Bulgaristan Florasında Yetişen Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb’ın Kimyasal Bileşeni, Antioksidan Özellikleri ve Mineral Madde İçeriği

Abstract

Tıbbî bitkiler daha çok ilaç, gıda ve nutrasötik alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Achillea spp. nutrasötikler veya gıdalar halinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada A. collina'nın farklı kısımları kullanılarak uçucu yağ bileşenleri, mineral maddeleri, toplam flavonid, toplam fenolik içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi belirlenmiştir. Antioksidan aktivitesinin belirlenmesinde; 1,1-Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), Ferrik İndirgeyici Antioksidan Gücü (FRAP) ve Trolox Eşdeğer Antioksidan Kapasitesi (TEAC) analizleri yapılmıştır. Uçucu yağın kimyasal kompozisyonu Gaz Kromatografisi-Kütle Spektrometrisi (GC-MS) analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre A. collina’ nın bitki kısımlarından en yüksek antioksidan aktivitesi IC50=62.32±1.53 μg/mL değeri ile yapraklarından elde edilmiştir. En yüksek toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri (171.66±0.47 mg GAE/g ve 8.50±0.43 mg QE/g) yaprak kısımlarında tespit edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ sadece bitkinin çiçek kısmından elde edilmiştir. A. collina'da bulunan ana bileşenler 1,8-sineole, kafur, β-linalool, γ-terpinen, γ-terpineol, α-pinen, epi-siklokolorenon, epi-siklokolorenon ve p-simen olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Bulgaristan florasından elde edilen A. collina’ nın yaprak örneklerinin daha yüksek antioksidan etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. En yüksek makro ve mikro element içerikleri sırasıyla Potasyum (K)>Kalsiyum (Ca)>Mangan (Mn)>Fosfor (P)>Magnezyum (Mg)>Sodyum (Na)>Bakır (Cu)>Demir (Fe)>Bor (B) olarak belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Achillea collina
• Asteraceae
• uçucu yağlar
• antioksidan aktivite
• mineral madde

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant Activities, and Mineral Matter Contents of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb from the Flora of Bulgaria

Abstract

Medicinal plants are mostly used in pharmaceutical, nutrition, and nutraceutical fields. Achillea spp. is widely used as nutraceuticals and food. In this study, chemical composition of essential oils, mineral composition, and antioxidant activities of different parts of A. collina were investigated. Flavonoids and polyphenols were detected using total flavonoid and polyphenolic contents assays. The Antioxidant activities were identified using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays. The essential oil chemical compositions were determined by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. According to the results, the most active plant part was A. collina leaves with a value of IC50=62.32±1.53 μg/mL. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (171.66±0.47 mg GAE /g and 8.50±0.43mg QE/g) were found in leaf parts. The essential oil was only obtained from the flower part of the plant. Besides, the major components found in A. collina were 1,8-cineole, camphor, β-linalool, γ-terpinene, γ-terpineol, α-pinene, epi-cyclocolorenone, epi-cyclocolorenone, and p-cymene. The results revealed that leaf samples of A. collina obtained from Bulgarian flora had higher antioxidant effect. The highest macro and microelement contents were Potassium (K)>Calcium (Ca)>Manganese (Mn)>Phosphor (P)>Magnesium (Mg)>Sodium (Na)> Copper (Cu)> Iron (Fe)> Boron (B), respectively.

Keywords

• Asteraceae
• essential oils
• antioxidant activity
• mineral matter

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