Research Article
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The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 294 - 311, 31.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401

Abstract

This research aims to determine why football fans watch pirated broadcasts. In this qualitative study, the phenomenological design was used, and snowball sampling and maximum variation sampling methods were used to select the participants. In this context, 12 participants with different income levels who watch football matches with pirate broadcasting constitute the research group of the study. In the study where the individual interview method was used, an unstructured interview form was used as a data collection tool. The data were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the analysis, four subcategories were obtained regarding the reasons for fans to watch pirated broadcasts. These are broadcasting organizations, federations, state, and other policies. Fans stated that they watch pirated broadcasts due to many factors, such as high broadcast package prices, many packages, lack of single-match viewing options, broadcast quality, inadequate league and team performances, and broadcast tender processes. When the reasons for watching according to income level were examined, it was determined that although pricing was an essential factor in the first place in all income levels, the reasons for watching pirated broadcasts varied in medium and high-income levels. As a result, it was determined that watching pirated broadcasts cannot be associated only with pricing, and the reasons consist of many elements. Although blocking pirated broadcast sites and applying personal penalties are elements that will help reduce the popularity of pirated broadcasts, it can be said that the attractiveness of legal broadcasts should also be strengthened for permanent solutions.

References

  • Ajansspor (2023). La Liga to Collaborate with Google to Combat Pirated Matches. https://ajansspor.com/haber/korsan-maclara-google-ile-darbe-642898 Acces date: 12.07.2024.
  • Amperanalysis (2023). How Italy is tackling sports streaming piracy. https://www.ampereanalysis.com/insight/how-italy-is-tackling-sports-streaming-piracy Acces date: 17.08.2024.
  • Anadolu Ajansı (2024). Match broadcasts. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/info/infografik/40757 Acces date: 27.08.2024.
  • BBC (2021). Why can't pirated match broadcasts be prevented?https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-57128426 Acces date: 23.08.2024.
  • Beinsports (2022). “The most important factor in revenue loss is piracy”. https://beinsports.com.tr/haber/gelir-kaybindaki-en-onemli-faktor-korsan-yayin Acces date: 23.08.2024.
  • Biernacki, P., & Waldorf, D. (1981). Snowball sampling: Problems and techniques of chain referral sampling. Sociological Methods & Research, 10(2), 141-163.
  • Brydon, S. (2023). The battle against sports piracy. ResearchSpace. https://www.synamedia.com/blog/online-sports-streaming-piracy/ Acces date: 19.09.2024.
  • Danaher, B., Sivan, L., Smith, M. D., & Telang, R. (2024). The Impact of online piracy website blocking on legal media consumption. Available at SSRN. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4723522
  • Dascal, O. (2021). How to solve the problem of piracy in sports broadcasts?. ResearchSpace. https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3894473,00.html Acces date: 11.08.2024.
  • Dömbekci, H. A., & Erişen, M. A. (2022). Nitel araştırmalarda görüşme tekniği. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(Özel Sayı 2), 141-160
  • D Smart (2024). https://www.dsmart.com.tr/tv-paketleri/aile-spor-paketi Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • ESPN (2024). https://ESPNwww.ziggo.nl/klantenservice/televisie-radio/dagpas-bestellen#/ Acces date:01.09.2024
  • Exxenspor (2024). https://yardim-exxen.ortusdesk.com/planlar-ve-ucretler/ Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Goal (2024). How to watch Premier League football in the 2024-2025 season. https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/watch-premier-league-football/bltedeb343b159d106b#csfa1dff4dfdafe9b4 Acces date:01.09.2024
  • Halıcı, A., & Yetim, A. A. (2024). Investigation of football fans’ perceptions of event quality according to their typologies. SAGE Open, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271131
  • Hbr (2024). Pro sports has a piracy problem. https://hbr.org/2024/02/pro-sports-has-a-piracy-problem Acces date: 25.07.2024.
