Research Article
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Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution

Year 2024, Volume: 73 Issue: 4, 1050 - 1071
https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744

Abstract

The generalized normal (GN) distribution was defined as a generalization of the normal, Laplace, and uniform distributions, with extensive application areas modeling different data settings. At the same time, its maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) are biased in finite samples. Since such biases may affect the accuracy of estimates, we consider constructing unbiased estimators for unknown parameters of GN distribution. This article adopts the bias-corrected approach, following the analytical methodology suggested by Cox and Snell [1]. Additionally, we explore both regular biases and parametric Bootstrap bias correction techniques. A comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to compare the performances of these estimators in estimating GN parameters. Finally, a real data example is presented to illustrate the application of methods.

Supporting Institution

Giresun University, Grnat number: FEN-BAP-A-090323-15

Thanks

We are grateful for the support provided by Giresun University (Grant number: FEN-BAP-A-090323-15) through its Type A project of Scientific Research and Development Projects. Additionally, we thank two anonymous referees and the associate editor for their valuable comments and suggestions, which have greatly improved the paper.

References

  • Cox, D. R., Snell, E. J., A general definition of residuals, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 30(2) (1968), 248-265. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2517-6161.1968.tb00724.x
  • Briasouli, A., Tsakalides, P., Stouraitis, A., Hidden messages in heavy tails: DCT-Domain watermark detection using AlphaStable models, IEEE Trans, 7(4) (2005), 700-715. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2005.850970
  • Kokkinakis, K., Nandi, A., Exponent parameter estimation for generalized Gaussian probability density functions with application to speech modeling, Signal Processing, 85 (2005), 1852-1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2005.02.017
  • Sharifi, K., Leon-Garcia, A., Estimation of shape parameter for generalized Gaussian distributions in subband decompositions of video, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 5(1) (1995), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.1109/76.350779
  • Choi, S., Cichocki, A., Amari, S., Flexible independent component analysis. In Neural Networks for Signal Processing 8, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, (1998), 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008135131269
  • Wu, H. C., Principe, J., Minimum entropy algorithm for source separation, In 1998 Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Notre Dame, USA, (1998), 242-245. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1998.759478
  • Subbotin, M. T., On the Law of Frequency of Error, Maths Books, 31(2) (1923), 206-301. http://mi.mathnet.ru/sm6854
  • Nadarajah, S., A generalized normal distribution, Journal of Applied Statistics, 32(7) (2005), 685-694. https://doi.org/10.1080/02664760500079464
  • Varanasi, M. K., Aazhang, B., Parametric generalized Gaussian density estimation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 86(4) (1989), 1404-1415. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398700
  • Roenko, A. A., Lukin, V. V., Djurovc, I., Simeunovic, M., Estimation of parameters for generalized Gaussian distribution, In 2014 6th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), IEEE, (2014), 376-379. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCCSP.2014.6877892
  • Eskin, E. N., Joint Modelling of the Location and Scale Parameters of the Generalized Normal Distribution, Master’s Thesis, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey, (2022).
  • Eskin, E. N., Doğru, F. Z., A heteroscedastic regression model with the generalized normal distribution, Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, in press, 42(5) (2024), 1480-1489. https://sigma.yildiz.edu.tr/article/1673 doi:10.14744/sigma.2024.00114
  • Efron, B., The jackknife, the bootstrap and other resampling plans, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, (1982). https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611970319
  • Efron, B., Tibshirani, R. J., An Introduction to the Bootstrap, Volume 57 of Monographs on Statistics and Applied Probability, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429246593
  • Cordeiro, G. M., Da Rocha, E. C., Da Rocha, J. G. C., Cribari-Neto, F., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation for the beta distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 58(1) (1997), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949659708811820
  • Saha, K., Paul, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimator of the negative binomial dispersion parameter, Biometrics, 61(1) (2005), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2005.030833.x
  • Lemonte, A. J., Cribari-Neto, F., Vasconcellos, K. L., Improved statistical inference for the two-parameter Birnbaum–Saunders distribution, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 51(9) (2007), 4656-4681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2006.08.016
  • Giles, D. E., Feng, H., Bias of the maximum likelihood estimators of the two-parameter gamma distribution revisited, Econometrics Working Paper EWP0906, Department of Economics, University of Victoria, 2009. https://ideas.repec.org/p/vic/vicewp/0908.html
  • Lemonte, A. J., Improved point estimation for the Kumaraswamy distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 81(12) (2011), 1971-1982. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2010.511621
  • Giles, D. E., A note on improved estimation for the Topp-Leone distribution, Econometrics Working Paper EWP1203, Department of Economics, University of Victoria, 2012. https://ideas.repec.org/p/vic/vicewp/1703.html
  • Giles, D. E., Feng, H., Godwin, R. T., On the bias of the maximum likelihood estimator for the two-parameter Lomax distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 42(11) (2013), 1934-1950. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2011.600506
  • Schwartz, J., Godwin, R. T., Giles, D. E., Improved maximum-likelihood estimation of the shape parameter in the Nakagami distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 83(3) (2013), 434-445. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2011.615316
  • Zhang, G., Liu, R., Bias-corrected estimators of scalar skew normal, In New Developments in Statistical Modeling, Inference and Application, Springer, Cham, (2016), 203-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42571-9_11
  • Schwartz, J., Giles, D. E., Bias-reduced maximum likelihood estimation of the zero-inflated Poisson distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 45(2) (2016), 465-478. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2013.824590
  • Wang, M., Wang, W., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the weighted Lindley distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 46(1) (2017), 530-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2014.970696
  • Reath, J., Dong, J., Wang, M., Improved parameter estimation of the log-logistic distribution with applications, Computational Statistics, 33(1) (2018), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-017-0738-y
  • Mazucheli, J., Dey, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the generalized half-normal distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 88(6) (2018), 1027-1038. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2017.1413649
  • Mazucheli, J., Menezes, A. F. B., Dey, S., Improved maximum-likelihood estimators for the parameters of the unit-gamma distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 47(15) (2018), 3767-3778. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2017.1361993
  • Mazucheli, J., Menezes, A. F. B., Dey, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the inverse Weibull distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 48(7) (2019), 2046-2055. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2018.1433838
  • Menezes, A. F. B., Mazucheli, J., Improved maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the Johnson SB distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 49(6) (2020), 1511-1526. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2018.1498892
  • Menezes, A., Mazucheli, J., Alqallaf, F., Ghitany, M. E., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the Unit-Weibull distribution, Austrian Journal of Statistics, 50(3) (2021), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v50i3.1023
  • Cordeiro, G. M., Klein, R., Bias correction in ARMA models, Statistics and Probability Letters, 19(3) (1994), 169-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7152(94)90100-7
  • Cribari-Neto, F., Vasconcellos, K. L., Nearly unbiased maximum likelihood estimation for the beta distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 72(2) (2002), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949650212144
Year 2024, Volume: 73 Issue: 4, 1050 - 1071
https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744

