The Comparison of the Level of Swimming Performance, Nutrition and Physical Activity of Age Group Swimmers in Two Different Countries

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare the differences between the nutrition, physical activity habits and performances of youth swimmers in America and Turkey. 41 Turkish swimmers with the average age of 11,34 ± 0.57 and 32 American swimmers with the average age of 11,40 ± 0,71 have attended this study. All of the swimmers who have attended the study are active and licensed swimmers who participate in swimming competitions. A questionnaire form was applied to the athletes participating in the study as a data collection tool. The average of the highest FINA points that the swimmers achieved in the swimming competitions in the winter olympics in their own countries have been considered as the performance criterion. When anthropometric measurements are evaluated, the average height of Turkish swimmers is 153,85 ± 6,72cm and the average height of American swimmers is 153,75 ± 8.62cm; the average weight of Turkish swimmers is 40,97 ± 5,57kg and the average weight of American swimmers is 41,07 ± 6,7kg. 80,5 % of Turkish swimmers have an adequate and a well-balanced diet and 81,3 % of American swimmers have an adequate and a well-balanced diet. Also, it has been mentioned that 63,4 % of Turkish swimmers and 93,7 % of American swimmers do physical activities regularly apart from their swimming trainings. The average FINA point of Turkish swimmers has been confirmed to be 376,4 ± 85,91 and the average FINA point of American swimmers has been confirmed to be 409,4 ± 108,02. As a result, it is thought that the changes in the food choices consumed at meals, daily TV and computer usage times of American and Turkish athletes are caused by socio-cultural differences and this does not cause performance differences, and differences in physical activity levels may be the reason for performance differences.

Keywords

• Nutrition habits
• Physical activities
• Fina points
• Anthropometric measurements

İki Farklı Ülkede Yaş Grubu Yüzücülerinin, Beslenme, Yüzme Performansı ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Amerika ve Türkiye’de yüzen yaş grubu sporcularının; beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite alışkanlıkları ile performansları arasındaki farkların karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 11,34±0,57 yıl olan 41 Türk ve yaş ortalaması 11,40±0,71 yıl olan 32 Amerikalı sporcu katılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan tüm sporcular aktif olarak yüzme yarışmalarına katılan lisanslı sporculardır. Çalışmaya katılan sporculara veri toplama aracı olarak anket formu uygulanmıştır. Performans ölçütü olarak çalışmaya katılan tüm sporcuların (n=73), kendi ülkelerinde kış şampiyonalarında yüzdükleri yarışlardan elde ettikleri en yüksek Uluslararası Yüzme Federasyonu (FINA) puanı toplamlarının ortalamaları alınmıştır. Bulgulara göre antropometrik ölçümler değerlendirildiğinde Türk yüzücülerin boy ortalama değerleri 153,85 ± 6,72cm, Amerikaları yüzücülerin 153,75 ± 8.62cm, Türk yüzücülerin vücut ağırlığı ortalama değerleri 40,97 ± 5,57kg, Amerikalı yüzücülerin 41,07 ± 6,7kg olduğu; Türk yüzücülerin %80,5, Amerikalı yüzücülerin %81,3’ünün yeterli ve dengeli beslendiği, yine Türk yüzücülerin %63,4, Amerikalı yüzücülerin %93,7’ünün yüzme antrenmanı dışında düzenli olarak fiziksel aktivite yaptıklarını ifade ettikleri, Türk yüzücülerin FINA puan ortalamalarının 376,4 ± 85,91 puan, Amerikalı yüzücülerin 409,4 ± 108,02 puan olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Amerikalı ve Türk sporcuların öğünlerde tüketilen besin seçimlerinin, günlük TV ve bilgisayar kullanım sürelerinin değişiklik göstermesinin sosyo-kültürel farklılıklardan kaynaklandığı ve bu durumun performans farklılıklarına neden olmadığı, fiziksel aktivite düzeylerindeki farkların ise performans farkının nedeni olabileceği düşülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beslenme alışkanlıkları
• Fiziksel aktivite
• Fina puan
• Antropometrik ölçümler

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