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Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant Activities, and Mineral Matter Contents of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb from the Flora of Bulgaria

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 143 - 149, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.982959

Abstract

Medicinal plants are mostly used in pharmaceutical, nutrition, and nutraceutical fields. Achillea spp. is widely used as nutraceuticals and food. In this study, chemical composition of essential oils, mineral composition, and antioxidant activities of different parts of A. collina were investigated. Flavonoids and polyphenols were detected using total flavonoid and polyphenolic contents assays. The Antioxidant activities were identified using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays. The essential oil chemical compositions were determined by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. According to the results, the most active plant part was A. collina leaves with a value of IC50=62.32±1.53 μg/mL. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (171.66±0.47 mg GAE /g and 8.50±0.43mg QE/g) were found in leaf parts. The essential oil was only obtained from the flower part of the plant. Besides, the major components found in A. collina were 1,8-cineole, camphor, β-linalool, γ-terpinene, γ-terpineol, α-pinene, epi-cyclocolorenone, epi-cyclocolorenone, and p-cymene. The results revealed that leaf samples of A. collina obtained from Bulgarian flora had higher antioxidant effect. The highest macro and microelement contents were Potassium (K)>Calcium (Ca)>Manganese (Mn)>Phosphor (P)>Magnesium (Mg)>Sodium (Na)> Copper (Cu)> Iron (Fe)> Boron (B), respectively.

Supporting Institution

Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi

Project Number

BAP; Project No: 6602a-TBMYO/20-356,

Thanks

This work is part of a project supported by the Yozgat Bozok University Scientific Research Projects Unit (BAP; Project Code: 6602a-TBMYO/20-356, Yozgat, Turkey).

