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A Comparative Analysis of Materialism as a False Ideal in Guy de Maupassant’s The Necklace and O.Henry’s The Gift of the Magi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 87 - 97, 25.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.30804/cesmicihan.1724699

Öz

This comparative study on materialism deals with The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant and The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry respectively. As a literary term, materialism focuses on how some changes in the economy and society affect people. In these stories, it is pointed out that the desires of the characters are highly directed by the communal conditions in which they live. Mathilde in The Necklace comes from a lower-class family and her ambitions to get a higher position led her to give more importance to material belongings rather than sincere relations. Similarly, Jim and Della in The Gift of the Magi suffer from poverty, and they instinctively feel obliged to sacrifice their precious belongings to purchase presents for each other. In other words, these stories harshly criticize the capitalist system and its effect on material possessions by signifying the importance of empathy and compassion for a happier world. In this respect, the purpose of this article is to show how materialism is represented as a false ideal that leads to individual sacrifice and profound irony by uncovering the deeper value of love and selflessness over material prosperity in the selected short stories.

Etik Beyan

Etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok.

Proje Numarası

Yok.

Kaynakça

  • Belk, Russell W. “Materialism: Trait Aspects of Living in the Material World”. Journal of Consumer Research (1985). 12(3): 265–280.
  • Belk, Russell W. “Material Values in the Comics: A Content Analysis of Comic Books Featuring Themes of Wealth. Journal of Consumer Research (1987). 14(1): 26–42.
  • Browne, Beverly A., & Kaldenberg, Dennis O. “Conceptualizing Self-monitoring: Links to Materialism and Product Involvement”. Journal of Consumer Marketing (1997). 14(1): 31-45.
  • Chan, Kara & Prendergast, Gerard. “Materialism and Social Comparison Among Adolescents.” Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal (2007). 35(2): 213-228.
  • Chang, LinChiat & Arkin, Robert M. “Materialism as an Attempt to Cope with Uncertainty.” Psychology & Marketing (2002). 19(5): 389-406.
  • Doğan, Volkan & Torlak, Ömer. “The Relationship Between Symbolic Money Meanings and Materialism”. Business and Economics Research Journal (2014). 5(2): 1-17.
  • Eagleton, Teery. Marxism and Literary Criticism. Routledge, 2013.
  • Henry, Olivier. 100 Selected Short Stories. “The Gift of the Magi”. Kent: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1995.
  • Kulikoff, Allan. “The Transition to Capitalism in Rural America”. The William and Mary Quarterly (1989). 46(1): 120–144.
  • Maupassant, Guy De. “The Necklace (La Parure)”, Le Gaulois Newspapers. France: Le Henderson, A. E., McMaster, Gaulois. A.C. & Quesada, L.C.G. (English Trans.). The Necklace. Complete Original Short Stories of Guy De MaupassantUS: the Project . Gutenberg, 1884.
  • Morris, William. The Grollier International Dictionary. Danbury, CT: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1981.
  • Moschis, George P. & Churchill, Gilbert A. “Consumer Socialization: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis” Journal of Marketing Research (1978). 15(4): 599-609.
  • Murphy, Patricia L. “The Commodifled Self in Consumer Culture: A Cross-Cultural Perspective”. The Journal of Social Psychology (2000). 140(5): 636-647.
  • Richards, Lyn. Handling Qualitative Data: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2009.
  • Richins, Marsha L. & Dawson, Scott. “A Consumer Values Orientation for Materialism and its Measurement: Scale Development and Validation.” Journal of Consumer Research, (1992). 19(3): 303-316.
  • Runciman, Walter Garrison “False Consciousness.” Philosophy (1909). 44:170: 303-13.
  • Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today. Taylor & Francis, 2006.

Guy de Maupassant'ın The Necklace ve O.Henry'nin The Gift of the Magi Adlı Eserlerinde Yanlış Bir İdeal Olan Materyalizmin Mukayeseli Bir Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 87 - 97, 25.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.30804/cesmicihan.1724699

