Bazı Çalı Türlerinin Besin Maddesi İçeriklerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Çanakkale meralarında bulunan 9 farklı çalı türünün (akçakesme, kermes meşesi, mazı meşesi, karaçalı, katırtırnağı, deniz üzümü, yalancı akasya, keçi gevişi, katran ardıcı) besin maddesi içeriğinin mevsimsel değişimini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bitki örnekleri 2013–2014 yıllarında ÇOMÜ/TETAM bünyesinde yer alan 30 dekarlık çalılı doğal mera alanı ile üniversitenin kampüs alanından alınmıştır. Denemede çalıların mevsimlik olarak ham protein, ham yağ, tanen, NDF, ADF ve ADL oranları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çalıların ham protein içerikleri ilkbahardan (%12,75) itibaren kış mevsimine (%7,08) kadar sürekli azalmıştır. Bitkilerde en yüksek ham protein oranı (%16,31) yalancı akasya, en düşük protein oranı (%5,34) ise katran ardıcında tespit edilmiştir. Ham yağ oranları kış (%7,50) ve sonbahar (%6,50) mevsimlerinde yüksek, ilkbahar (%5,62) ve yazın (%5,41) düşük olmuştur. Katran ardıcı en yüksek ham yağ oranına (%7,54) sahip olurken, en düşük ham yağ oranı (%4,46) karaçalıda ortaya çıkmıştır. En yüksek tanen oranı %2,18 ile deniz üzümünde, en düşük ise %0,11 ile katırtırnağında tespit edilmiştir. Ham protein oranlarının tersine hücre çeperi bileşenleri (NDF, ADF, ADL) olgunlaşmaya bağlı olarak artmıştır. En yüksek NDF, ADF ve ADL oranları (%53,87, 44,15 ve 16,98) katırtırnağında; en düşük NDF ve ADL (%35,22 ve 8,54) keçi gevişinde, en düşük ADF(%24,20)ise karaçalıda elde edilmiştir. Buna göre, kış döneminde yüksek protein içeren yem takviyesi yapılmak kaydıyla, bu çalılar genelde keçiler için yıl boyu yeterli yem üretebildiği söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Çalı, Ham protein oranı, Ham yağ, Tanen, NDF, ADF, ADL

Seasonal Changes in the Nutrient Contents of Some Shrub Species

Abstract

This study was conducted in order to determine the seasonal changes in the nutrient contents of nine different shrub species (Phillyrea latifolia L., Quercus coccifera L., Quercus infectoria Olivier., Paliurus spina–christi MİLLER., Spartium junceum L., Ephedra major HOST., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Anagyris foetida L. and Juniperus oxycedrus L.) found in pastures in Çanakkale. Plant samples were taken from 30 acre areas of natural pasture located in ÇOMÜ TETAM and the territory of university campus during the years 2013–2014. The seasonal levels of crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, ADL and tannin of above mentioned shrubs were identified during this research work. According to the obtained results, the crude protein content of shrubs has been decreased constantly from winter (12.75%) to spring (7.08%).The highest level of crude protein (16.31%) in Robinia pseudoacacia L. as for that the lowest protein (5.34%) has been found in Juniperus oxycedrus L. Overall ratio of crude fat in plants was found higher in winter (7.50%) and autumn (6.50%) while lower in spring (5.62%) and summer (5.41%). Juniperus oxycedrus L.possessed the highest crude fat ratio (7.54%) while the lowest ratio of crude fat (4.46%) has been emerged in Paliurus spina–christi MİLLER. Highest tannin has been detected in Ephedra major HOST. and the lowest in Spartium junceum L. at 2.181and 0.11 percentage levels, respectively. In contrast to the crude protein contents, the cell wall components like NDF, ADF and ADL have been increased depending as of maturity. Highest ratio of NDF, ADF and ADL (53.87%, 44.15%and 16.98%) in Spartium junceum L., the lowest NDF and ADL (35.22%and 8.54%) in Anagyris foetida L. and the lowest ADF (24.20%) has been obtained in Paliurus spina–christi MİLLER. According to these results, high protein feed supplement during the winter, if performed, these shrubs can be said to produce enough forage generally for goats throughout the year

Keywords

• Shrub, Crude protein level, Crude fat, Tannin, NDF, ADF, ADL

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