References

  • Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (4th ed.). Allured Publishing Co., Carol Stream, Illinois, 804 pp.
  • Ali, S.I., Gopalakrishnan, B., & Venkatesalu, V. (2017). Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Achillea millefolium L.: a review. Phytotherapy Research, 31, 1140–1161. http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5840
  • Alvarengaa, I.C.A., Boldrinb, P.F., Pachecoa, F.V., Silvaa, S.T., Bertolucci, S.K.V., & Pintoa, J.E.B.P. (2015). Effects on growth, essential oil content and composition of the volatile fraction of Achillea millefolium L. cultivated in hydroponic systems deficient in macro- and microelements. Scientia Horticulture, 197, 329-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.046
  • AOAC. (2005). Method 930.05. Ash of plants. Official Methods of Analysis (Horwitz, W. & Latimer Jr., G.W., Eds.). Gaithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International, 2200 pp.
  • AOAC. (2016). Method 976.06. Protein (crude) in animal feed and pet food. Official Methods of Analysis (Latimer Jr., G.W., Ed.). Geithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International, 3172 pp.
  • Balinova, A., & Diakov, G. (1974). On improved apparatus for microdistillation of rose flowers. Plant Science, 11, 77-85.
  • Benedek, B., Rothwangl, W.K., Rozema, E., Gjoncaj, N., Reznicek, G., Jurenitsch, J., Kopp, B., & Glasl, S. (2008). Yarrow (Achillea millefolium); pharmaceutical quality of commercial samples. Pharmazie, 63, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2008.7646
  • Benzie, F.F., & Strain, J.J. (1999). Ferric reducing/ antioxidant power assay: direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods in Enzymology, 299, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99005-5
  • Biju, J., Sulaiman, C.T., Satheesh, G., & Reddy, V.R.K. (2014). Total phenolics and flavonoids in selected medicinal plants from Kerala. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6, 406-408.
  • Brendel, O., Iannetta, P., & Stewart, D. (2000). A rapid and simple method to isolate pure α-cellulose. Phytochemical Analysis, 11(1), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(200001/02)11:1%3C7::AID-PCA488%3E3.0.CO;2-U
  • Bocevska, B., & Sovova, H. (2007). Supercritical CO2 extraction of essential oil from yarrow. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 40, 360–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2006.07.014
  • Bozin, B., Mimica-Dukic, N., Bogavac, M., Suvajdzic, L., Simin, N., Samojlik, I., & Couladis, M. (2008). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Achillea collina Becker ex Heimerl s.l. and A. pannonica Scheele Essential oils. Molecules, 13(9), 2058-2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13092058
  • Chávez-Silva, F., Cerón-Romero, L., Arias-Durán, L., Navarrete-Vázquez, G., Almanza-Pérez, J., Román-Ramos, R., Ramírez-Ávila, G., Perea-Arango, I., Villalobos-Molina, R., & Estrada-Soto, S. (2018). Antidiabetic effect of Achillea millefollium through multi-target interactions: α-glucosidases inhibition, insulin sensitization and insulin se-cretagogue activities. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 212, 1–7. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.005
  • Choudhary, M.I., Jalil, S., Todorova, M., Trendafilova, A., Mikhova, B., & Duddeck, H. (2007). Inhibitory effect of lactone fractions and individual components from three species of the Achillea millefolium complex of Bulgarian origin on the human neutrophils respiratory burst activity. Natural Product Research, 21(11), 1032-1036. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410701369623
  • Corte Real, J., Bertucci, M., Soukoulis, C., Desmarchelier, C., Borel P Richling, E., …. & Bohn, T. (2017). Negative effects of divalent mineral cations on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids from plant food matrices and related physical properties of gastro-intestinal fluids. Food & Function, 8, 1008–1019. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6fo01708h
  • Dzhabarova, Y., & Peneva, M. (2017). The value-added marketing – local products in conformity with vital rural areas, Trakia Journal of Sciences, 15 (1), 338-342. https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2017.s.01.059
  • Edreva, A., Vitkova, A., Dagnon, S., Konakchiev, A., Gesheva, E., & Bojilov, D. (2017). Field-cultivated medicinal plants of Achillea millefolium group: A source of bioactive compounds. Genetics and Plant Physiology, 7(1-2), 22-33.
  • Figueiredo, A., Barroso, J., Pedro, L., & Scheffer, J. (2008). Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23(4), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1875
  • Georgiev E., & Stoyanova A. (2006). A Guide for the Specialist in the Aromatic Industry (1nd ed.). University of Food Technologies Academic Publishing House, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 320 pp.
  • Georgieva, L., Gadjalova, A., Mihaylova, D., & Pavlov, A. (2015). Achillea millefolium L. phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant activity. International Food Research Journal, 22(4), 1347–1352.
  • Gezer, K., Duru, M., Kıvrak, I., Türkoğlu, A., Mercan, N., Türkoğlu, H., & Gülcan, S. (2006). Free-radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity of wild edible mushroom of Turkey. African Journal of Biyotechnology, 5 (20), 1924-1928.
  • Halliwell, B., & Gutteridge, J. (2007). Free radicals in biology and medicine (4th ed.). New York, Oxford University Press, 851 pp.
  • Kaçar, B., & İnal A. (2010). Plant Analysis (2th ed.). Ankara, Turkey, Nobel Yayıncılık, 912 pp.
  • Kindlovits, S., Cserháti, B., Inotai, K., Rajhárt, P., & Németh-Zámbori, E. (2016). FSL 1: Comparative investigation of 11 Achillea collina Becker accessions concerning phenological, morphological, productional features and active agent content. 6th International Symposium Breeding Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, June 19-23, 2016, Quedlinburg, Germany. https://doi.org/10.5073/jka.2016.453.025
  • Konakchiev, A., Todorova, M., Mikhova, B., Vitkova, A., Najdenski, H., & Duddeck, H. (2006). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from two Achillea collina Becker. Comptes Rendus de I’Acedemie Bulgare Des Sciences, 59(5), 505-510.
  • Konemann, B. (1999). The Illustrated A-Z of over 10.000 Garden Plants and How to Cultivate Them, Gordon Cheers Publication, Hong Kong, 1020 pp.
  • Lakshmi, T., Geetha, R.V, Roy A., & Aravind Kumar, S. (2011). Yarrow (Achillea millefolium linn.) a herbal medicinal plant with broad therapeutic use – a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 9(2), 136-141.
  • McCord, J., & Fridovich, I. (1969). Superoxide dismutase: an enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 25(244), 6049-6055.
  • Mockute, D., & Judzentiene A. (2010). Variability of the Essential Oils Composition of Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium Growing Wild in Lithuania. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 31, 1033-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00066-8
  • Nemeth, E. (2005). Essential oil composition of species in the genus Achillea. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(5), 501-512. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698978
  • Nemeth, E., Bernáth, J., & Tarján, G. (2008). Quantitative and qualitative studies of essential oils of Hungarian Achillea populations. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 13(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.1300/J044v13n01_05
  • Oberprieler, C., Vogt, R., & Watson, L. (2007). Tribe Anthe mideae Cass. 1819. The families and genera of vascular plants. In: Kadereit. JW & Jeffrey C (ed) Berlin & Heidelberg, Springer, 342–374.
  • O’Dell, R., & Claassen, V. (2006). Serpentine and nonserpentine Achillea millefolium accessions differ in serpentine substrate tolerance and response to organic and inorganic amendments. Plant and Soil, 279, 253-269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-2360-y
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine Original Contributions, 26(9-10), 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  • Rehus, L., & Neugebauerova, J. (2011). The Comparison of the content of essential oil and favonoids in selected species of genus Achillea millefolium Agg. cultivated in conventional on orgnic way. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Special, Number, 33-35.
  • Singleton, V., Orthofer, R., & Lamuela-Raventos, R. (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent. Methods in Enzymology, 299(1999), 152-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
  • Somogyi, A., Rosta, K., Pusztai, P., Tulassay Z., & Nagy, G. (2007). Antioxidant measurements. Physiological Measurement, 28(4), 41-55. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0967-3334/28/4/R01
  • Spinarová, S., & Petříková, K. (2003). Variability of the content and quality of some active substances within Achillea millefolium complex. Horticulture Science (Prague), 30, 7- 13. https://doi.org/10.17221/3811-HORTSCI
  • Stojanović, G., Radulović, N., Hashimoto, T., & Palić, R. (2005). In vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts of four Achillea species: the composition of Achillea clavennae L. (Asteraceae) extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 101(1-3), 185–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.026
  • Trendafilova A., Todorova, M., Mikhova, B., Vitkova, A., & Duddeck H. (2006). Sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea colina J. Becker ex Reichenb. Phytochemistry, 67(8), 764-770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.01.033
  • Vitkova, A., Anchev, M., Goranova, V., Todorova, M., & Konakchiev, A. (2005). Achillea millefolium group (Asteraceae) in Bulgaria. Farmacy (Bulgarian), 52, 60-63.
  • Yaeesh, S., Jamal, Q., Khan, A.U., & Gilani, A.H. (2006). Studies on hepatoprotective, antispasmodic and calcium antagonist activities of the aqueous-methanol extract of Achillea millefolium. Phytotherapy Research, 20(7), 546–551. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1897

