Research Article
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Examination of Behavioral Traits of Monocultures and Polycultures of Two Different Trout Species (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo sp.) at Different Ratios Depending on Various Factors

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 187 - 192, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.995166

Abstract

: The present study aimed to determine both the effects of monocultures of rainbow trout (R) and brown trout (B) and polycultures (R 75%-B 25%; R 66%-B 34% and R 50%-B 50%) on behavior. In the study, the area used vertically by the fish in the tank, the mobility rate of fish in the tank, the rate of tendency of fish in eating as soon as they were fed, whether the fish test the feed, the interspecies feed competition, the time they start to take the first feed, the duration of the feed consumption of the fish and the feed area of the fish have been considered as behavioral evaluation criteria. The trout were monitored with a camera to determine their behavior. Considering all behavioral criteria, the best polyculture rate was determined as R 66%-B 34%. Brown trout were found to be more mobile and exhibit more relaxed behavior compared to other groups in polyculture. In addition, interspecies feed competition was mostly encountered in this group. As a result, in this study, in which two different trout species were monocultured and treated at different polyculture ratios, the main factor causing behavioral change in fish was found to be the different stocking rates of fish to each other in the same tank. Different rates applied in polyculture caused unpredictable changes in behavior in both species. The ratio of fish used in polyculture was found to be a considerable factor affecting the final product and their behavior for aquaculture.

Thanks

We would like to thank Zeynel Avcil and Soran Avcil (Avcil Trout Facility), Muhittin Esen (Mis Trout Facility) and Selim Mantaş (Yeşilsu Trout Facility) for their support in providing study materials. This paper is based on a part of MSc dissertation of the first author.

References

  • Barki, A., & Karplus, I. (2016). The behavioral mechanism of competition for food between tilapia (Oreochromis hybrid) and crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Aquaculture, 450, 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.031
  • Delcourt, J., Becco, C., Vandewalle, N., & Poncin, P. (2009). A video multitracking system for quantification of individual behavior in a large fish shoal: advantages and limits. Behavior Research Methods, 41(1), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.1.228
  • Han, F., Zhu, J., Liu, B., Zhang, B., & Xie, F. (2020). Fish Shoals Behavior Detection Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Spatiotemporal Information. IEEE Access, 8, 126907-126926. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3008698
  • Føre, M., Frank, K., Norton, T., Svendsen, E., Alfredsen, J.A., Dempster, T., & Berckmans, D. (2018). Precision fish farming: A new framework to improve production in aquaculture. Biosystems Engineering, 173, 176-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.014
  • Hong, X., & Zha, J. (2019). Fish behavior: A promising model for aquatic toxicology research. Science of the Total Environment, 686, 311-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.028
  • Kane, A.S., Salierno, J.D., Gipson, G.T., Molteno, T.C., & Hunter, C. (2004). A video-based movement analysis system to quantify behavioral stress responses of fish. Water Research, 38(18), 3993-4001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.06.028
  • Karataş, B. (2015). Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ve kahverengi alabalığın (Salmo trutta ssp) farklı oranlarda birlikte yetiştiriciliğinin büyüme performansı, yem değerlendirme ve davranış üzerine etkileri (398725). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp
  • Karataş, B., Arabacı, M., & Önalan, Ş. (2017). Comparison of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta ssp) dual culture in different ratios and growth performances. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(6). https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.6.2257.2261
  • Li, D., Wang, Z., Wu, S., Miao, Z., Du, L., & Duan, Y. (2020). Automatic recognition methods of fish feeding behavior in aquaculture: A review. Aquaculture, 735508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735508
  • Okumuş, İ., Değirmenci, A., Başçınar, N., & Çelikkale, M.S. (2001). Comparative performance approximate biochemical composition and consumer preference of albino and normally pigmented varieties of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1, 23-28.
  • Papadakis, V.M., Papadakis, I.E., Lamprianidou, F., Glaropoulos, A., & Kentouri, M. (2012). A computer-vision system and methodology for the analysis of fish behavior. Aquacultural Engineering, 46, 53-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2011.11.002
  • Papadakis, V.M., Glaropoulos, A., & Kentouri, M. (2014). Sub-second analysis of fish behavior using a novel computer-vision system. Aquacultural Engineering, 62, 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2014.06.003
  • Pinkiewicz, T.H., Purser, G.J., & Williams, R.N. (2011). A computer vision system to analyse the swimming behavior of farmed fish in commercial aquaculture facilities: A case study using cage-held Atlantic salmon. Aquacultural Engineering, 45(1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2011.05.002
  • Rahman, M.M., & Verdegem, M., (2010). Effects of intra-and interspecific competition on diet, growth and behavior of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) and Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch). Applied Animal Behavior Science, 128(1-4), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2010.09.015
  • Sadoul, B., Mengues, P.E., Friggens, N.C., Prunet, P., & Colson, V. (2014). A new method for measuring group behaviors of fish shoals from recorded videos taken in near aquaculture conditions. Aquaculture, 430, 179-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.04.008
  • Salierno, J.D., Gipson, G.T., & Kane, A.S. (2008). Quantitative movement analysis of social behavior in mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Journal of Ethology, 26(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-006-0027-7
  • Sırtkaya, N. (2013). Saf ve karısık olarak yetiştirilen gökkusağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ve kalkan balığı (Psetta maxima)’nın büyüme performanslarının karşılaştırılması (332078). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp
  • Stien, L.H., Bratland, S., Austevoll, I., Oppedal, F., & Kristiansen, T.S. (2007). A video analysis procedure for assessing vertical fish distribution in aquaculture tanks. Aquacultural Engineering, 37(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2007.03.002
  • Waggett, R.J., & Buskey, E.J. (2007). Calanoid copepod escape behavior in response to a visual predator. Marine Biology, 150(4), 599-607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0384-3
  • Xu, J., Liu, Y., Cui, S., & Miao, X. (2006). Behavioral responses of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels as monitored by computer vision. Aquacultural Engineering, 35(3), 207-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2006.02.004

