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Farklı Yıkama İşlemlerinin Üzümlerde Tebuconazole Kalıntısına Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 259 - 269, 21.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33202/comuagri.878597

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, üzümlerde tebuconazole kalıntılarının değişik yıkama yöntemleri ile giderilmesi araştırılmıştır. QuEChERS AOAC 2007.1 yönteminin üzümlerde tebuconazole kalıntı analizi için uygunluğu doğrulanmıştır. Bu amaçla metot doğrulama için (verification) hiçbir pestisit kalıntısı içermeyen üzümleri iyice homojenize edilmiş ve tebuconazole 0.05, 0.5 ve 5 mg/kg seviyelerinde spike edilmiştir. QuEChERS yöntemi, %6.33 standart sapma, %6.15 relatif standart sapma değeri ile %102.96 geri alım sağlamıştır (n=36). Bu bulgular SANTE geri alım limitleri (%60-140) ve tekrar edilebilirlik değerleri (RSD ≤ %20) ile uyumludur. Matrisli tebuconazole kalibrasyon eğrisi, 1-200 pg/µl sınırlarında doğrusaldır (R≥0.999). Tebuconazole’un LOQ değeri 1 µg/kg olarak bulunmuştur, bu da üzümlerdeki MRL değeri olan 500 µg/kg ın çok altındadır. Bağda tebuconazole etkili maddeli fungisit ile 4 defa ilaçlama yapılmış ve son ilaçlamanın 1., 3., 5., 7., ve 14. günlerinde hasat yapılmıştır. Üzümler yıkama uygulamalarına tabi tutulmuştur. Tebuconazole kalıntıları artan yıkama süreleri ile azalmıştır. Benzeri şekilde hasat dönemi ilerledikçe kalıntı giderme oranları azalmıştır. Kalıntı giderme oranı sırası, ultrasonik yıkama> asedik asit> sitrik asit> çeşme suyu şeklinde olmuştur. MRL’yi aşan kalıntılar, her 4 yıkama uygulamasında MRL’nin altına inmiştir.

References

  • Anastassiades, M.; Lehotay, S.J., Stajnbaher, D., Schenck, F.J., 2003. Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and dispersive solid-phase extraction for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. J.AOAC Int. 86: 412–431.
  • Anonim, 2020. Pestisitlerin kalıntı limitlerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılacak işleme faktörleri veritabanı. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/GKGM/Belgeler/DB_Gida_Isletmeleri/isleme_faktorleri_veritabani.xlsm. Erişim Tarihi: 21.01.2021
  • CAC, 2003. Codex Alimentarius Commission Guidelines on good laboratory practice in pesticide residue analysis. CAC/GL 40-1993 http://www.fao.org/input/download/standards/ 378/cxg_040e.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 15.03. 2018.
  • Çatak, H., Tiryaki, O., 2020. Insecticide residue analyses in cucumbers sampled from Çanakkale open markets. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 44(4): 449-460.
  • Çatak, H.,Polat, B., Tiryaki, O., 2020. Farklı yıkama uygulamaları ile kapya biberlerde pirimiphos-methyl kalıntısının giderilmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35 (1): 97-105.
  • EFSA, 2017. The 2015 European Union report on pesticide residues in food. European Food Safety Authority, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4791 https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4791. Erişim Tarihi: 25. 01. 2021
  • Kong, Z., Dong, F., Xu, J., Liu, X., Li J., Li, Y., Tian, Y., Guo, L. Shan, W. Zheng, Y., 2012. Degradation of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos in rice during processing and storage. Food Control, 23: 149-153.
  • Ersoy, N., Tatlı, Ö., Özcan, S., Evcil, E., Coşkun, L.Ş., Erdoğan, E., Keskin, G., 2011. Üzüm ve çilekte pestisit kalıntılarının LC-MS/MS ile belirlenmesi. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi. 25 (2): 70-80.
  • Krol, W.J., Arsenult, T.L., Pylypiw, M.H., Mattina, M.J.I., 2000. Reduction of pesticide residues on produce by rinsing. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 48(10): 4666-4670.
  • Lozowicka, B., Jankowska M., Hrynko, I., Kaczynski, P., 2016. Removal of 16 pesticide residues from strawberries by washing with tap and ozone water, ultrasonic cleaning and boiling. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188 (1): 51-69.
  • Lehotay, S. J. Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. J. AOAC Int. 2007, 90, 485–520.
  • Ling, Y., Wang, H., Yong, W., Zhang, F., Sun, L., Yanh, M., Wu, Y.N., Chu, X.G., 2011. The effects of washing and cooking on chlorpyrifos and its toxic metabolites in vegetables. Food Control. 22(1): 54-58.
  • Nalcı, T., Dardeniz, A., Polat, B., Tiryaki, O., 2018. Erkenci, orta geç/son turfanda üzüm çeşitlerindeki pestisit kalıntılarının QuEChERS analiz yöntemi ile belirlenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 6: 39-44.
  • Ong, K.C., Cash J.N., Zabik M.J., Siddiq M., Jones A.L.,1996. Chlorine and ozone washes for pesticide removal from apples and processed apple sauce, Food Chemistry, 55(2): 153-160.
  • Ömeroglu, P.Y., Ambrus, Á., Boyacıoglu, D., 2013. Estimation of sample processing uncertainty of large-size crops in pesticide residue analysis. Food Analytical Methods, 6(1): 238-247.
  • Polat, B., Tiryaki O., 2020. Assessing washing methods for reduction of pesticide residues in Capia pepper with LC-MS/MS. Journal of Envıronmental Science and Health Part B-Pesticides Food Contamınants and Agrıcultural Wastes. 55(1): 1-10.
  • Randhawa, M. A., Anjum, M.N., Butt, M.S., Yasin, M., Imran, M., 2014. Minimization of imidacloprid residues in cucumber and bell pepper through washing with citric acid and acetic acid solutions and their dietary intake assessment. International Journal of Food Properties, 17(5): 978-986.
  • RASFF, 2021. RASFF Portal. Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/portal/?event=SearchForm&cleanSearch=1. Erişim Tarihi: 25. 01. 2021
  • Satpaty, G., Tyagi, Y., Gupta, R., 2012. Removal of organophosphorus (op) pesticide residues from vegetables using washing solutions and boiling. Journal of Agricultural Science. 4 (2).
  • Sahoo, S.; Mandal, K.; Kumar, R.; Singh, B.2014. Analysis of fluopicolide and propamocarb residues on tomato and soil using QuEChERS sample preparation method in combination with GLC and GCMS.Food Analytical Methods. 7 (5): 1032-1042.
  • Temur, C., Tiryaki, O., Uzun, O., Basaran, M.,2012. Adaptation and validation of QuEChERS method for the analysis of trifluralin in wind-eroded soil, J.Environ. Sci.and Health, Part B. 47 (9): 842-850.
  • Tiryaki, O.,2016. Validation of QuEChERS method for the determination of some pesticide residues in two apple varieties. Journal of Envıronmental Science and Health, Part B. 51(10): 722–729.
  • Uysal, P. Ç., Bilişli, A., 2006. Fate of endosulfan and deltamethrin residues during tomato paste production. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 7 (2): 343-348.
  • Zhou, Q., Biain, Y., Peng, Q., Liu, F., Wang, W. Chen, F.,2019. The effects and mechanism of using ultrasonic dishwasher to remove five pesticides from rape and grape. Food Chemisrty. 298: 125007.