Bulgaristan Florasında Yetişen Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb’ın Kimyasal Bileşeni, Antioksidan Özellikleri ve Mineral Madde İçeriği

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 143 - 149, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.982959

Abstract

Tıbbî bitkiler daha çok ilaç, gıda ve nutrasötik alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Achillea spp. nutrasötikler veya gıdalar halinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada A. collina'nın farklı kısımları kullanılarak uçucu yağ bileşenleri, mineral maddeleri, toplam flavonid, toplam fenolik içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi belirlenmiştir. Antioksidan aktivitesinin belirlenmesinde; 1,1-Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), Ferrik İndirgeyici Antioksidan Gücü (FRAP) ve Trolox Eşdeğer Antioksidan Kapasitesi (TEAC) analizleri yapılmıştır. Uçucu yağın kimyasal kompozisyonu Gaz Kromatografisi-Kütle Spektrometrisi (GC-MS) analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre A. collina’ nın bitki kısımlarından en yüksek antioksidan aktivitesi IC50=62.32±1.53 μg/mL değeri ile yapraklarından elde edilmiştir. En yüksek toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri (171.66±0.47 mg GAE/g ve 8.50±0.43 mg QE/g) yaprak kısımlarında tespit edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ sadece bitkinin çiçek kısmından elde edilmiştir. A. collina'da bulunan ana bileşenler 1,8-sineole, kafur, β-linalool, γ-terpinen, γ-terpineol, α-pinen, epi-siklokolorenon, epi-siklokolorenon ve p-simen olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Bulgaristan florasından elde edilen A. collina’ nın yaprak örneklerinin daha yüksek antioksidan etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. En yüksek makro ve mikro element içerikleri sırasıyla Potasyum (K)>Kalsiyum (Ca)>Mangan (Mn)>Fosfor (P)>Magnezyum (Mg)>Sodyum (Na)>Bakır (Cu)>Demir (Fe)>Bor (B) olarak belirlenmiştir.

