Reflection of Violence in Health to Physicians, Its Effect on Anxiety and Depression Levels

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 775 - 782, 30.09.2024

Lütfi Saltuk Demir , Mehtap Yücel , Rabia Çandır

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1413588

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of violence on health and the effect of violence on anxiety and depression levels in physicians.
Methods: 442 physicians working in internal medicine and surgery departments were included in this cross-sectional study. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27.0.
Results: It was found that 63.1% of the physicians were exposed to violence from patients/patient relatives. Anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher among those exposed to violence and those who reported that health-related violence negatively affected their approach to patients.
Conclusions: All forms of violence experienced by research assistants, who play an important role in the provision of health care, in the course of their work have a negative impact on their professional and social lives.

Keywords

Residency, violence in health, depression, anxiety, hospital anxiety and depression scale

Ethical Statement

Written permission to conduct the study was obtained from the Non-Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Ethics Committee of Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty (Decision No. 2023/4125) and the Chief Physician of Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty Hospital.

References

• Butchart A, Mikton C, Dahlberg LL, Krug EG. Global status report on violence prevention 2014. World Health Organization. 2015; 21(3): 213. DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041640.
• Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, Zwi AB. The world report on violence and health. The lancet. 2002; 360(9339): 1083-1088. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11133-0.
• Shi L, Li G, Hao J, Wang W, Chen W, Liu S, Yu Z, Shi Y, Ma Y, Fan L, Zhang L, Han X. depletion in physicians and nurses exposed to workplace violence: A cross-sectional study using propensity scoreanalysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2020; 103:103493. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103493
• Taquette SR, Monteiro Maia LD. Causes and consequences of adolescent dating violence: A systematic review. J Inj Violence Res. 2019; 11(2): 137-147. DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1061.
• Atan Ünsal S, Dönmez S. Workplace violence against nurses. Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2011; 25(1): 71-80. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1772.1685
• World Health Organization. Preventing violence against health workers. Accessed [10 May 2023] https://www.who.int/activities/preventing-violence-against-health-workers.
• Sarcan E. Society’s perspective on violence against health care workers. Master’s thesis. Ankara: Gazi University; 2013.
• Davenport N, Schwartz RD, Elliot GP. Bullying: Emotional injury at work. Ömertoy OC. Istanbul: Sistem Publishing. 2003.
• Berlanda S, Pedrazza M, Fraizzoli M, de Cordova F. Addressing risks of violence against healthcare staff in emergency departments: The effects of job satisfaction and attachment style. BioMed research international. 2019; 1: 5430870. DOI:10.1155/2019/5430870.
• Uyar M, Yıldırım EN, Şahin TK. Determination of perspectives of violence on health workers of 18 years and older adults who apply to family health centres in Meram dıstrıct of Konya province. ESTUDAM Public Health Journal. 2020; 5(1): 113-120. DOI: 10.35232/estudamhsd.648576.
• Havaei F, Astivia OLO, MacPhee M. The impact of workplace violence on medical-surgical nurses’ health outcome: A moderated mediation model of work environment conditions and burnout using secondary data. International journal of nursing studies. 2020; 109: 103666. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103666.
• Camcı O, Kutlu Y. Determination of workplace violence toward gealth workers in Kocaeli. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2011;2(1): 9-16.
• Zigmond AS, Sanlth RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1983; 67: 361-370.
• Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry. 1997; 8:280-287.
• Gacki-Smith J, Juarez A, Boyett L, Homeyer C, Robinson L, MacLean SL. Violence against nurses working in US emergency departments. J Nurs Adm. 2009; 39(7-8): 340-349. DOI: 10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181ae97db.
• Abou El Wafa HS, El Gilany AH, Abd El Raouf SE, Abd Elmouty SM, El Sayed Hassan El Sayed R. Workplace violence against emergency versus non-emergency nurses in Mansoura University hospitals, Egypt. J Interpers Violence. 2015; 30(5):857-872. DOI: 10.1177/088.626.051453627.