  • Hürriyet (2021). Korsan yayın 10 dakikada kapatılacak. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/korsan-yayin-10-dakikada-kapatilacak-41946825 Acces date: 14.08.2024.
  • Kocabıyık, O. O. (2016). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 55-66.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (Çev. S. Turan). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • NBA (2024a). NBA single game satın alımları. https://support.watch.nba.com/hc/tr/articles/115000581693-NBA-Single-Game-Sat%C4%B1n-Al%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1 Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • NBA (2024b). NBA öğrencilere indirim ve 3 kullanıcı https://services.sheerid.com/verify/62d805e11aba4543d7f44e13/?layout=landing&utm_source=NBA_PP&utm_medium=PP&utm_campaign=Packages_PageINT Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Netflix (2024). www.netflix.com/signup/planform Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Nowtv (2024). https://www.nowtv.com/sports-purchase Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Oddspedia (2023). https://oddspedia.com/us/insights/features/legal-vs-illegal-nfl-streaming Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Robertson, A. (2014). Internet piracy of sports broadcasts: Finding the solution in the United Kingdom and United States. Marquette Sports Law Review, 25, 469-490.
  • Skysports (2024). https://www.nowtv.com/sports-purchase Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Sözcü (2022). Korsanla mücadelede 866 siteye erişim engeli. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/korsanla-mucadelede-866-siteye-erisim-engeli-wp6967486 Acces date: 18.09.2024.
  • Ssport (2024). https://www.ssportplus.com Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Synamedia (2020). Report: Charting global sports piracy. https://www.synamedia.com/whitepapers-reports/charting-global-sports-piracy/ Acces date: 28.08.2024.
  • Tabi (2024). https://www.tabii.com/tr?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwreW2BhBhEiwAavLwfE3iOstrQnyw-lYHF9TUrmGVI2BvSNzayUAUdvjGB6WZ6MdykFtanRoCKOUQAvD_BwE Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Taşkın, Ş. C. (2022). 7346 Sayılı kanunla türkiye futbol federasyonuna verilen internet sitelerine erişimin engellemesi yetkisine eleştirel bakış. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 417-472.
  • TFF (2016). TFF Süper Lig ve TFF 1. Lig medya hakları ihalesi yapıldı. https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=285&ftxtID=26245 Acces date: 06.08.2024.
  • TFF (2024). Süper Lig ve 1. Lig yayın hakları ihalesi’ne ilişkin açıklama. https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=687&ftxtID=43535 Acces date: 06.08.2024.
  • The Guardian (2023). Premier League agrees new £6.7bn TV rights deal with Sky and TNT Sports. https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/dec/04/premier-league-agrees-67bn-tv-rights-deal-with-sky-and-tnt-sports Acces date: 12.08.2024.
  • TOD (2024). https://www.todtv.com.tr/sinirsiz-spor Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • TÜRKİŞ (2024). TÜRK-İŞ Nisan 2024 açlık ve yoksulluk sınırı. https://www.turkis.org.tr/turk-is-nisan-2024-aclik-ve-yoksulluk-siniri/ Acces date: 26.08.2024.
  • Tivibu (2024). https://www.tivibu.com.tr/kampanyadetay/tivibu-ilk-ay-bizden-kampanyasi Acces date: 01.09.2024. Varki, S., & Colgate, M. (2001). The Role of price perceptions in an integrated model of behavioral intentions. Journal of Service Research, 3(3), 232-240.
  • Yağar, F., & Dökme, S. (2018). Niteliksel araştirmalarin planlanmasi: Araştirma sorulari, örneklem seçimi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 1-9.
  • Yasa dışı futbol yayınlarının önlenmesi talimatı (2022). https://www.tff.org//Resources/TFF/Documents/TALIMATLAR/Yasa-D%C4%B1s%C4%B1-Futbol-Yayinlarinin-Onlenmesi-Talimati.pdf Acces date: 29.08.2024.
  • Yaybir (2018). Korsan yayıncılık. https://www.yaybir.org.tr/bilgi-bankasi/korsan-yayincilik/ Acces date:29.08.2024.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11. baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • YouGov (2023). Understanding the sport piracy landscape. https://business.yougov.com/content/48152-understanding-the-sport-piracy-landscape-report Acces date: 17.08.2024.
  • Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: A Means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22.

Korsan Yayınların Arkasındaki Nedenler: Futbol Taraftarları Perspektifinden Bir İnceleme

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 294 - 311, 31.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401

