ABD’nin Biden dönemi Çin Politikası: Asya’ya Dönüş 2.0?

Year 2020, , 232 - 248, 31.12.2020

Emre Demir

https://doi.org/10.38154/cjas.49

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Biden yönetiminin, Trump yönetiminin ABD’nin çıkarlarını önceleyen “Önce Amerika” yaklaşımını terk ederek, ABD’nin hem Çin karşısında hem de küresel meselelerde müttefik ve ortakları ile daha uyumlu hareket edebileceği, çok taraflı mekanizmaları devreye sokabileceği, Çin ile ikili ilişkilerinde özellikle insan hakları meselelerini öne çıkaracağı, bununla birlikte Çin’in aktif desteğine ihtiyaç duyduğu küresel sorunlarda da Pekin ile iş birliği yapabileceği bir strateji geliştireceğini savunmaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca Biden yönetiminin Obama’nın Asya’ya Dönüş stratejisi ile Trump’ın Serbest ve Açık Hint-Pasifik stratejisinin birleşiminden meydana gelen yeni bir Asya-Hint-Pasifik stratejisi izleyeceğini öngörmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışma dört kısımdan oluşmaktadır. İlk kısımda Obama yönetiminin Çin ve Asya Pasifik politikası, Asya’ya Dönüş (Pivot to Asia) stratejisi bağlamında ele alınmaktadır. İkinci kısımda Trump yönetiminin Çin politikası, Hint-Pasifik stratejisi çerçevesinde kısaca incelenmektedir. Üçüncü kısımda Biden yönetiminin Çin’e yaklaşımı ve muhtemel Çin politikası değerlendirilmektedir. Son olarak, sonuç kısmında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır.

Keywords

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), Çin, Asya Pasifik, Asya’ya Dönüş stratejisi, Serbest ve Açık Hint-Pasifik Stratejisi, Joe Biden

US’s Biden era China policy: Pivot to Asia 2.0?

Abstract

This study suggests that the Biden administration will abandon the Trump administration’s "America First" approach that prioritizes the interests of the United States and develop a strategy that will allow the United States to act more harmoniously with its allies and partners both against China and on global issues, to activate multilateral mechanisms, to highlight human rights issues in its bilateral relations with China while at the same time to act in cooperation with Beijing on global issues where China’s active support is needed. Furthermore, it claims that the Biden administration will most likely adopt a new Asia-Indo-Pacific strategy, consisting of a combination Obama’s Pivot to Asia strategy with Trump’s Free and Open Indo-Pacific strategy. In this framework, the study consists of four parts. In the first part, within the context of the Pivot to Asia strategy, the Obama administration’s China and Asia Pacific policy is discussed. In the second part, within the framework of Indo-Pacific strategy, the Trump administration’s policy on China is briefly examined. In the third part, the Biden administration’s approach to China and possible China policy is evaluated. Finally, in the conclusion part, a general evaluation is made.

Keywords

United States of America (USA), China, Asia-Pacific, Pivot to Asia strategy, Free and Open Indo-Pacific strategy, Joe Biden

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