Measurement of Heavy Metal Concentrations of Marine Sediments in Yalova Section of Marmara Sea By LIBS Method And Evaluation of Pollution By Principal Component Analysis

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 101 - 117, 30.03.2022

Zeki Ünal Yümün , Hızır Aslıyüksek , Murat Mücahit Yentür , Melike Önce

https://doi.org/10.55205/joctensa.11202233

Öz

The wastes formed as a result of increasing settlements, industrial establishments, agricultural activities and shipping activities on the shores of the Marmara Sea cause the pollution of the Sea of Marmara. Although the pollution in seawater is diluted in a short time by waves and water currents, heavy metals and other pollutants that precipitate chemically and physically create permanent pollution in the sediments. Heavy metal concentrations in Yalova and its surroundings were analyzed by LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) method in order to control the pollution in this region. In the analyzes made, the percent availability of heavy metals in the sediments was evaluated. With Principal Component Analysis (PCA), heavy metal contamination levels caused by domestic and industrial wastes in the sediments were analyzed and the results were interpreted. The high levels of Ca, Na, Mg elements in the region depend on the presence of carbonate rocks in the region. The presence of Fe, Al and some trace elements is due to the prevalence of volcanic and magmatic rocks in the region. The fact that the elements with high economic value such as Al, Ag and Ti are especially high in Core 1-6 is due to the granitic rocks outcropping in the eastern part of the study area where the samples were taken in, and it is an indication of the existence of important mineral mineralizations in the region. This situation shows that heavy metal pollution in the marine environment consists of both anthropogenic and natural sources.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sea Sediment, LIBS, PCA, Marmara Sea, Yalova

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval is not required for the study.

Marmara Denizi Yalova Kesiminde Deniz Sedimentlerinin Ağır Metal Konsantrasyonlarının Libs Yöntemi ile Ölçülmesi ve Kirliliğin Temel Bileşen Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Marmara Denizi’nin kıyılarında artan yerleşim yerleri, sanayi kuruluşları, tarımsal faaliyetler ve gemicilik faaliyetleri sonucu oluşan atıklar, Marmara Denizi’nin kirlenmesine neden olmaktadır. Deniz suyunda meydana gelen kirlilikler dalga ve su akımlarıyla kısa zaman içinde seyrelse de kimyasal ve fiziksel olarak tabana çökelen ağır metal ve diğer kirleticiler sedimentlerde kalıcı kirlilikler meydana getirirler. Yalova ve çevresinde oluşan kirliliklerin kontrol altına alınabilmesi açısından bu bölgede ağır metal konsantrasyonları LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde sedimentlere karışmış ağır metallerin yüzde olarak bulunabilirlikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Temel Bileşen Analizi (PCA) ile de sedimentlerde evsel ve endüstriyel atıkların neden olduğu ağır metal kontaminasyon seviyeleri analiz edilerek sonuçları yorumlanmıştır. Ca, Na, Mg elementlerinin bölgede yüksek oranlarda bulunması, bölgedeki karbonatlı kayaların varlığına bağlıdır. Fe, Al ve diğer eser elementler ise volkanik ve magmatik kayaların bölgede yaygın olmasından ileri gelmektedir. Al, Ag ve Ti gibi ekonomik değeri yüksek elementlerin özellikle Core 1-6’da yüksek olması bölgedeki granitik kayalara bağlı olup, bölgede önemli maden cevherleşmelerinin varlığına bir işarettir. Bu durum denizel ortamda oluşan ağır metal kirliliklerinin hem antropojenik hem de doğal kaynaklardan oluştuğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deniz sedimenti, LIBS, PCA, Marmara Sea, Yalova

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval is not required for the study.

Kaynakça

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