An In-Silico Study: Interaction of BOR1-type Boron (B) Transporters with A Small Group of Functionally Unidentified Proteins Under Various Stresses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Abstract

Boron (B) is an important micro element for plant metabolism. There are several transporters having a role in B transport in plants. In this study, BOR1-type B transporters in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was identified and characterized through bioinformatical approaches. The five out of 10 identified BOR1 transporters (StBOR1-2,4,5, and 10) were found in the transcriptomic data. The expression heat map and co-expression networks were constructed with these identified proteins. Results showed that these identified five transporters were expressed more under Benzothiadiazole (BTH) compared to other treatments. The co-expression networks of five B transporters, constructed using 24,950 genes at 0.99 correlation coefficient with expression threshold above one fold change, showed that three B transporters were co-expressed with three functionally unknown proteins and Heparanase 1, a defense protein against pathogens. Also, StBOR1-4 and StBOR1-8 were found to crosstalk with Heparanase 1, PGSC0003DMT400010798, and PGSC0003DMT400030256 proteins. Generally, StBOR1-8 appears to be a key player regulating B and plant signal and on the defense mechanism. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, conducted for prediction of molecular functions of B transporters, resulted in three different clusters. Similarity Network analysis showed that StBOR1-10 may be involved in more different biological processes compared to the rest of the studied StBOR1 transporters. The identified three unknown proteins interacting with BOR1-type transporters can be further investigated under biotic stress. Particularly, PGSC0003DMT400025924 gen may be a component of plant immunity system. Moreover, roles of three mentioned proteins in B uptake and accumulation mechanism can be considered for future research.

Keywords

• BOR1-type transporters
• Boron
• P. infestans
• β-Amino-n-butyric Acid (BABA)
• Benzothiadiazole (BTH)

Bilgisayar Ortamında Bir Çalışma: BOR1-tipi Bor (B) Taşıyıcılarının Patateste (S. tuberosum) Çeşitli Stresler Altında İşlevsel Olarak Tanımlanmamış Küçük Bir Protein Grubuyla Etkileşimi

Abstract

Bor (B) bitki metabolizması için önemli bir mikroelementtir. Bitkilerde B taşınımında rol oynayan farklı taşıyıcılar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada patates (Solanum tuberosum) bitkisindeki BOR1 tipi B taşıyıcıları biyoinformatiksel yaklaşımlarla belirlenmiş ve karakterize edilmiştirler. On BOR1 taşıyıcısından beş tanesi (StBOR1-2,4,5, ve 10) transkriptomik veri seti içerisinde bulunmuştur. Ekspresyon ısı haritası ve ko-ekspresyon veri ağları belirlenen beş proteine göre yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, BOR1 transporter olarak belirlenen beş transporterın en fazla Benzothiadiazole (BTH) uygulamasında eksprese edildiği bulunmuştur. 24950 genin 0.99 korelasyon katsayısı ve bir kat ve üzeri eşik değeri dikkate alınarak oluşturulan beş BOR1 geninin, patojenlere karşı bir savunma proteini olan Heparanase 1 ve fonksiyonel olarak tanımı yapılmamış üç farklı genle ko-eksprese edildiği saptanmıştır. Aynı zamanda StBOR1-4 ve StBOR1-8’nin Heparanase 1, PGSC0003DMT400010798, ve PGSC0003DMT400030256 proteinleri ile çapraz iletişimi bulunmuştur. Genel olarak, StBOR1-8 B alımın, bitki sinyal ve savunma mekanizmasının düzenlenmesinde anahtar bir rol oynadığı görülmektedir. StBOR1 genlerinin moleküler fonksiyonlarına ışık tutmak için yapılan Gen Ontolojisi (GO) analizine göre üç farklı demet meydana gelmiştir. Benzerlik ağı analizine göre StBOR1-10’un, bu çalışmada incelenen diğer StBOR1 genelerine göre çok daha farklı biyolojik proseslerde yer alabileceği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada StBOR1 taşıyıcıları ile etkileşen ve fonksiyonu bilinmeyen üç proteinin biyotik stres altında incelenmesi ileriki çalışmalarda yapılabilir. Özellikle, PGSC0003DMT400025924 geni bitki bağışıklık sisteminin bir parçası olabilir. Ayrıca, bu proteinlerinin B alınımı ve depolanma mekanizmasındaki rolleri gelecek araştırmalarda ele alınabilir.

Keywords

• BOR1 tipi taşıyıcılar
• Bor
• P. infestans
• β-Amino-n-Butirik Asit (BABA)
• Benzotiyadiazol (BTH)

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