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Atatürk Baraj Gölünden (Adıyaman) İzole Edilen Escherichia coli Bakterilerinde Antibiyotik Dirençlilik Profili

Year 2022, , 105 - 109, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1110770

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Adıyaman ili Atatürk Barajı gölünün 5 farklı istasyonuna ait yüzey sularının fizikokimyasal parametreleri [toplam çözünmüş katı madde (TDS), pH, sıcaklık ve elektriksel iletkenlik (EC)] ve örneklerden izole edilen Escherichia coli bakterilerinde antibiyotik dirençlilik profilleri araştırılmıştır. Fizikokimyasal parametrelerden toplam çözünmüş katı madde ve elektriksel iletkenlik değerleri bakımından birinci sınıf kalitededir. pH değerleri bakımından alkali özellik göstermektedir. Sıcaklık değerleri yönünden ise dördüncü sınıf kalitededir. Fekal kirlilik indikatörü olarak 70 E. coli suşu izole edilmiştir. İzole edilen E. coli’lerde antibiyotik dirençliliği sırasıyla eritromisin %95, seftarolin %31.42, sefazolin %30, tetrasiklin %14.28, kloramfenikol %8.50, sefuroksim %4.28 ve sefotaksim ve sefepim %2.85 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sitilce istasyonundan izole edilen bakterilerin %85.71’inin ve Eğri çayı istasyonunda ise izole edilen bakterilerin %50’sinin çoklu antibiyotik direnç (ÇAD) indeksleri 0.2’den büyüktür. Kahta, Gerger ve Samsat istasyonlarından izole edilen bakterilerin tamamının ÇAD indeks oranları 0.2’den küçük veya eşittir. Sonuçlar Atatürk baraj gölünün Eğri çayı ve Sitilce bölgelerinin evsel ve endüstriyel atık suların etkisi altında olabileceğine işaret etmektedir.

References

  • Akın, M., & Akın, G. (2007). Suyun Önemi, Türkiye’de Su Potansiyeli, Su Havzaları ve Su Kirliliği, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, 107-109.
  • Akkan, T. (2017). Antibiotic Resistance Case Study: Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Batlama Creek in Giresun, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(8), 969-972. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i8.969-972.1262
  • Akkan, T., & Topkaraoğlu, T. (2019). Tatlısu Kaynaklarımızdaki Escherichia coli İzolatlarının Antibiyotik Direnç Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Batlama Deresi Örneği, Giresun. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(3), 539-544. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.650210
  • Akkan, T., Kaya, A., & Dinçer, S. (2019). Antibiotic Levels and heavy metal resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from seawater, Iskenderun Organized Industrial Zone. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 7(1), 10-14.
  • Anonim, (2003). Adıyaman il çevre durum raporu. Adıyaman: T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Adıyaman Valiliği İl Çevre ve Orman Müdürlüğü.
  • APHA (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 21st edn. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
  • Arsène-Ploetze, F., Chiboub, O., Lièvremont, D., Farasin, J., Freel, K., Fouteau, S., & Barbe, V. (2018). Adaptation in toxic environments: comparative genomics of loci carrying antibiotic resistance genes derived from acid mine drainage waters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(2), 1470–1483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.04910.1007/s11356-017-0535-8
  • Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493-496.
  • Buyukkaya-Kayıs, F., Dincer, S., & Matyar, F. (2018). Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Aeromonas Spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa From Azapli and Golbasi Lakes, Adiyaman, Turkey (Southeast Anatolian Region). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(1), 116-124.
  • CLSI, (2020). Retrieved form: https://www.nih.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/CLSI-2020.pdf
  • EİE, (2003). Türkiye Akarsularında Su Kalitesi Gözlemleri, Elektrik İsleri Etüt İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Eucast, (2019). The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0. Retrieved from: http://www.eucast.org