Abstract

Bu araştırma, futbol taraftarlarının korsan yayın izleme sebeplerinin neler olduğunu belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, futbol maçlarını korsan yayın ile izleyen farklı gelir düzeyine sahip 12 futbol taraftarı çalışmanın araştırma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Bireysel görüşme yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak yapılandırılmamış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; taraftarların korsan yayın izleme gerekçelerine yönelik olarak 4 alt kategori elde edilmiştir. Bunlar; yayıncı kuruluş, federasyon, devlet ve diğer politikalar şeklindedir. Taraftarlar; yayın paket fiyatlarının yüksekliği, paket sayısının çok olması, tek maçlık izleme seçeneklerinin olmaması, yayın kalitesi, lig ve takım performanslarının yetersizliği, yayın ihale süreçleri gibi birçok unsur nedeniyle korsan yayın izlediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Gelir düzeyine göre izleme gerekçeleri incelendiğinde, tüm gelir düzeylerinde her ne kadar ilk sıralarda fiyatlandırma önemli bir etken olsa da orta ve yüksek gelir düzeyinde korsan yayın izleme gerekçelerinin çeşitlendiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; korsan yayın izlemenin sadece fiyatlandırma ile ilişkilendirilemeyeceği ve gerekçelerin birçok unsurdan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Korsan yayın sitelerinin engellenmesi ve şahsi cezaların uygulanması korsan yayının popülaritesini azaltmaya yardımcı olacak unsurlar olsa da kalıcı çözümler için yasal yayınların çekiciliğini de güçlendirmek gerektiği söylenebilir.

References

  • Ajansspor (2023). La Liga to Collaborate with Google to Combat Pirated Matches. https://ajansspor.com/haber/korsan-maclara-google-ile-darbe-642898 Acces date: 12.07.2024.
  • Amperanalysis (2023). How Italy is tackling sports streaming piracy. https://www.ampereanalysis.com/insight/how-italy-is-tackling-sports-streaming-piracy Acces date: 17.08.2024.
  • Anadolu Ajansı (2024). Match broadcasts. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/info/infografik/40757 Acces date: 27.08.2024.
  • BBC (2021). Why can't pirated match broadcasts be prevented?https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-57128426 Acces date: 23.08.2024.
  • Beinsports (2022). “The most important factor in revenue loss is piracy”. https://beinsports.com.tr/haber/gelir-kaybindaki-en-onemli-faktor-korsan-yayin Acces date: 23.08.2024.
  • Biernacki, P., & Waldorf, D. (1981). Snowball sampling: Problems and techniques of chain referral sampling. Sociological Methods & Research, 10(2), 141-163.
  • Brydon, S. (2023). The battle against sports piracy. ResearchSpace. https://www.synamedia.com/blog/online-sports-streaming-piracy/ Acces date: 19.09.2024.
  • Danaher, B., Sivan, L., Smith, M. D., & Telang, R. (2024). The Impact of online piracy website blocking on legal media consumption. Available at SSRN. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4723522
  • Dascal, O. (2021). How to solve the problem of piracy in sports broadcasts?. ResearchSpace. https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3894473,00.html Acces date: 11.08.2024.
  • Dömbekci, H. A., & Erişen, M. A. (2022). Nitel araştırmalarda görüşme tekniği. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(Özel Sayı 2), 141-160
  • D Smart (2024). https://www.dsmart.com.tr/tv-paketleri/aile-spor-paketi Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • ESPN (2024). https://ESPNwww.ziggo.nl/klantenservice/televisie-radio/dagpas-bestellen#/ Acces date:01.09.2024
  • Exxenspor (2024). https://yardim-exxen.ortusdesk.com/planlar-ve-ucretler/ Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Goal (2024). How to watch Premier League football in the 2024-2025 season. https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/watch-premier-league-football/bltedeb343b159d106b#csfa1dff4dfdafe9b4 Acces date:01.09.2024
  • Halıcı, A., & Yetim, A. A. (2024). Investigation of football fans’ perceptions of event quality according to their typologies. SAGE Open, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271131
  • Hbr (2024). Pro sports has a piracy problem. https://hbr.org/2024/02/pro-sports-has-a-piracy-problem Acces date: 25.07.2024.
  • Hürriyet (2021). Korsan yayın 10 dakikada kapatılacak. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/korsan-yayin-10-dakikada-kapatilacak-41946825 Acces date: 14.08.2024.
  • Kocabıyık, O. O. (2016). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 55-66.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel araştırma: Desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (Çev. S. Turan). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • NBA (2024a). NBA single game satın alımları. https://support.watch.nba.com/hc/tr/articles/115000581693-NBA-Single-Game-Sat%C4%B1n-Al%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1 Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • NBA (2024b). NBA öğrencilere indirim ve 3 kullanıcı https://services.sheerid.com/verify/62d805e11aba4543d7f44e13/?layout=landing&utm_source=NBA_PP&utm_medium=PP&utm_campaign=Packages_PageINT Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Netflix (2024). www.netflix.com/signup/planform Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Nowtv (2024). https://www.nowtv.com/sports-purchase Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Oddspedia (2023). https://oddspedia.com/us/insights/features/legal-vs-illegal-nfl-streaming Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Robertson, A. (2014). Internet piracy of sports broadcasts: Finding the solution in the United Kingdom and United States. Marquette Sports Law Review, 25, 469-490.
