Research Article
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Evaluation of Satisfaction Levels of Faruk Yalçın Zoo and Botanic Park Visitors

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 211 - 227, 25.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.647482

Abstract

Although the zoo is not a profit-oriented business, the animals in their structure need a certain income to sustain their lives healthily. The income needed is also obtained from visitors intensively. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on increasing revenue by creating more demand through the determination and improvement of the elements that affect visitor satisfaction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction levels of visitors of Faruk Yalçın's Zoo and Botanic Park through importance-performance analysis. In this respect, the data were collected from 393 people using quantitative research methods. The results show that performance scores are lower than their important scores. It is observed that the features that do not perform the desired performance despite the evaluations of the visitors as of high importance are generally related to the possibilities of the animals. Visitors' characteristics such as the suitability of the observation route, the understanding of the signs, the diversity of species, the landscape, the transportation to the zoo and the size of the zoo were determined to be satisfied.

References

  • Abalo, J., Varela, J. & Manzano, V. (2007). Importance values for importance–performance analysis: a formula for spreading out values derived from preference rankings. Journal of Business Research, 60 (2), 115-121.
  • Albayrak, T. & Caber, M. (2011). Önem-performans analizi: destinasyon yönetimine dair bir örnek. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11 (4), 627-638.
  • Carr, N. (2016). An analysis of zoo visitors' favourite and least favourite animals. Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 70-76.
  • Cengiz, F. & Kantarcı, K. (2013). Üçüncü yaş turistlere yönelik turistik ürün önem-performans analizi. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (2), 29-35.
  • Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R. Bayraktaroğlu S. & Yıldırım, E. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri: SPSS uygulamalı. 8. Baskı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Davey, G. (2007). Visitors' effects on the welfare of animals in the zoo: a review. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 10 (2), 169-183.
  • Deng, W.J., Kuo, Y.F. & Chen, W.C. (2008). Revised importance–performance analysis: three-factor theory and benchmarking. The Service Industries Journal, 28 (1), 37-51,
  • Faruk Yalçın Hayvanat Bahçesi ve Botanik Parkı. (2018). Genel bilgiler. Erişim tarihi: 03.12.2018, http://www.farukyalcinzoo.com/genel-bilgiler/.
  • Fernandez, E. J., Tamborski, M. A., Pickens, S. R. & Timberlake, W. (2009). Animal–visitor interactions in the modern zoo: conflicts and interventions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 120 (1), 1-8.
  • Holzer, D., Scott, D. & Bixler, R. (1998). Socialization influences on adult zoo visitation. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 23 (1), 43-62.
  • Karanikola, P., Tampakıs, S., Tsantopoulos, G. & Dgbasani, C. (2014). The public zoo as recreation and environmental education area: visitor's perceptions and management implications. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 10, 81-91.
  • Lee, H. S. (2015). Measurement of visitors' satisfaction with public zoos in Korea using importance-performance analysis. Tourism Management, 47, 251-260.
  • Luebke, J. F. & Matiasek, J. (2013). An exploratory study of zoo visitors' exhibit experiences and reactions. Zoo Biology, 32 (4), 407-416.
  • Martilla, J. A. & James, J. C. (1977). Importance-performance analysis. The Journal of Marketing, 41 (1), 77-79.
  • Mason, P. (2000). Zoo tourism: the need for more research. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8 (4), 333–339.
  • Morgan, J. M. & Hodgkinson, M. (1999). The motivation and social orientation of visitors attending a contemporary zoological park. Environment and Behavior, 31 (2), 227-239.
  • Moss A. & Esson M. (2010). Visitor interest in zoo animals and the implications for collection planning and zoo education programmes. Zoo Biology, 29 (6), 715–731.
  • Musa G., Mohammad I., Thırumoorthı T., Moghavvemi S. & Kasım A. (2015). Exploring visitors’ experience using strategic experiential modules (SEMs): the case of Zoo Negara, Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 1 (3), 234-253.
  • Oğuzlar, A. (2003). Veri Ön İşleme. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21, 67-76.
  • Özgören Şen, F. & Öztek, M . (2017). Boş zaman pazarlaması kapsamındaki faaliyetlere genel bir bakış. Kırklareli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6 (3), 58-71.
  • Packer, J., Ballantyne, R., & Hughes, K. (2014). Chinese and Australian tourists’ attitudes to nature, animals and environmental issues: implications for the design of nature-based tourism experiences. Tourism Management, 44, 101-107.
  • Peter, J. P. (1979). Reliability: a review of psyhometric basics and recent marketing practices. Journal of Marketing Research, 16 (1), 6-17.
  • Puan, C. L., & Zakaria, M. (2007). Perception of visitors towards the role of zoos: a Malaysian perspective. International Zoo Yearbook, 41 (1), 226-232.
  • Reade, L. S. & Waran, N. K. (1996). The modern zoo: how do people perceive zoo animals? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 47, 109-118.
  • Rial, A., Rial, J., Varela, J. & Real, E. (2008). An application of importance-performance analysis (IPA) to the management of sport centers. Managing Leisure, 13 (3), 179-188.
  • Ryan C. & Saward J. (2004). The zoo as ecotourism attraction–visitor reactions, perceptions and management implications: the case of Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (3), 245-266.
  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research methods for business: a skill building approach. New York: John Wiley, and Sons.
  • Sürme, M. & Seyrek, İ. (2018). Gaziantep Hayvanat Bahçesi ziyaretçilerinin memnuniyet düzeylerinin önem-performans analiziyle ölçülmesi. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 17 (2), 666-676,
  • Tekin, Ö. A., Kalkan, G., & Duman, H. (2014). Hizmet kalitesinin önem-performans analizi ile ölçülmesi: üniversite sosyal tesislerinin konaklama üniteleri üzerinde bir uygulama. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7 (31), 751-770.
  • Tomas, S. R., Crompton, J. L., & Scott, D. (2003). Assessing service quality and benefits sought among zoological park visitors. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 21 (2), 105-124.
  • Turley, S. K. (1999). Exploring the future of the traditional UK Zoo. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5 (4), 340-355.
  • Turley, S. K. (2001). Children and the demand for recreational experiences: the case of zoos. Leisure Studies, 20 (1), 1-18.
  • Ward, P.I., Mosberger N., Kistler, C. & Fischer, O. (1998). The relationship between popularity and body size in zoo animals. Conservation Biology, 12 (6), 1408–1411.