  • Gölbaşı, S., & Şen, B. (2019). Atatürk Baraj Gölü’ne dökülen Kahta Çayı’nın (Adıyaman) su kalitesi. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36(4), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.36.4.04
  • Güngör, N., İpek, Z.Z., Er, A., & Kayış, Ş. (2021). Farklı Sucul Sistemlerden İzole Edilen Bakterilerin Antibiyotik Dirençliliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.804414
  • Katakweba, A.A.S., Muhairwa, A.P., Lupindu, A.M., Samborg, P., Rozenkrantz, J.T., Minga, U.V., … & Olsen, J.E. (2018). First report on a randomized investigation of antimicrobial resistance in fecal indicator bacteria from Livestock, Poultry, and humans in Tanzania. Microbial Drug Resistance, 24(3), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2016.0297
  • Kaya, Y., & Dinçer, S. (2016). Çatalan Baraj Gölü’nün Mikrobiyolojik Kirlilik Düzeyi ve Antibiyotik Dirençlilik Profilinin Belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 34(6), 80-89.
  • Krumperman, P.H. (1983). Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 46,1 165-70. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.46.1.165-170
  • Kurekci, C., Aydın, M., Yipel, M., Katouli, M., & Gundogdu, A. (2017). Characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in Asi (Orontes) River in Turkey. Journal of Water and Health, 15(5), 788-798. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2017.257
  • Matyar, F., Gülnaz, O., Guzeldag, G., Mercimek, H.A., Akturk, S., Arkut, A., & Sumengen, M. (2014). Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the Seyhan Dam Lake and Seyhan River in Turkey. Annals of Microbiology, 64(3), 1033-1040. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-013-0740-8
  • Matyar, F. (2012). Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance in Bacteria Isolated from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea Coast. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 89, 551–556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0726-4
  • Matyar, F., Akkan, T., Uçak, Y., & Eraslan, B. (2010). Aeromonas and Pseudomonas: antibiotic and heavy metal resistance species from Iskenderun Bay, Turkey (northeast Mediterranean Sea). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 167, 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1051-1
  • Mercimek Takcı, H.A., Toplar, S., Sumengen Özdenefe, M. (2021). Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Seve Dam, and Konak Pond, Kilis, Turkey. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(2), 290-297. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.801564
  • Odonkor, S.T., & Kennedy, K.A. (2018). Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Drinking Water Sources. International Journal of Microbiology, 7204013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7204013
  • Schlusener, M.P., & Bester, K., (2006). Persistence of Antibiotics such as Macrolides, Tiamulin and Salinomycin in Soil. Environmental Pollution, 143, 565-571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.049
  • Taş, M., Kırgız, T., Arslan, N., Çamur Elipek, B., & Güher, H. (2008). Çorlu Deresi’nin (Tekirdağ) Oligochaeta Faunası ve Bazı Fizikokimyasal Özelliklerinin Zamana Bağlı Değişimi. Ege University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 25(4), 253–257.
  • Toroğlu, E., Toroğlu, S., & Alaeddinoğlu, F. (2006). Aksu Çayı’nda (Kahramanmaraş) Akarsu Kirliliği. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 93-103.
  • World Health Organization [WHO], (2018). Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Report: 2016-2017. Geneva.
  • Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği, Resmî Gazete Tarihi: 30.11.2012 Resmî Gazete Sayısı: 28483
  • Yorulmaz, B. (2006). Esen Çayı (Kocaçay) Su Kalitesinin Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Açıdan İncelenmesi. Retrieved form: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Bacteria Isolated from Atatürk Dam Lake, Adıyaman

