Ceyhan Ovası Pamuk Tarımında Uygulanan Şeritvari toprak İşleme Yönteminin Verime Etkisi

Abstract

Artan dünya nüfusunun gıda güvenliği göz önüne alındığında, sera gazı emisyonlarını azaltacak, iklim değişikliğine dayanıklı ve duyarlı, erozyonu önleyecek, toprağı koruyacak sürdürülebilir tarımsal üretim sistemlerinin oluşturulması son derece önemlidir. Koruyucu toprak işleme yöntemlerinden biri olan şeritvari toprak işleme yönteminde, tohum yatağı hazırlığı için ekimden önce tarla yüzeyinin %30-%40'ı şerit formunda işlenir. Tohum ekim sıraları arasındaki topraklar ise hiç işlenmeden anız ile örtülür. Araştırma, 2023-2024 yılları arasında Çukurova Bölgesi Ceyhan Ovası'nda bulunan bir deneme arazisinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, geleneksel toprak işleme yöntemi (CT) ile şeritvari toprak işleme (ST) yöntemleri pamuk verimi bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Tarla denemeleri 4 tekrarlı olarak düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan pamuk çeşidi Ceyhan 520 olup bin tane ağırlığı 105 gr'dır. Araştırma sonucunda, ortalama 427,5 kg/da verim ile geleneksel toprak işleme yöntemi şeritvari toprak işlemeye göre daha yüksek pamuk verimi elde edilmiştir. Şerit toprak işleme yönteminde verim ortalama 417,5 kg/da olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Geleneksel toprak işleme ile şerit toprak işleme yöntemleri karşılaştırıldığında pamuk verimi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır (P˂0,05). Bu nedenle her iki yöntemin verim sonuçları birbirine yakın olduğundan geleneksel toprak işleme yöntemine alternatif olarak, tasarruflu ve sürdürülebilir bir yöntem olan şerit toprak işleme yönteminin tercih edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Keywords

• koruyucu toprak işleme
• sürdürülebilir tarım
• pamuk yetiştiriciliği
• Şeritvari toprak işleme

The Effect of Strip Tillage Method Applied in Cotton Cultivation in Ceyhan Plain on Yield

Abstract

Considering the food security of the increasing world population, it is extremely important to create sustainable agricultural production systems that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions, are resistant to and sensitive to climate change, prevent erosion, and protect the soil. In the strip tillage method, which is one of the conservation tillage methods, 30%-40% of the field surface is allowed to be tilled in a strip form before planting for seed bed preparation. The soil between seed planting rows are left no-tilled, covered with stubble. The research was carried out in a trial field in the Ceyhan Plain of the Çukurova Region between 2023-2024. In the research, the conventional tillage method (CT) and the strip tillage (ST) methods were compared in terms of cotton yield. Field trials were arranged with 4 replicates. The cotton variety used in the research was Ceyhan 520 and its thousand-grain weight was 105 g. As a result of the research, higher cotton yield was obtained with an average yield of 427.5 kg/da compared to the conventional tillage method with strip tillage. The yield in the strip tillage method was 417.5 kg/da on average. When the conventional tillage and strip tillage methods were compared, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of the cotton yield (P˂0.05). Therefore, since the yield results of the two methods are close to each other, it is recommended to prefer the strip tillage method, which is a conservation and sustainable method, as an alternative to conventional tillage.

Keywords

• Strip tillage
• conservation tillage
• sustainable agriculture
• cotton

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