Project Number

BAP; Project No: 6602a-TBMYO/20-356,

References

  • Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (4th ed.). Allured Publishing Co., Carol Stream, Illinois, 804 pp.
  • Ali, S.I., Gopalakrishnan, B., & Venkatesalu, V. (2017). Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Achillea millefolium L.: a review. Phytotherapy Research, 31, 1140–1161. http://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5840
  • Alvarengaa, I.C.A., Boldrinb, P.F., Pachecoa, F.V., Silvaa, S.T., Bertolucci, S.K.V., & Pintoa, J.E.B.P. (2015). Effects on growth, essential oil content and composition of the volatile fraction of Achillea millefolium L. cultivated in hydroponic systems deficient in macro- and microelements. Scientia Horticulture, 197, 329-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.046
  • AOAC. (2005). Method 930.05. Ash of plants. Official Methods of Analysis (Horwitz, W. & Latimer Jr., G.W., Eds.). Gaithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International, 2200 pp.
  • AOAC. (2016). Method 976.06. Protein (crude) in animal feed and pet food. Official Methods of Analysis (Latimer Jr., G.W., Ed.). Geithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International, 3172 pp.
  • Balinova, A., & Diakov, G. (1974). On improved apparatus for microdistillation of rose flowers. Plant Science, 11, 77-85.
  • Benedek, B., Rothwangl, W.K., Rozema, E., Gjoncaj, N., Reznicek, G., Jurenitsch, J., Kopp, B., & Glasl, S. (2008). Yarrow (Achillea millefolium); pharmaceutical quality of commercial samples. Pharmazie, 63, 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2008.7646
  • Benzie, F.F., & Strain, J.J. (1999). Ferric reducing/ antioxidant power assay: direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods in Enzymology, 299, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99005-5
  • Biju, J., Sulaiman, C.T., Satheesh, G., & Reddy, V.R.K. (2014). Total phenolics and flavonoids in selected medicinal plants from Kerala. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6, 406-408.
  • Brendel, O., Iannetta, P., & Stewart, D. (2000). A rapid and simple method to isolate pure α-cellulose. Phytochemical Analysis, 11(1), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(200001/02)11:1%3C7::AID-PCA488%3E3.0.CO;2-U
  • Bocevska, B., & Sovova, H. (2007). Supercritical CO2 extraction of essential oil from yarrow. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 40, 360–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2006.07.014
  • Bozin, B., Mimica-Dukic, N., Bogavac, M., Suvajdzic, L., Simin, N., Samojlik, I., & Couladis, M. (2008). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Achillea collina Becker ex Heimerl s.l. and A. pannonica Scheele Essential oils. Molecules, 13(9), 2058-2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13092058
  • Chávez-Silva, F., Cerón-Romero, L., Arias-Durán, L., Navarrete-Vázquez, G., Almanza-Pérez, J., Román-Ramos, R., Ramírez-Ávila, G., Perea-Arango, I., Villalobos-Molina, R., & Estrada-Soto, S. (2018). Antidiabetic effect of Achillea millefollium through multi-target interactions: α-glucosidases inhibition, insulin sensitization and insulin se-cretagogue activities. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 212, 1–7. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.005
  • Choudhary, M.I., Jalil, S., Todorova, M., Trendafilova, A., Mikhova, B., & Duddeck, H. (2007). Inhibitory effect of lactone fractions and individual components from three species of the Achillea millefolium complex of Bulgarian origin on the human neutrophils respiratory burst activity. Natural Product Research, 21(11), 1032-1036. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410701369623
  • Corte Real, J., Bertucci, M., Soukoulis, C., Desmarchelier, C., Borel P Richling, E., …. & Bohn, T. (2017). Negative effects of divalent mineral cations on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids from plant food matrices and related physical properties of gastro-intestinal fluids. Food & Function, 8, 1008–1019. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6fo01708h
  • Dzhabarova, Y., & Peneva, M. (2017). The value-added marketing – local products in conformity with vital rural areas, Trakia Journal of Sciences, 15 (1), 338-342. https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2017.s.01.059
  • Edreva, A., Vitkova, A., Dagnon, S., Konakchiev, A., Gesheva, E., & Bojilov, D. (2017). Field-cultivated medicinal plants of Achillea millefolium group: A source of bioactive compounds. Genetics and Plant Physiology, 7(1-2), 22-33.
  • Figueiredo, A., Barroso, J., Pedro, L., & Scheffer, J. (2008). Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23(4), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1875
  • Georgiev E., & Stoyanova A. (2006). A Guide for the Specialist in the Aromatic Industry (1nd ed.). University of Food Technologies Academic Publishing House, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 320 pp.
  • Georgieva, L., Gadjalova, A., Mihaylova, D., & Pavlov, A. (2015). Achillea millefolium L. phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant activity. International Food Research Journal, 22(4), 1347–1352.
  • Gezer, K., Duru, M., Kıvrak, I., Türkoğlu, A., Mercan, N., Türkoğlu, H., & Gülcan, S. (2006). Free-radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity of wild edible mushroom of Turkey. African Journal of Biyotechnology, 5 (20), 1924-1928.
