Yalın Üretim, Altı Sigma ve Endüstri 4.0 Kullanımının İşletmelerin Kârlılığı Üzerine Etkisi: BIST XMESY Endeksinde Bir Araştırma

Öz

Rekabet avantajı sağlamak isteyen işletmeler, üretim yönetimi alanında maliyetleri minimize etmek için önemli çalışmalar yapmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmalar içinden güncelliğini ve geçerliliğini koruyan uygulamalardan bazıları, yalın üretim, 6 sigma ve endüstri 4.0 yöntemleridir. Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren işletmeler adı geçen bu modern üretim uygulamalarının hiç birisine öncülük etmemiş olsa da iyi uygulamaları takip ederek rekabet etmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu nedenden dolayı, Türkiye’deki işletmeler rekabeti yaratan değil rekabete dahil olmaya çalışan bir tutum içindedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren ve Borsa İstanbul Metal Eşya Makine Elektrikli Cihazlar ve Ulaşım Araçları endeksinde işlem gören sanayi şirketlerinde yalın üretim, Altı Sigma ve Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarının kullanılmasının işletmelerin kârlılığı üzerine etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada otuz iki şirketin mali tabloları incelenmiş olup, modern üretim uygulamalarının kullanım durumu ile ilgili bilgiler, faaliyet raporlarından, medyadan ve telefon görüşmelerinden öğrenilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Metal Eşya Makine Elektrikli Cihazlar ve Ulaşım Araçları endeksinde işlem gören sanayi şirketlerinde modern üretim uygulamalarını kullanan işletmelerin, önemli bir rekabet avantajı elde ettiği tespit edilmiş olup özsermayenin aktif kârlılığa etkisi gözlemlenmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yalın Üretim
• Endüstri 4.0
• 6 Sigma
• Finansal Performans

The Effect of Lean Manufacturing, Six Sigma, and Industry 4.0 Utilization on the Profitability of Enterprises: A Research in the BIST XMESY Index

Öz

Important applications have been carried out in operations management to provide a competitive advantage by minimizing costs. Among these applications, lean manufacturing, 6 Sigma, and industry 4.0 methods are the ones that remain up-to-date and valid. Although the enterprises operating in Turkey have not pioneered modern production practices, they try to compete by following good practices. For this reason, enterprises in Turkey are in an attitude that tries to be included in the competition rather than creating competition. In this study, the effect of the use of lean production, Six Sigma, and Industry 4.0 practices on the profitability of industrial companies operating in Turkey and traded in the Borsa Istanbul Metal Goods Machinery Electrical Equipment and Transportation Vehicles index is investigated. The financial statements of thirty-two companies are analyzed, and whether modern production practices were used or not was obtained from annual reports, media, and telephone interviews. According to the results revealed, it has been determined that enterprises using modern production practices in their production facilities have gained a significant competitive advantage. In addition, the effect of equity on active profitability has not been observed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lean Manuacturing
• Industry 4.0
• Financial Performance
• 6 Sigma

Kaynakça

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