BALB/c Tipi Fare Embriyolarında Gelişen Nefronda Juxtaglomerular Aparatus Hücrelerinin Farklılaşmaları

Yıl 2021, , 395 - 404, 30.09.2021

Beyhan Gürcü , Sabire Karaçalı

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.827212

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmada BALB/c tipi fare embriyolarında nefron gelişmesi ve bu süreç sırasında juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) hücrelerinin farklılaşmaları incelenmiştir. Kalın ve ince epon kesitler sırasıyla ışık mikroskobu (IM) ve geçirimli elektron mikroskobu (TEM) ile incelenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nefron gelişmesi nefrojenik kesenin virgül şekilli yapı, S-şekilli yapı, prekapiller, olgunlaşmamış glomerulus ve olgunlaşmış glomerulus safhalarını geçmesiyle tamamlanır. JGA, IM düzeyinde nefron gelişmesinin olgunlaşmış glomerulus evresinde ayırt edilir. TEM gözlemlerine göre JGA’ yı oluşturan jukstaglomerular (JG) hücreler ile macula densa (MD) hücrelerinin farklılaşmalarına dair işaretler daha erken, prekapiller evrede görülür. Prekapiller evrede JG hücreleri karakterize eden gelişmiş Golgi sahaları içinde çok sayıda elektronca az yoğun küçük kesecikler ile az sayıda elektronca yoğun iri renin granülleri görülür. Olgunlaşmış glomerulus evresinde JG hücrelerdeki elektronca yoğun iri granüllerin sayısı artar. MD hücrelerinin farklılaşmalarını prekapiller evrede apikal yüzlerinde primer silia şekillenmesi işaret eder. Olgunlaşmış glomerulus evresinde MD hücrelerinin bazal ve lateral yüzlerinde derin zar katlanmaları şekillenir. Bu bölgelerde çok sayıda irileşmiş mitokondriler yer alır.
Bulgular: Renin-Angiotensin sistemin düzenlenmesinde mutlak rol oynayan JG hücreler ile MD hücreleri prekapiller evrede, nefron gelişmesi tamamlanmadan ve kan damarları şekillenmeden önce farklılaşırlar.
Sonuç: JGA hücrelerinin bu kadar erken farklılaşmaları renin-anjiotensin sisteminin hem böbrek gelişmesi ve hem de genel embriyo gelişmesindeki önemini işaret eder.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Makula Densa Hücresi, Jukstaglomerüler hücre, Geçirmeli Elektron Mikroskobu, Fare Embriyosu

Differentiation of Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Cells in Developing Nephrons in BALB /c Type Mouse Embryos

Öz

Objective: This study examined the development of nephrons and the differentiation of juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) cells in BALB/c type mouse embryos. Thick and thin epon sections were investigated by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively.
Materials and Methods: Nephron development is completed by passing through the nephrogenic vesicles in the respected stages of comma shape body, S-shape body, precapillary, immature glomerular, and mature glomerular stage. JGA is distinguished in the mature glomerular stage of nephron development at LM level. According to TEM observations, signs of differentiation of juxtaglomerular (JG) cells and macula densa (MD) cells forming JGA are seen earlier, in precapillary stage. In developed Golgi fields that characterize JG cells, large number of electron lucent small vesicles and small number of electron dense large renin granules are seen in the precapillary stage. In the mature glomerulus, the number of electron dense large granules increases in JG cells. The differentiation of MD cells is indicated by the formation of primary cilia on their apical faces in precapillary stage. Deep membrane folds are formed in the basal and lateral faces of MD cells in the mature glomerular stage. There are many numbers of large mitochondria in these regions.
Results: JG and MD cells, which play an absolute role in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system are differentiated in precapillary stage before completion of nephron development and formation of blood vessels.
Conclusion: Such early differentiation of JGA cells suggests that the renin-angiotensin system is important both in the development of the kidney and in the total development of embryo.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Macula Densa Cell, Juxtaglomerular Cell, Transmission Electron Microscope, Mouse Embryo

Kaynakça

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