Abstract

References

  • Cox, D. R., Snell, E. J., A general definition of residuals, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 30(2) (1968), 248-265. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2517-6161.1968.tb00724.x
  • Briasouli, A., Tsakalides, P., Stouraitis, A., Hidden messages in heavy tails: DCT-Domain watermark detection using AlphaStable models, IEEE Trans, 7(4) (2005), 700-715. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2005.850970
  • Kokkinakis, K., Nandi, A., Exponent parameter estimation for generalized Gaussian probability density functions with application to speech modeling, Signal Processing, 85 (2005), 1852-1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2005.02.017
  • Sharifi, K., Leon-Garcia, A., Estimation of shape parameter for generalized Gaussian distributions in subband decompositions of video, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 5(1) (1995), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.1109/76.350779
  • Choi, S., Cichocki, A., Amari, S., Flexible independent component analysis. In Neural Networks for Signal Processing 8, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, (1998), 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008135131269
  • Wu, H. C., Principe, J., Minimum entropy algorithm for source separation, In 1998 Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Notre Dame, USA, (1998), 242-245. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1998.759478
  • Subbotin, M. T., On the Law of Frequency of Error, Maths Books, 31(2) (1923), 206-301. http://mi.mathnet.ru/sm6854
  • Nadarajah, S., A generalized normal distribution, Journal of Applied Statistics, 32(7) (2005), 685-694. https://doi.org/10.1080/02664760500079464
  • Varanasi, M. K., Aazhang, B., Parametric generalized Gaussian density estimation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 86(4) (1989), 1404-1415. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398700
  • Roenko, A. A., Lukin, V. V., Djurovc, I., Simeunovic, M., Estimation of parameters for generalized Gaussian distribution, In 2014 6th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), IEEE, (2014), 376-379. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCCSP.2014.6877892
  • Eskin, E. N., Joint Modelling of the Location and Scale Parameters of the Generalized Normal Distribution, Master’s Thesis, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey, (2022).
  • Eskin, E. N., Doğru, F. Z., A heteroscedastic regression model with the generalized normal distribution, Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, in press, 42(5) (2024), 1480-1489. https://sigma.yildiz.edu.tr/article/1673 doi:10.14744/sigma.2024.00114
  • Efron, B., The jackknife, the bootstrap and other resampling plans, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, (1982). https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611970319
  • Efron, B., Tibshirani, R. J., An Introduction to the Bootstrap, Volume 57 of Monographs on Statistics and Applied Probability, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429246593
  • Cordeiro, G. M., Da Rocha, E. C., Da Rocha, J. G. C., Cribari-Neto, F., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation for the beta distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 58(1) (1997), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949659708811820
  • Saha, K., Paul, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimator of the negative binomial dispersion parameter, Biometrics, 61(1) (2005), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2005.030833.x
  • Lemonte, A. J., Cribari-Neto, F., Vasconcellos, K. L., Improved statistical inference for the two-parameter Birnbaum–Saunders distribution, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 51(9) (2007), 4656-4681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2006.08.016
  • Giles, D. E., Feng, H., Bias of the maximum likelihood estimators of the two-parameter gamma distribution revisited, Econometrics Working Paper EWP0906, Department of Economics, University of Victoria, 2009. https://ideas.repec.org/p/vic/vicewp/0908.html
  • Lemonte, A. J., Improved point estimation for the Kumaraswamy distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 81(12) (2011), 1971-1982. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2010.511621
  • Giles, D. E., A note on improved estimation for the Topp-Leone distribution, Econometrics Working Paper EWP1203, Department of Economics, University of Victoria, 2012. https://ideas.repec.org/p/vic/vicewp/1703.html
  • Giles, D. E., Feng, H., Godwin, R. T., On the bias of the maximum likelihood estimator for the two-parameter Lomax distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 42(11) (2013), 1934-1950. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2011.600506
  • Schwartz, J., Godwin, R. T., Giles, D. E., Improved maximum-likelihood estimation of the shape parameter in the Nakagami distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 83(3) (2013), 434-445. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2011.615316
