Assessment of Lead, Cadmium, Chrome, Iron, Zinc and Copper Levels in Tissues of Cyprinus carpio from Atatürk Dam Lake (Adıyaman)

Abstract

Atatürk Dam Lake, which was established on the Euphrates River for agricultural irrigation and electricity production, is the largest dam lake in Türkiye. Many fish species, which are the primary food source for humans, live in the dam lake. Therefore, possible pollution in this dam will adversely affect not only fish but also human health. For this purpose, in this study, lead, cadmium, chromium, iron, zinc, and copper levels were measured in the liver, gill, and muscle tissues of Cyprinus carpio, which was the food source of the local people, caught from two different regions (Sitilce and Samsat) of the dam lake in August and September in 2021. In our study, lead was not detected in any of the tissues and cadmium was not detected in gill and muscle tissues in fish from both regions. It was found that the levels of all metals found in the fish of the Sitilce region were not statistically different from the fish of the Samsat region (except the liver iron level). Our research results showed that the heavy metal levels in the muscle tissue of C. carpio were below the legally permissible limits in terms of nutritional safety and human consumption. In addition, when compared with previous studies, it was determined that there was a decrease in heavy metal levels in the tissues of fish after the wastewater treatment plants were established.

Keywords

• Aquatic ecosystems
• fish
• heavy metal
• pollution

Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nde (Adıyaman) Yakalanan Cyprinus carpio’nun Dokularındaki Kurşun, Kadmiyum, Krom, Demir, Çinko ve Bakır Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Tarımsal sulama ve elektrik enerjisi üretimi için Fırat Nehri üzerine kurulan Atatürk Barajı Türkiye’deki en büyük barajdır. Baraj gölünde insanların birinci derecede besin kaynağı olan birçok balık türü yaşamaktadır. Bu nedenle bu barajdaki olası bir kirlilik sadece balıkları değil insan sağlığını da olumsuz etkileyecektir. Bu amaçla sunulan çalışmada baraj gölünün iki farklı bölgesinden (Sitilce ve Samsat) 2021 Ağustos ve Eylül aylarında yakalanan ve yöre halkının da besin kaynağını oluşturan Cyprinus carpio’nun solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokusu; kurşun, kadmiyum, krom, demir, çinko ve bakır düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Araştırmamızda her iki bölge balıklarında kurşun düzeyi tüm dokularda, kadmiyum ise solungaç ve kas dokusunda tespit edilememiştir Sitilce bölgesi balıklarında tespit edilen tüm metallerin düzeylerinin Samsat bölgesi balıklarından istatistiksel olarak farklı olmadığı bulunmuştur (sadece karaciğer demir düzeyi hariç). Araştırma sonuçlarımız besin güvenirliği ve insanların tüketimi açısından C. carpio’nun kas dokusundaki ağır metal düzeylerinin yasal olarak izin verilen limitlerin altında olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca önceki çalışmalarla karşılaştırıldığında faaliyete geçen atık su arıtma tesislerinden sonra balıkların dokularındaki ağır metal düzeylerinde azalmalar olduğu da belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Sucul ekosistemler
• balık
• ağır metal
• kirlilik

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