Year 2022, , 105 - 109, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1110770

Abstract

In this study, physicochemical parameters such as total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity (EC) and antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from surface waters of 5 different stations of the Atatürk Dam in Adıyaman were investigated. It was found that the water was of good quality in terms of total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity. It shows alkaline properties in regard to pH values. In terms of temperature values, it is of fourth-class quality. Seventy E. coli strains were isolated as an indicator of fecal contamination. In isolated E. coli, antibiotic resistance was determined as 95% for erythromycin, 31.42% for ceftaroline, 30% for cefazolin, 14.28% for tertacycline, 8.50% for chloramphenicol, 4.28% for cefuroxine, and 2.85% for both safotaxime and cefepime. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) rates of 85.71% of bacteria isolated from Sitilce station and 50% of bacteria isolated from Eğri stream station were found to be greater than 0.2. MAR indexes of all bacteria isolated from Kahta, Gerger, and Samsat stations were found to be lower than or equal to 0.2. The results indicated that surface waters of Eğri stream and Sitilce regions may be discharge points of domestic and industrial wastewaters.

References

  • Akın, M., & Akın, G. (2007). Suyun Önemi, Türkiye’de Su Potansiyeli, Su Havzaları ve Su Kirliliği, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 47, 107-109.
  • Akkan, T. (2017). Antibiotic Resistance Case Study: Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Batlama Creek in Giresun, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(8), 969-972. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i8.969-972.1262
  • Akkan, T., & Topkaraoğlu, T. (2019). Tatlısu Kaynaklarımızdaki Escherichia coli İzolatlarının Antibiyotik Direnç Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Batlama Deresi Örneği, Giresun. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(3), 539-544. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.650210
  • Akkan, T., Kaya, A., & Dinçer, S. (2019). Antibiotic Levels and heavy metal resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated from seawater, Iskenderun Organized Industrial Zone. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 7(1), 10-14.
  • Anonim, (2003). Adıyaman il çevre durum raporu. Adıyaman: T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Adıyaman Valiliği İl Çevre ve Orman Müdürlüğü.
  • APHA (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 21st edn. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
  • Arsène-Ploetze, F., Chiboub, O., Lièvremont, D., Farasin, J., Freel, K., Fouteau, S., & Barbe, V. (2018). Adaptation in toxic environments: comparative genomics of loci carrying antibiotic resistance genes derived from acid mine drainage waters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(2), 1470–1483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.04910.1007/s11356-017-0535-8
  • Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493-496.
  • Buyukkaya-Kayıs, F., Dincer, S., & Matyar, F. (2018). Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Aeromonas Spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa From Azapli and Golbasi Lakes, Adiyaman, Turkey (Southeast Anatolian Region). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(1), 116-124.
  • CLSI, (2020). Retrieved form: https://www.nih.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/CLSI-2020.pdf
  • EİE, (2003). Türkiye Akarsularında Su Kalitesi Gözlemleri, Elektrik İsleri Etüt İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Eucast, (2019). The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0. Retrieved from: http://www.eucast.org
  • Gölbaşı, S., & Şen, B. (2019). Atatürk Baraj Gölü’ne dökülen Kahta Çayı’nın (Adıyaman) su kalitesi. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36(4), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.36.4.04
  • Güngör, N., İpek, Z.Z., Er, A., & Kayış, Ş. (2021). Farklı Sucul Sistemlerden İzole Edilen Bakterilerin Antibiyotik Dirençliliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 6(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.804414
  • Katakweba, A.A.S., Muhairwa, A.P., Lupindu, A.M., Samborg, P., Rozenkrantz, J.T., Minga, U.V., … & Olsen, J.E. (2018). First report on a randomized investigation of antimicrobial resistance in fecal indicator bacteria from Livestock, Poultry, and humans in Tanzania. Microbial Drug Resistance, 24(3), 260–268. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2016.0297
  • Kaya, Y., & Dinçer, S. (2016). Çatalan Baraj Gölü’nün Mikrobiyolojik Kirlilik Düzeyi ve Antibiyotik Dirençlilik Profilinin Belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 34(6), 80-89.
  • Krumperman, P.H. (1983). Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 46,1 165-70. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.46.1.165-170
  • Kurekci, C., Aydın, M., Yipel, M., Katouli, M., & Gundogdu, A. (2017). Characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in Asi (Orontes) River in Turkey. Journal of Water and Health, 15(5), 788-798. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2017.257
  • Matyar, F., Gülnaz, O., Guzeldag, G., Mercimek, H.A., Akturk, S., Arkut, A., & Sumengen, M. (2014). Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the Seyhan Dam Lake and Seyhan River in Turkey. Annals of Microbiology, 64(3), 1033-1040. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-013-0740-8
  • Matyar, F. (2012). Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance in Bacteria Isolated from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea Coast. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 89, 551–556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0726-4
  • Matyar, F., Akkan, T., Uçak, Y., & Eraslan, B. (2010). Aeromonas and Pseudomonas: antibiotic and heavy metal resistance species from Iskenderun Bay, Turkey (northeast Mediterranean Sea). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 167, 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1051-1
  • Mercimek Takcı, H.A., Toplar, S., Sumengen Özdenefe, M. (2021). Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from the Seve Dam, and Konak Pond, Kilis, Turkey. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(2), 290-297. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.801564
  • Odonkor, S.T., & Kennedy, K.A. (2018). Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Drinking Water Sources. International Journal of Microbiology, 7204013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7204013
  • Schlusener, M.P., & Bester, K., (2006). Persistence of Antibiotics such as Macrolides, Tiamulin and Salinomycin in Soil. Environmental Pollution, 143, 565-571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.049
  • Taş, M., Kırgız, T., Arslan, N., Çamur Elipek, B., & Güher, H. (2008). Çorlu Deresi’nin (Tekirdağ) Oligochaeta Faunası ve Bazı Fizikokimyasal Özelliklerinin Zamana Bağlı Değişimi. Ege University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 25(4), 253–257.
  • Toroğlu, E., Toroğlu, S., & Alaeddinoğlu, F. (2006). Aksu Çayı’nda (Kahramanmaraş) Akarsu Kirliliği. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 93-103.
  • World Health Organization [WHO], (2018). Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Report: 2016-2017. Geneva.
  • Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği, Resmî Gazete Tarihi: 30.11.2012 Resmî Gazete Sayısı: 28483
  • Yorulmaz, B. (2006). Esen Çayı (Kocaçay) Su Kalitesinin Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Biyolojik Açıdan İncelenmesi. Retrieved form: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fikret Büyükkaya Kayış 0000-0002-3890-1635

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date April 29, 2022
Acceptance Date June 28, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Büyükkaya Kayış, F. (2022). Atatürk Baraj Gölünden (Adıyaman) İzole Edilen Escherichia coli Bakterilerinde Antibiyotik Dirençlilik Profili. Commagene Journal of Biology, 6(1), 105-109. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1110770
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