Gyges’in Sadyattes’i Tahttan İndirme Hikâyesi: Yeni Bir Gözden Geçirme

Year 2010, Issue: 9, 229 - 268, 01.06.2010

Muzaffer Demir

Abstract

Gyges’in Sadyattes’i tahtından indirmesiyle ilgili en erken kaynak, MÖ 1. yy’da yaşayan Damaskos’lu Nikolaos’un evren tarihiyle ilgili VI. kitabında geçmektedir. Bu kaynak günümüze Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos tarafından MS 10. yy’da yazılan bir özetten ulaşmıştır. Nikolaos ise aslında Lydia’lı Ksanthos’tan alıntı yapmaktadır1. Lydia’lıların kendilerine özgü bir yazı kullandıkları bilinmektedir ve kral listelerini de içine alan kendi tarihlerini yazıya geçirdiklerini söyleyebiliriz. Lydia’nın yerli tarihçisi Ksanthos büyük olasılıkla bu ana kaynaklardan yararlanarak MÖ 5. yy’ın ortalarında Lydiaka olarak adlandırılan dört kitaptan oluşan ve bu yerel kaynakların kullanıldığı geniş bir Lydia tarihi yazmıştır. Nikolaos’un Ksanthos’tan yaptığı alıntıların olduğu gibi aktarılıp aktarmadığı, onun tarihini özetleyip özetlemediği veya onun anlatımlarında küçük değişiklikler yapıp yapmadığını kesin olarak belirlemek zor gözükmektedir

Keywords

Lydia, Gyges, Sadyattes, Kandaules, Nikolaos Damaskos

The Story of Gyges’ Deposal of Sadyattes: An Overview

Abstract

There are four main stories in ancient literary sources concerning the story of the deposal of Sadyattes by Gyges; a summary of Nicolaus Damascenus, quoting from the Lydian historian Xanthus, a short information related by Plutarch and the texts of Herodotus and Plato which are the best known versions of the story. Nicolaus states that Gyges was going beyond in beauty and stature, impressive with respect to the art of war, best by far at everything compared to his age-mates, and he was particularly skillful in his use of arms and horses. Because of Gyges’ exceptional valor King Sadyattes took him as a bodyguard, and when the king decided to marry Tudo of Mysia, he ordered Gyges to escort her to Lydia. Gyges became fascinated with Tudo, and he made advances towards her; she later told the king, who decided to execute his guard.

Keywords

Lydia, Gyges, Sadyattes, Candaules, Nicolaus Damascenus

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