İki Farklı Alabalık Türünün (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo sp.) Monokültürleri ile Farklı Oranlarda Polikültürlerinin Çeşitli Faktörlere Bağlı Davranış Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 187 - 192, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.995166

Abstract

Bu çalışmada gökkuşağı alabalığı (G) ve kahverengi alabalığın (K) monokültürleri ile farklı oranlarda (G%75-K%25; G%66-K%34 ve G%50-K%50) polikültürlerinin davranış üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada balıkların; tankta dikey olarak kullandığı bölge, tanktaki hareketlilik oranları, yemin ilk verildiği anda yeme karşı ilgi yüzdesi, yemi test edip etmediği, türler arası yem rekabeti, ilk yem almaya başlama süresi, yemi tüketme süresi ve yem aldığı bölge davranış değerlendirme ölçütleri olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Alabalıkların davranışlarını belirlemek için kamera kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Tüm davranış ölçütleri dikkate alındığında en iyi polikültür oranı G%66-K%34 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu gruptaki kahverengi alabalıkların polikültürdeki diğer gruplara kıyasla daha hareketli olduğu ve daha rahat davranış sergiledikleri görülmüştür. Ayrıca türler arası yem rekabeti de en fazla bu grupta görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak iki farklı alabalık türünün monokültürünün ve farklı oranlarda polikültürünün yapıldığı bu çalışmada balıklardaki davranış değişikliğine sebep olan temel etken, balıkların aynı tanktaki birbirlerine olan farklı stoklama oranlarıdır. Polikültürde uygulanan farklı oranların iki türün davranışlarında önceden tahmin edilemeyecek şekilde değişikliklere sebep olmuştur. Polikültürde kullanılan balıkların birbirlerine olan oranları, yetiştiricilikte davranışı nihai ürünü etkileyen ve dikkate alınması gereken önemli bir faktördür.