  • Zhang, G., Liu, R., Bias-corrected estimators of scalar skew normal, In New Developments in Statistical Modeling, Inference and Application, Springer, Cham, (2016), 203-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42571-9_11
  • Schwartz, J., Giles, D. E., Bias-reduced maximum likelihood estimation of the zero-inflated Poisson distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 45(2) (2016), 465-478. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2013.824590
  • Wang, M., Wang, W., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the weighted Lindley distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 46(1) (2017), 530-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2014.970696
  • Reath, J., Dong, J., Wang, M., Improved parameter estimation of the log-logistic distribution with applications, Computational Statistics, 33(1) (2018), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-017-0738-y
  • Mazucheli, J., Dey, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the generalized half-normal distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 88(6) (2018), 1027-1038. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2017.1413649
  • Mazucheli, J., Menezes, A. F. B., Dey, S., Improved maximum-likelihood estimators for the parameters of the unit-gamma distribution, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 47(15) (2018), 3767-3778. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2017.1361993
  • Mazucheli, J., Menezes, A. F. B., Dey, S., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the inverse Weibull distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 48(7) (2019), 2046-2055. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2018.1433838
  • Menezes, A. F. B., Mazucheli, J., Improved maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the Johnson SB distribution, Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 49(6) (2020), 1511-1526. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2018.1498892
  • Menezes, A., Mazucheli, J., Alqallaf, F., Ghitany, M. E., Bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the Unit-Weibull distribution, Austrian Journal of Statistics, 50(3) (2021), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v50i3.1023
  • Cordeiro, G. M., Klein, R., Bias correction in ARMA models, Statistics and Probability Letters, 19(3) (1994), 169-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7152(94)90100-7
  • Cribari-Neto, F., Vasconcellos, K. L., Nearly unbiased maximum likelihood estimation for the beta distribution, Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 72(2) (2002), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949650212144
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Statistical Theory, Probability Theory
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hasan Hüseyin Gül 0000-0001-9905-8605

Fatma Zehra Doğru 0000-0001-8220-2375

Publication Date
Submission Date February 19, 2024
Acceptance Date September 17, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 73 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gül, H. H., & Doğru, F. Z. (n.d.). Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics, 73(4), 1050-1071. https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744
AMA Gül HH, Doğru FZ. Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution. Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Ser. A1 Math. Stat. 73(4):1050-1071. doi:10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744
Chicago Gül, Hasan Hüseyin, and Fatma Zehra Doğru. “Bias Corrected Maximum Likelihood Estimators for the Parameters of the Generalized Normal Distribution”. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics 73, no. 4 n.d.: 1050-71. https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744.
EndNote Gül HH, Doğru FZ Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics 73 4 1050–1071.
IEEE H. H. Gül and F. Z. Doğru, “Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution”, Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Ser. A1 Math. Stat., vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 1050–1071, doi: 10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744.
ISNAD Gül, Hasan Hüseyin - Doğru, Fatma Zehra. “Bias Corrected Maximum Likelihood Estimators for the Parameters of the Generalized Normal Distribution”. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics 73/4 (n.d.), 1050-1071. https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744.
JAMA Gül HH, Doğru FZ. Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution. Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Ser. A1 Math. Stat.;73:1050–1071.
MLA Gül, Hasan Hüseyin and Fatma Zehra Doğru. “Bias Corrected Maximum Likelihood Estimators for the Parameters of the Generalized Normal Distribution”. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics, vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 1050-71, doi:10.31801/cfsuasmas.1439744.
Vancouver Gül HH, Doğru FZ. Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution. Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Ser. A1 Math. Stat. 73(4):1050-71.

Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics.

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