Öz

Materyalizm üzerine yapılan bu mukayeseli çalışma, sırasıyla Guy de Maupassant'ın The Necklace ve O. Henry'nin The Gift of the Magi eserlerini ele almaktadır. Edebi bir terim olarak materyalizm, ekonomi ve toplumdaki bazı köklü değişikliklerin insanları nasıl etkilediğini göstermektedir. Seçilen bu kısa öykülerde karakterlerin arzularının büyük ölçüde içinde yaşadıkları toplumsal koşullar tarafından yönlendirildiğine dikkat çekilmektedir. The Necklace adlı birinci hikayedeki Mathilde alt sınıf bir aileden gelmektedir ve daha yüksek bir mevkiye ulaşma hırsı onu samimi ilişkilerden ziyade maddi eşyalara daha fazla önem vermeye sevk etmektedir. Benzer şekilde, ikinci hikâye olan The Gift of the Magi'deki Jim ve Della yoksul karakterlerdir ve içgüdüsel olarak birbirlerine hediye almak için değerli eşyalarını feda etmek zorunda hissetmektedirler. Yani bu hikayeler, daha mutlu bir dünya için empati ve şefkatin önemine işaret ederek, kapitalist sistemi ve onun maddi mülkiyet üzerindeki etkisini sert bir şekilde eleştirmektedir. Bu bakımdan makalenin amacı, seçilen kısa öykülerde maddi refahtan ziyade sevgi ve özverinin daha derin değerini açığa çıkararak, materyalizmin nasıl bireysel fedakarlığa ve derin bir ironiye yol açan yanlış bir ideal olarak temsil edildiğini göstermektir.

Proje Numarası

Yok.

Kaynakça

  • Belk, Russell W. “Materialism: Trait Aspects of Living in the Material World”. Journal of Consumer Research (1985). 12(3): 265–280.
  • Belk, Russell W. “Material Values in the Comics: A Content Analysis of Comic Books Featuring Themes of Wealth. Journal of Consumer Research (1987). 14(1): 26–42.
  • Browne, Beverly A., & Kaldenberg, Dennis O. “Conceptualizing Self-monitoring: Links to Materialism and Product Involvement”. Journal of Consumer Marketing (1997). 14(1): 31-45.
  • Chan, Kara & Prendergast, Gerard. “Materialism and Social Comparison Among Adolescents.” Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal (2007). 35(2): 213-228.
  • Chang, LinChiat & Arkin, Robert M. “Materialism as an Attempt to Cope with Uncertainty.” Psychology & Marketing (2002). 19(5): 389-406.
  • Doğan, Volkan & Torlak, Ömer. “The Relationship Between Symbolic Money Meanings and Materialism”. Business and Economics Research Journal (2014). 5(2): 1-17.
  • Eagleton, Teery. Marxism and Literary Criticism. Routledge, 2013.
  • Henry, Olivier. 100 Selected Short Stories. “The Gift of the Magi”. Kent: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1995.
  • Kulikoff, Allan. “The Transition to Capitalism in Rural America”. The William and Mary Quarterly (1989). 46(1): 120–144.
  • Maupassant, Guy De. “The Necklace (La Parure)”, Le Gaulois Newspapers. France: Le Henderson, A. E., McMaster, Gaulois. A.C. & Quesada, L.C.G. (English Trans.). The Necklace. Complete Original Short Stories of Guy De MaupassantUS: the Project . Gutenberg, 1884.
  • Morris, William. The Grollier International Dictionary. Danbury, CT: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1981.
  • Moschis, George P. & Churchill, Gilbert A. “Consumer Socialization: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis” Journal of Marketing Research (1978). 15(4): 599-609.
  • Murphy, Patricia L. “The Commodifled Self in Consumer Culture: A Cross-Cultural Perspective”. The Journal of Social Psychology (2000). 140(5): 636-647.
  • Richards, Lyn. Handling Qualitative Data: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2009.
  • Richins, Marsha L. & Dawson, Scott. “A Consumer Values Orientation for Materialism and its Measurement: Scale Development and Validation.” Journal of Consumer Research, (1992). 19(3): 303-316.
  • Runciman, Walter Garrison “False Consciousness.” Philosophy (1909). 44:170: 303-13.
  • Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today. Taylor & Francis, 2006.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Samet Guven 0000-0001-6883-5109

Proje Numarası Yok.
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 22 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Temmuz 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 2 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Guven, Samet. “A Comparative Analysis of Materialism As a False Ideal in Guy De Maupassant’s The Necklace and O.Henry’s The Gift of the Magi”. Çeşm-i Cihan: Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi E-Dergisi 12/1 (Temmuz 2025), 87-97. https://doi.org/10.30804/cesmicihan.1724699.

Creative Commons Lisansı
Çeşm-i Cihan: Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları E-Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.

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