References

  • Barki, A., & Karplus, I. (2016). The behavioral mechanism of competition for food between tilapia (Oreochromis hybrid) and crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Aquaculture, 450, 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.031
  • Delcourt, J., Becco, C., Vandewalle, N., & Poncin, P. (2009). A video multitracking system for quantification of individual behavior in a large fish shoal: advantages and limits. Behavior Research Methods, 41(1), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.1.228
  • Han, F., Zhu, J., Liu, B., Zhang, B., & Xie, F. (2020). Fish Shoals Behavior Detection Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Spatiotemporal Information. IEEE Access, 8, 126907-126926. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3008698
  • Føre, M., Frank, K., Norton, T., Svendsen, E., Alfredsen, J.A., Dempster, T., & Berckmans, D. (2018). Precision fish farming: A new framework to improve production in aquaculture. Biosystems Engineering, 173, 176-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.10.014
  • Hong, X., & Zha, J. (2019). Fish behavior: A promising model for aquatic toxicology research. Science of the Total Environment, 686, 311-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.028
  • Kane, A.S., Salierno, J.D., Gipson, G.T., Molteno, T.C., & Hunter, C. (2004). A video-based movement analysis system to quantify behavioral stress responses of fish. Water Research, 38(18), 3993-4001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.06.028
  • Karataş, B. (2015). Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ve kahverengi alabalığın (Salmo trutta ssp) farklı oranlarda birlikte yetiştiriciliğinin büyüme performansı, yem değerlendirme ve davranış üzerine etkileri (398725). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp
  • Karataş, B., Arabacı, M., & Önalan, Ş. (2017). Comparison of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta ssp) dual culture in different ratios and growth performances. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49(6). https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.6.2257.2261
  • Li, D., Wang, Z., Wu, S., Miao, Z., Du, L., & Duan, Y. (2020). Automatic recognition methods of fish feeding behavior in aquaculture: A review. Aquaculture, 735508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735508
  • Okumuş, İ., Değirmenci, A., Başçınar, N., & Çelikkale, M.S. (2001). Comparative performance approximate biochemical composition and consumer preference of albino and normally pigmented varieties of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1, 23-28.
  • Papadakis, V.M., Papadakis, I.E., Lamprianidou, F., Glaropoulos, A., & Kentouri, M. (2012). A computer-vision system and methodology for the analysis of fish behavior. Aquacultural Engineering, 46, 53-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2011.11.002
  • Papadakis, V.M., Glaropoulos, A., & Kentouri, M. (2014). Sub-second analysis of fish behavior using a novel computer-vision system. Aquacultural Engineering, 62, 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2014.06.003
  • Pinkiewicz, T.H., Purser, G.J., & Williams, R.N. (2011). A computer vision system to analyse the swimming behavior of farmed fish in commercial aquaculture facilities: A case study using cage-held Atlantic salmon. Aquacultural Engineering, 45(1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2011.05.002
  • Rahman, M.M., & Verdegem, M., (2010). Effects of intra-and interspecific competition on diet, growth and behavior of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) and Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch). Applied Animal Behavior Science, 128(1-4), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2010.09.015
  • Sadoul, B., Mengues, P.E., Friggens, N.C., Prunet, P., & Colson, V. (2014). A new method for measuring group behaviors of fish shoals from recorded videos taken in near aquaculture conditions. Aquaculture, 430, 179-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.04.008
  • Salierno, J.D., Gipson, G.T., & Kane, A.S. (2008). Quantitative movement analysis of social behavior in mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Journal of Ethology, 26(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-006-0027-7
  • Sırtkaya, N. (2013). Saf ve karısık olarak yetiştirilen gökkusağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ve kalkan balığı (Psetta maxima)’nın büyüme performanslarının karşılaştırılması (332078). Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp
  • Stien, L.H., Bratland, S., Austevoll, I., Oppedal, F., & Kristiansen, T.S. (2007). A video analysis procedure for assessing vertical fish distribution in aquaculture tanks. Aquacultural Engineering, 37(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2007.03.002
  • Waggett, R.J., & Buskey, E.J. (2007). Calanoid copepod escape behavior in response to a visual predator. Marine Biology, 150(4), 599-607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0384-3
  • Xu, J., Liu, Y., Cui, S., & Miao, X. (2006). Behavioral responses of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels as monitored by computer vision. Aquacultural Engineering, 35(3), 207-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2006.02.004
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Boran Karataş 0000-0003-4353-1293

Muhammed Arabacı 0000-0002-2462-6441

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date September 14, 2021
Acceptance Date December 10, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karataş, B., & Arabacı, M. (2021). Examination of Behavioral Traits of Monocultures and Polycultures of Two Different Trout Species (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo sp.) at Different Ratios Depending on Various Factors. Commagene Journal of Biology, 5(2), 187-192. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.995166