Faruk Yalçın Hayvanat Bahçesi ve Botanik Parkı Ziyaretçilerinin Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 211 - 227, 25.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.647482

Abstract

Hayvanat bahçeleri her ne kadar kâr elde etme odaklı işletmeler olmasalar da bünyelerinde yer alan hayvanların sağlıklı bir şekilde hayatlarını devam ettirebilmeleri için belirli bir gelire ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. İhtiyaç duyulan gelir de yoğun olarak ziyaretçilerden elde edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla ziyaretçi memnuniyetini etkileyen unsurların belirlenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi yoluyla daha fazla talep oluşturularak, gelirin arttırılmasına odaklanılması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, Faruk YALÇIN Hayvanat Bahçesi ve Botanik Parkı ziyaretçilerinin memnuniyet düzeylerinin, önem-performans analiziyle değerlendirilmesidir. Bu doğrultuda 393 kişiden nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniğiyle veri toplanmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlar, performans puanlarının önem puanlarından düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Ziyaretçilerin yüksek öneme sahip olarak değerlendirmelerine rağmen istenilen performansı gösteremeyen özelliklerin, genel olarak hayvanların sahip oldukları imkânlarla ilgili olduğu görülmüştür. Ziyaretçilerin hayvanat bahçesinin “gözlem rotasının uygunluğu, tabelaların anlaşılabilir olması, türlerin çeşitliliği, peyzaj, hayvanat bahçesine ulaşım ve hayvanat bahçesinin büyüklüğü” gibi özelliklerinden ise memnun oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Abalo, J., Varela, J. & Manzano, V. (2007). Importance values for importance–performance analysis: a formula for spreading out values derived from preference rankings. Journal of Business Research, 60 (2), 115-121.
  • Albayrak, T. & Caber, M. (2011). Önem-performans analizi: destinasyon yönetimine dair bir örnek. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11 (4), 627-638.
  • Carr, N. (2016). An analysis of zoo visitors' favourite and least favourite animals. Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 70-76.
  • Cengiz, F. & Kantarcı, K. (2013). Üçüncü yaş turistlere yönelik turistik ürün önem-performans analizi. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (2), 29-35.
  • Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R. Bayraktaroğlu S. & Yıldırım, E. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri: SPSS uygulamalı. 8. Baskı. Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Davey, G. (2007). Visitors' effects on the welfare of animals in the zoo: a review. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 10 (2), 169-183.
  • Deng, W.J., Kuo, Y.F. & Chen, W.C. (2008). Revised importance–performance analysis: three-factor theory and benchmarking. The Service Industries Journal, 28 (1), 37-51,
  • Faruk Yalçın Hayvanat Bahçesi ve Botanik Parkı. (2018). Genel bilgiler. Erişim tarihi: 03.12.2018, http://www.farukyalcinzoo.com/genel-bilgiler/.
  • Fernandez, E. J., Tamborski, M. A., Pickens, S. R. & Timberlake, W. (2009). Animal–visitor interactions in the modern zoo: conflicts and interventions. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 120 (1), 1-8.
  • Holzer, D., Scott, D. & Bixler, R. (1998). Socialization influences on adult zoo visitation. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 23 (1), 43-62.
  • Karanikola, P., Tampakıs, S., Tsantopoulos, G. & Dgbasani, C. (2014). The public zoo as recreation and environmental education area: visitor's perceptions and management implications. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 10, 81-91.
  • Lee, H. S. (2015). Measurement of visitors' satisfaction with public zoos in Korea using importance-performance analysis. Tourism Management, 47, 251-260.
  • Luebke, J. F. & Matiasek, J. (2013). An exploratory study of zoo visitors' exhibit experiences and reactions. Zoo Biology, 32 (4), 407-416.
