An Investigation of Effects of Chronic Stress on Adrenal Gland by Using Morphometric and Histochemical Methods on Rats Model

Öz

Objective: It’s known that neuroendocrine system are leading structures that respond to stress factors that cause various damages to the body. We aimed to investigate the morphological and histological changes that may occur in the rats’ adrenal glands with the model of chronic stress. Materials and Methods: 24 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups, 6 male or female rats each. In 14 days, no treatment was applied to the female and male control groups, while stress groups were subjected to chronic stress procedure. Weights of rats were weighed 3 times. After fixation, the adrenal glands undergoing routine histological procedures were embedded in paraffin. The sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, PAS and Masson Trichrome methods and examined histopathologically. Morphometric evaluation of sections with micrometric ocular, statistical analysis of all measurement results were performed. Results: While the weight of the female stress group decreased significantly compared to the control, the increase in weight in the male stress group was’nt significant compared to the control group. In addition, there was a significant increase in cortex thickness in both the female and male stress groups compared to their own controls. Nuclear and cytoplasmic degenerations, adrenocortical hyperplasia, macrophages, sinusoidal dilatation and connective tissue increase were observed in the stress groups’ adrenal glands. Conclusion: Chronic stress can cause weight loss in females, thickening in the cortex of males and females, and cellular degenerations

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chronic stress
• rat
• adrenal gland
• adrenal hyperplasia
• volume
• morphometry

Kronik Stresin Adrenal Bez Üzerine Etkilerinin Morfometrik ve Histokimyasal Yöntemlerle Sıçan Modeli Üzerinde Araştırılması

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Vücuda çeşitli hasarlar veren stres faktörlerine karşı organizmada yanıt oluşturan yapıların başında nöroendokrin sistemin geldiği bilinmektedir. Biz de sıçanlarda kronik stres modeliyle adrenal bezlerde oluşabilecek morfolojik ve histolojik değişiklikleri araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: 24 Sprague Dawley sıçan, her birinde 6'şar erkek veya dişi sıçan olan 4 gruba ayrıldı. 14 gün, dişi ve erkek kontrol gruplarına hiçbir uygulama yapılmazken, stres gruplarına kronik stres prosedürü uygulandı. Sıçanların ağırlıkları 3 kez tartıldı. Fiksasyondan sonra rutin histolojik işlemlerden geçirilen adrenal bezler parafine gömüldü. Alınan kesitler Hematoksilen-Eozin, PAS ve Masson Trikrom yöntemleriyle boyanarak histopatolojik açıdan incelendi. Mikrometrik okülerle kesitlerin morfometrik değerlendirmesi yapılarak tüm ölçüm sonuçlarının istatistiksel analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Dişi stres grubunun ağırlığı kontrole kıyasla anlamlı derecede azalırken, erkek stres grubundaki ağırlık artışı kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı bulunmadı. Ayrıca hem dişi hem de erkek stres gruplarının korteks kalınlığında, kendi kontrollerine kıyasla anlamlı bir artış mevcuttu. Stres gruplarının adrenal bezlerinde nükleer ve sitoplazmik dejenerasyonlar, adrenokortikal hiperplazi, makrofajlar, sinüzoidlerde dilatasyon ve bağ dokusunda artış gözlendi. Sonuç: Kronik stres dişilerde kilo kaybına, erkek ve dişilerde kortekste kalınlaşmaya ve hücresel dejenerasyonlara sebep olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sıçan
• adrenal bez
• adrenal hiperplazi
• hacim
• morfometri
• kronik stres

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