  • Halliwell, B., & Gutteridge, J. (2007). Free radicals in biology and medicine (4th ed.). New York, Oxford University Press, 851 pp.
  • Kaçar, B., & İnal A. (2010). Plant Analysis (2th ed.). Ankara, Turkey, Nobel Yayıncılık, 912 pp.
  • Kindlovits, S., Cserháti, B., Inotai, K., Rajhárt, P., & Németh-Zámbori, E. (2016). FSL 1: Comparative investigation of 11 Achillea collina Becker accessions concerning phenological, morphological, productional features and active agent content. 6th International Symposium Breeding Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, June 19-23, 2016, Quedlinburg, Germany. https://doi.org/10.5073/jka.2016.453.025
  • Konakchiev, A., Todorova, M., Mikhova, B., Vitkova, A., Najdenski, H., & Duddeck, H. (2006). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from two Achillea collina Becker. Comptes Rendus de I’Acedemie Bulgare Des Sciences, 59(5), 505-510.
  • Konemann, B. (1999). The Illustrated A-Z of over 10.000 Garden Plants and How to Cultivate Them, Gordon Cheers Publication, Hong Kong, 1020 pp.
  • Lakshmi, T., Geetha, R.V, Roy A., & Aravind Kumar, S. (2011). Yarrow (Achillea millefolium linn.) a herbal medicinal plant with broad therapeutic use – a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 9(2), 136-141.
  • McCord, J., & Fridovich, I. (1969). Superoxide dismutase: an enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 25(244), 6049-6055.
  • Mockute, D., & Judzentiene A. (2010). Variability of the Essential Oils Composition of Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium Growing Wild in Lithuania. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 31, 1033-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00066-8
  • Nemeth, E. (2005). Essential oil composition of species in the genus Achillea. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(5), 501-512. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698978
  • Nemeth, E., Bernáth, J., & Tarján, G. (2008). Quantitative and qualitative studies of essential oils of Hungarian Achillea populations. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 13(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.1300/J044v13n01_05
  • Oberprieler, C., Vogt, R., & Watson, L. (2007). Tribe Anthe mideae Cass. 1819. The families and genera of vascular plants. In: Kadereit. JW & Jeffrey C (ed) Berlin & Heidelberg, Springer, 342–374.
  • O’Dell, R., & Claassen, V. (2006). Serpentine and nonserpentine Achillea millefolium accessions differ in serpentine substrate tolerance and response to organic and inorganic amendments. Plant and Soil, 279, 253-269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-2360-y
  • Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine Original Contributions, 26(9-10), 1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  • Rehus, L., & Neugebauerova, J. (2011). The Comparison of the content of essential oil and favonoids in selected species of genus Achillea millefolium Agg. cultivated in conventional on orgnic way. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica Special, Number, 33-35.
  • Singleton, V., Orthofer, R., & Lamuela-Raventos, R. (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent. Methods in Enzymology, 299(1999), 152-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
  • Somogyi, A., Rosta, K., Pusztai, P., Tulassay Z., & Nagy, G. (2007). Antioxidant measurements. Physiological Measurement, 28(4), 41-55. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0967-3334/28/4/R01
  • Spinarová, S., & Petříková, K. (2003). Variability of the content and quality of some active substances within Achillea millefolium complex. Horticulture Science (Prague), 30, 7- 13. https://doi.org/10.17221/3811-HORTSCI
  • Stojanović, G., Radulović, N., Hashimoto, T., & Palić, R. (2005). In vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts of four Achillea species: the composition of Achillea clavennae L. (Asteraceae) extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 101(1-3), 185–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.026
  • Trendafilova A., Todorova, M., Mikhova, B., Vitkova, A., & Duddeck H. (2006). Sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea colina J. Becker ex Reichenb. Phytochemistry, 67(8), 764-770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.01.033
  • Vitkova, A., Anchev, M., Goranova, V., Todorova, M., & Konakchiev, A. (2005). Achillea millefolium group (Asteraceae) in Bulgaria. Farmacy (Bulgarian), 52, 60-63.
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There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hülya Doğan 0000-0003-1970-4123

Tansu Uskutoğlu 0000-0001-6631-1723

Hafize Fidan 0000-0002-3373-5949

Stanko Stankov 0000-0003-2332-1782

Hatice Baş

Belgin Coşge Şenkal 0000-0001-7330-8098

Albena Stoyanova 0000-0001-7140-7826

Nadezhda Petkova 0000-0002-5870-9157

Ivayla Dincheva 0000-0003-0276-4170

Güngör Yılmaz 0000-0003-0070-5484

Project Number BAP; Project No: 6602a-TBMYO/20-356,
Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date August 14, 2021
Acceptance Date October 1, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Doğan, H., Uskutoğlu, T., Fidan, H., Stankov, S., et al. (2021). Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant Activities, and Mineral Matter Contents of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb from the Flora of Bulgaria. Commagene Journal of Biology, 5(2), 143-149. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.982959