• Lu L, Dong M, Wang SB, Zhang L, Ng CH, Ungvari GS, Li J, Xiang YT. Prevalence of workplace violence against health-care professionals in China: A comprehensive meta-analysis of observational surveys. Trauma, Violence & Abuse. 2020; 21(3): 498-509. DOI: 10.1177/152.483.8018774429.
• Ikiışık H, Yılmaz FK, Karacanoğlu A, Kadayif A, Güven İ, Özdemir GM, Taşdan H, Koç F, Evli Ç, Demirci İG, Maral I. Evaluation of research assistants’ exposure to violence in health care and their opinions on violence in health care. Abant Medical Journal. 2021; 10(1): 55-64. DOI: 10.47493/abantmedj.2021.33
• Er T, Ayoğlu F, Açıkgöz B. Violence against health care workers: Risk factors, impact, assessment and prevention. Turkish Journal of Public Health. 2021; 19(1): 69-78. DOI: 10.20518/tjph.680771.
• Köylü E, Kurtoğlu YK. Burnout syndrome and related factors among senior students and physicians at the Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University. The Journal of Turkish Family Physician. 2022; 13(1): 3-11. DOI: 10.15511/tjtfp.22.00103.
• Akkaya N. Evaluation of the well-being of research assistants working at Dokuz Eylül University Hospital. Master thesis. Izmir; Dokuz Eylul University.2018.
• Hamdan M, Abu Hamra A. Workplace violence towards workers in the emergency departments of Palestinian hospitals: A cross-sectional study. Human resources for health. 2015; 13(1): 1-9. DOI: 10.1186/s12960.015.0018-2.
• Behnam M, Tillotson RD, Davis SM, Hobbs GR. Violence in the emergency department: a national survey of emergency medicine residents and attending physicians. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2011; 40(5): 565-579. DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.11.007.
• Ozen Bekar E, Çevik E. Violence against health care workers in Düzce in the light of white code data. Journal of Düzce University Institute of Health Sciences. 2021; 11(3): 298-304. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289363.
• Gülpınar S, Bulut YE, Çıtıl R. Retrospective evaluation of white code files opened in Tokat province between 2012 and 2014. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2019; 13(2): 142-50. DOI: 10.21763/tjfmpc.569497.
• Bahar A, Şahin S, Akkaya Z, Alkayiş M. Examination of the exposure of nurses working in the emergency department to violence and the factors affecting job satisfaction. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2015; 6: 57-64. DOI: 10.5505/phd.2015.18189.
• Uskun E, Batmaz K, Aydın G. Violence against health care workers and related factors: The example of a research and practice hospital. MedJ SDU. 2022; 29(1): 23-35. DOI:10.17343/sdutfd.947513.
• Haider N, Ansari MSH, Anjum MZ, Nawaz A, Mustafa S, Qureshi MA. Violence and aggression towards health workers – a study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. P J M H S. 2020; 14(4): 964-966.
• Kornhaber R, Walsh K, Duff J, Walker KJ. Enhancing adult therapeutic interpersonal relationships in acute health care: An integrative review. J Multidiscipl Healthc. 2016; 9: 537-546. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S116957
• Naidoo T, Tomita A, Paruk S. Burnout, anxiety and depression risk in doctors working in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa: Evidence from a multi-site study of resourceconstrained public hospitals in a generalised HIV epidemic setting. PLoS One. 2020; 15(10): e0239753. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239753.
• Niewiadomska E, Łabuz-Roszak B, Pawłowski P, WypychŚlusarska A. Physical and mental well-being of physicians in the Silesian Voivodeship. International Journal of Environmental Studies and Public Health. 2022; 19(20): 13410. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013410.
• Marzouk M, Ouanes-Besbes L, Ouanes I, Hammouda Z, Dachraoui F, Abroug F. Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among medical residents in Tunisia: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(7): e020655. DOI:10.1136/ bmjopen-2017-020655.
• de Mélo Silva Júnior ML, Valença MM, Rocha-Filho PAS. Individual and residency programme factors associated with depression, anxiety and burnout in medical residents-a Brazilian survey. BMC Psychiatry. 2022; 22(1): 1-10. DOI: 10.1186/s12888.022.03916-0.
• Pınar T, Pınar G. Healthcare workers and workplace violence. TAF Prev Med Bull 2013; 12(3): 315-326. DOI: 10.5455/pmb.1-136.818.8150
• Yılmaz K. The frequency of exposure to violence of health workers in Adana province and their thoughts on violence in health. Master’s thesis. Adana: Çukurova University; 2020.