  • Martilla, J. A. & James, J. C. (1977). Importance-performance analysis. The Journal of Marketing, 41 (1), 77-79.
  • Mason, P. (2000). Zoo tourism: the need for more research. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8 (4), 333–339.
  • Morgan, J. M. & Hodgkinson, M. (1999). The motivation and social orientation of visitors attending a contemporary zoological park. Environment and Behavior, 31 (2), 227-239.
  • Moss A. & Esson M. (2010). Visitor interest in zoo animals and the implications for collection planning and zoo education programmes. Zoo Biology, 29 (6), 715–731.
  • Musa G., Mohammad I., Thırumoorthı T., Moghavvemi S. & Kasım A. (2015). Exploring visitors’ experience using strategic experiential modules (SEMs): the case of Zoo Negara, Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 1 (3), 234-253.
  • Oğuzlar, A. (2003). Veri Ön İşleme. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21, 67-76.
  • Özgören Şen, F. & Öztek, M . (2017). Boş zaman pazarlaması kapsamındaki faaliyetlere genel bir bakış. Kırklareli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6 (3), 58-71.
  • Packer, J., Ballantyne, R., & Hughes, K. (2014). Chinese and Australian tourists’ attitudes to nature, animals and environmental issues: implications for the design of nature-based tourism experiences. Tourism Management, 44, 101-107.
  • Peter, J. P. (1979). Reliability: a review of psyhometric basics and recent marketing practices. Journal of Marketing Research, 16 (1), 6-17.
  • Puan, C. L., & Zakaria, M. (2007). Perception of visitors towards the role of zoos: a Malaysian perspective. International Zoo Yearbook, 41 (1), 226-232.
  • Reade, L. S. & Waran, N. K. (1996). The modern zoo: how do people perceive zoo animals? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 47, 109-118.
  • Rial, A., Rial, J., Varela, J. & Real, E. (2008). An application of importance-performance analysis (IPA) to the management of sport centers. Managing Leisure, 13 (3), 179-188.
  • Ryan C. & Saward J. (2004). The zoo as ecotourism attraction–visitor reactions, perceptions and management implications: the case of Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (3), 245-266.
  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research methods for business: a skill building approach. New York: John Wiley, and Sons.
  • Sürme, M. & Seyrek, İ. (2018). Gaziantep Hayvanat Bahçesi ziyaretçilerinin memnuniyet düzeylerinin önem-performans analiziyle ölçülmesi. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 17 (2), 666-676,
  • Tekin, Ö. A., Kalkan, G., & Duman, H. (2014). Hizmet kalitesinin önem-performans analizi ile ölçülmesi: üniversite sosyal tesislerinin konaklama üniteleri üzerinde bir uygulama. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7 (31), 751-770.
  • Tomas, S. R., Crompton, J. L., & Scott, D. (2003). Assessing service quality and benefits sought among zoological park visitors. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 21 (2), 105-124.
  • Turley, S. K. (1999). Exploring the future of the traditional UK Zoo. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5 (4), 340-355.
  • Turley, S. K. (2001). Children and the demand for recreational experiences: the case of zoos. Leisure Studies, 20 (1), 1-18.
  • Ward, P.I., Mosberger N., Kistler, C. & Fischer, O. (1998). The relationship between popularity and body size in zoo animals. Conservation Biology, 12 (6), 1408–1411.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Beşeri Bilimler Sayısı
Authors

Melih Kabadayı 0000-0002-8521-6999

Mehmet Sarıışık This is me 0000-0002-0681-6137

Publication Date September 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kabadayı, M., & Sarıışık, M. (2020). Faruk Yalçın Hayvanat Bahçesi ve Botanik Parkı Ziyaretçilerinin Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(3), 211-227. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.647482