AKUT EKSTREMİTE İSKEMİSİNDE SERUM LAKTAT DÜZEYİNİN MORTALİTE VE AMPUTASYON İLE İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Öz Amaç: Akut ekstremite iskemisi, ani ekstremite perfüzyon yetmezliği ile karakterize vasküler bir acil durumdur ve derhal tedavi edilmezse amputasyon veya mortaliteye yol açabilir. Bu çalışmada, acil embolektomi uygulanan ALI hastalarında preoperatif serum laktat düzeyleri ile amputasyon ve hastane içi mortalite arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2021-2023 yılları arasında Konya Şehir Hastanesi'nde tedavi edilen 67 hasta üzerinde retrospektif bir analiz yapılmıştır. Kronik periferik arter hastalığı, kronik böbrek yetmezliği olan veya ameliyat öncesi laktat verileri eksik olan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Demografik bilgiler, komorbiditeler, motor-duyusal defisitler, Rutherford sınıflandırması, biyokimyasal parametreler ve 30 günlük postoperatif sonuçlar analiz edildi. Amputasyon ve mortalite için risk faktörlerini belirlemek üzere lojistik regresyon uygulandı. Bulgular: Diabetes mellitus (DM), motor defisit, duyu defisit ve Rutherford kategori IIB amputasyon ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkiliydi. Ancak, çok değişkenli analizde yalnızca DM anlamlı bir belirleyici olarak kaldı (OR: 4.923, p=0.042). Serum laktat seviyeleri amputasyon ile anlamlı bir ilişki göstermemekle birlikte hastanede ölen hastalarda anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (medyan 4.1'e karşı 2.15, p=0.002). Tek değişkenli analiz, yüksek laktat seviyelerinin mortalite riskini artırdığını görüldü (OR: 2.354, p=0.003). Kreatin kinaz (CK) seviyeleri de hem ampute edilen hem de ölen hastalarda daha yüksekti, ancak çok değişkenli analizde anlamlılık kayboldu. Sonuç: Ameliyat öncesi serum laktat düzeyleri hastane içi mortalite ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkilidir ancak amputasyon ile ilişkili değildir. DM, amputasyonun güçlü bir bağımsız öngörücüsüdür. Bu bulguları doğrulamak için daha geniş örneklemli ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akut ekstremite iskemisi
• serum laktat
• amputasyon
• mortalite

RELATIONSHIP OF SERUM LACTATE LEVEL WITH MORTALITY AND AMPUTATION IN ACUTE LİMB ISCHEMIA

Öz

Aim; Acute limb ischemia (ALI) is a vascular emergency characterized by sudden limb perfusion failure, which may lead to amputation or mortality if not treated promptly. This study investigates the relationship between preoperative serum lactate levels and amputation and in-hospital mortality in ALI patients undergoing emergency embolectomy. Method; A retrospective analysis was conducted on 67 patients treated at Konya City Hospital between 2021 and 2023. Patients with chronic peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal failure, or missing preoperative lactate data were excluded. Demographic information, comorbidities, motor-sensory deficits, Rutherford classification, biochemical parameters, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for amputation and mortality. Results; Diabetes mellitus (DM), motor deficits, sensory deficits, and Rutherford category IIB were significantly associated with amputation. However, in multivariate analysis, only DM remained a significant predictor (OR: 4.923, p=0.042). Serum lactate levels showed no significant association with amputation but were significantly higher in patients who died in-hospital (median 4.1 vs. 2.15, p=0.002). Univariate analysis confirmed that elevated lactate levels increased mortality risk (OR: 2.354, p=0.003). Creatine kinase (CK) levels were also higher in both amputated and deceased patients, though significance was lost in multivariate analysis. Conclusion; Preoperative serum lactate levels are significantly associated with in-hospital mortality but not amputation. DM is a strong independent predictor of amputation. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acute limb ischemia
• serum lactate
• amputation
• mortality

Kaynakça

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