  • Skysports (2024). https://www.nowtv.com/sports-purchase Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Sözcü (2022). Korsanla mücadelede 866 siteye erişim engeli. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/korsanla-mucadelede-866-siteye-erisim-engeli-wp6967486 Acces date: 18.09.2024.
  • Ssport (2024). https://www.ssportplus.com Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Synamedia (2020). Report: Charting global sports piracy. https://www.synamedia.com/whitepapers-reports/charting-global-sports-piracy/ Acces date: 28.08.2024.
  • Tabi (2024). https://www.tabii.com/tr?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwreW2BhBhEiwAavLwfE3iOstrQnyw-lYHF9TUrmGVI2BvSNzayUAUdvjGB6WZ6MdykFtanRoCKOUQAvD_BwE Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • Taşkın, Ş. C. (2022). 7346 Sayılı kanunla türkiye futbol federasyonuna verilen internet sitelerine erişimin engellemesi yetkisine eleştirel bakış. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 417-472.
  • TFF (2016). TFF Süper Lig ve TFF 1. Lig medya hakları ihalesi yapıldı. https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=285&ftxtID=26245 Acces date: 06.08.2024.
  • TFF (2024). Süper Lig ve 1. Lig yayın hakları ihalesi’ne ilişkin açıklama. https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=687&ftxtID=43535 Acces date: 06.08.2024.
  • The Guardian (2023). Premier League agrees new £6.7bn TV rights deal with Sky and TNT Sports. https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/dec/04/premier-league-agrees-67bn-tv-rights-deal-with-sky-and-tnt-sports Acces date: 12.08.2024.
  • TOD (2024). https://www.todtv.com.tr/sinirsiz-spor Acces date: 01.09.2024.
  • TÜRKİŞ (2024). TÜRK-İŞ Nisan 2024 açlık ve yoksulluk sınırı. https://www.turkis.org.tr/turk-is-nisan-2024-aclik-ve-yoksulluk-siniri/ Acces date: 26.08.2024.
  • Tivibu (2024). https://www.tivibu.com.tr/kampanyadetay/tivibu-ilk-ay-bizden-kampanyasi Acces date: 01.09.2024. Varki, S., & Colgate, M. (2001). The Role of price perceptions in an integrated model of behavioral intentions. Journal of Service Research, 3(3), 232-240.
  • Yağar, F., & Dökme, S. (2018). Niteliksel araştirmalarin planlanmasi: Araştirma sorulari, örneklem seçimi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 1-9.
  • Yasa dışı futbol yayınlarının önlenmesi talimatı (2022). https://www.tff.org//Resources/TFF/Documents/TALIMATLAR/Yasa-D%C4%B1s%C4%B1-Futbol-Yayinlarinin-Onlenmesi-Talimati.pdf Acces date: 29.08.2024.
  • Yaybir (2018). Korsan yayıncılık. https://www.yaybir.org.tr/bilgi-bankasi/korsan-yayincilik/ Acces date:29.08.2024.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11. baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • YouGov (2023). Understanding the sport piracy landscape. https://business.yougov.com/content/48152-understanding-the-sport-piracy-landscape-report Acces date: 17.08.2024.
  • Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: A Means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Activity Management
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Alperen Halıcı 0000-0002-5480-4683

Semih Şahin 0009-0001-8032-6646

Submission Date December 12, 2024
Acceptance Date February 13, 2025
Early Pub Date July 9, 2025
Publication Date July 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 20 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Halıcı, A., & Şahin, S. (2025). The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(2), 294-311. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401
AMA Halıcı A, Şahin S. The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. July 2025;20(2):294-311. doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401
Chicago Halıcı, Alperen, and Semih Şahin. “The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 20, no. 2 (July 2025): 294-311. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401.
EndNote Halıcı A, Şahin S (July 1, 2025) The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 20 2 294–311.
IEEE A. Halıcı and S. Şahin, “The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football”, CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 294–311, 2025, doi: 10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401.
ISNAD Halıcı, Alperen - Şahin, Semih. “The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 20/2 (July2025), 294-311. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401.
JAMA Halıcı A, Şahin S. The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;20:294–311.
MLA Halıcı, Alperen and Semih Şahin. “The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football”. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 2, 2025, pp. 294-11, doi:10.33459/cbubesbd.1600401.
Vancouver Halıcı A, Şahin S. The Reasons Behind Pirated Broadcasts: An Investigation from the Perspective of Football. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;20(2):294-311.