Sağlık Okuryazarlığı, Sağlık İnancı ve Sağlık Arama Davranışının Sigarayı Bırakma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Year 2024, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 21 - 36, 29.12.2024

Sait Söyler , Mehmet Yorulmaz

Abstract

Sigarayı bıraktırma çabaları, sigarayla mücadele programlarının bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çabaların başarıya ulaşabilmesi için sigarayı bırakma niyetine etki eden faktörlerin ortaya konulması gerekmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırmanın temel amacı sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlık inancı ve sağlık arama davranışının sigarayı bırakma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada sigarayı bırakma niyetinin katılımcılara ilişkin genel özelliklere göre incelenmesi de amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket formu kullanılmıştır. Anket formunda katılımcılara ilişkin genel bilgiler, “Sağlık İnanç Modeline Göre Sigara Bırakma Ölçeği”, “Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği”, “Sağlık Arama Davranışı Ölçeği” ve “Sigarayı Bırakma Niyeti Ölçeği” yer almaktadır. Amaçlı ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemleri bir arada kullanılarak sigara kullanıcısı olan toplam 925 kişi araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler, farklılık analizleri, korelasyon ve regresyon analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Sigarayı bırakma niyeti ile sağlık okuryazarlığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı (p>0,05), sigarayı bırakma niyeti ile sağlık inanç modeline göre sigara bırakma ölçeği ve sağlık arama davranışı ölçeği arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönlü ve orta düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,01; r=0,477, 0,458). Kurulan regresyon modelinde ise sigarayı bırakma niyeti varyansındaki değişimin %31’inin bu iki değişken tarafından açıklandığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak sigarayla mücadele çabalarında sigarayı bırakma niyeti üzerinde etkili olan faktörlerin göz önünde bulundurulması önerilir.

Keywords

Sağlık Arama, Sağlık İnancı, Sağlık Okuryazarlığı, Sigarayı Bırakma Niyeti

Investigation of the Effect of Health Literacy, Health Belief, and Health Seeking Behavior on Intention to Quit Smoking: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Smoking cessation efforts constitute an important part of anti-smoking programs. Revealing factors affecting the intention to quit smoking is an important part of them. This study aimed to examine the effect of health literacy, health beliefs and health-seeking behavior on the intention to quit smoking. Intention to quit smoking according to the general characteristics of the participants was also aimed. A questionnaire form including general information of the participants, "Smoking Cessation Scale According to Health Belief Model", "Health Literacy Scale", "Health Seeking Behavior Scale" and "Intention to Quit Smoking Scale" was used. Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used and 925 smokers were included. Descriptive statistics, difference analysis, correlation and regression analysis were used. There was no statistically significant relationship between intention to quit smoking and health literacy (p>0.05), and there was a positive and moderate relationship between intention to quit smoking and smoking cessation scale according to health belief model and health seeking behavior scale (p<0.01; r=0.477, 0.458). 31% of the change in the variance of intention to quit smoking was explained by these two variables. As a result, it is recommended to consider the factors that affect the intention to quit smoking in efforts to combat smoking.

Keywords

Health Seeking, Health Beliefs, Health Literacy, Intention to Quit Smoking

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