Evaluation of the Turkey Super League with Data Envelopment Analysis

Abstract

Football emerged in China in the third century B.C, is a sport that is followed by all around the world today. Football, which has become part of everyday life with the symbolic values it carries and the competition it creates, has now become an industrial area. Rapidly growing interest has also brought investments. With these developments in Turkey together with the entire world of football market also grew. The broadcastin rights of the league were purchased by the broadcaster in 2016 for 600 million dollars. This reveals the size of the football economy in our country. Within the scope of this study, 5 seasonal performances between 2012-2013 and 2016-2017 of 18 football clubs which are most important stakeholders in our football economy located in Turkish Super League were examined by data envelopment analysis and their efficiency scores were determined. Efficiency scores were obtained by using the data related to various financials (transfer expenditure, broadcasting income etc.) and sports (number of transfers, total points, etc.) as input and output. The results were examined and active and inactive clubs were found. As a result of this study, it is aimed to evaluate the performances of the football clubs, to develop their clubs or to show the actions that will increase the activities to the club managers in the sense of correcting the problematic parts.

Keywords

• Football,Turkish Super League,Data Envelopment Analysis

Türkiye Süper Ligi’nin Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Milattan önce üçüncü yüzyılda Çin’de ortaya çıkan futbol günümüzde tüm dünya tarafından ilgiyle takip edilen bir spordur. Taşıdığı sembolik değerlerle ve yarattığı rekabetlerle birlikte günlük hayatın bir parçası haline gelen futbol artık bir endüstriyel alana dönüşmüştür. Hızla artan ilgi beraberinde yatırımları da getirmiştir. Bu gelişmelerle tüm dünyayla birlikte Türkiye’de de futbol piyasası büyümüştür. Ligimizin yayın hakkı yayıncı kuruluş tarafından 2016 yılında 600 milyon dolara satın alınmıştır. Bu da ülkemizdeki futbol ekonomisinin büyüklüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında futbol ekonomimizin en önemli paydaşları olan Türkiye Süper Ligi’nde yer alan 18 futbol kulübünün 2012-2013 ve 2016-2017 sezonları arasında kalan 5 sezonluk performansı veri zarflama analizi ile incelenerek etkinlikleri ölçülmüştür. Çeşitli finans (transfer harcaması, yayın gelirleri vb.) ve spor (transfer sayısı, toplam puan vb.) ile ilgili veriler girdi ve çıktı olarak kullanılarak etkinlik değerleri elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelenerek etkin ve etkin olmayan kulüpler bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda kulüplerin performanslarını değerlendirilerek, geliştirilmeye açık yönlerin geliştirilmesi ya da problemli kısımların düzeltilmesi anlamında kulüp yöneticilerine etkinliklerini arttıracak aksiyonları gösterebilmek amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol,Türkiye Süper Ligi,Veri Zarflama Analizi

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