The Effect of Different Washing Method on Tebuconazole Residue in Grapes

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 259 - 269, 21.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33202/comuagri.878597

Abstract

Removing of tebuconazole residues from grapes by using various washing methods was investigated in the study. The suitability of the QuEChERS AOAC 2007.1 method for tebuconazole residue analysis in grapes was verified. For this purpose, grapes without any pesticide residue were thoroughly homogenized and tebuconazole was spiked at 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/kg levels. With the QuEChERS method %102.96 (n=36) of tebuconazle recovered with a 6.33 standard deviation and %6.15 relative standard deviation (RSD). These findings are comply with SANTE recovery limits (%60-140) and specified repatability (RSD ≤ %20). The matrix-matched tebuconazole calibration curve was linear (R≥0.999) over the range of 1-200 pg/µl. LOQ value of tebuconazole was 1 µg/kg, which less than MRL (500 µg/kg). In the vineyard, 4 times tebuconazole sprayed during season and grapes were harvested on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7 th and 14th day of last spraying. Then grapes were treated with washing treatments. Tebuconazole residues decreased with increasing washing durations. Similarly, a gradual reduction was determined with the increasing harvest times. The order of residue removal was ultrasonic cleaner> acedic acid> citric acid> tap water. The residues exceeding the MRL decreased below the MRL by washing processes.

References

  • Anastassiades, M.; Lehotay, S.J., Stajnbaher, D., Schenck, F.J., 2003. Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and dispersive solid-phase extraction for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. J.AOAC Int. 86: 412–431.
  • Anonim, 2020. Pestisitlerin kalıntı limitlerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılacak işleme faktörleri veritabanı. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/GKGM/Belgeler/DB_Gida_Isletmeleri/isleme_faktorleri_veritabani.xlsm. Erişim Tarihi: 21.01.2021
  • CAC, 2003. Codex Alimentarius Commission Guidelines on good laboratory practice in pesticide residue analysis. CAC/GL 40-1993 http://www.fao.org/input/download/standards/ 378/cxg_040e.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 15.03. 2018.
  • Çatak, H., Tiryaki, O., 2020. Insecticide residue analyses in cucumbers sampled from Çanakkale open markets. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi. 44(4): 449-460.
  • Çatak, H.,Polat, B., Tiryaki, O., 2020. Farklı yıkama uygulamaları ile kapya biberlerde pirimiphos-methyl kalıntısının giderilmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35 (1): 97-105.
  • EFSA, 2017. The 2015 European Union report on pesticide residues in food. European Food Safety Authority, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4791 https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4791. Erişim Tarihi: 25. 01. 2021
  • Kong, Z., Dong, F., Xu, J., Liu, X., Li J., Li, Y., Tian, Y., Guo, L. Shan, W. Zheng, Y., 2012. Degradation of acephate and its metabolite methamidophos in rice during processing and storage. Food Control, 23: 149-153.
  • Ersoy, N., Tatlı, Ö., Özcan, S., Evcil, E., Coşkun, L.Ş., Erdoğan, E., Keskin, G., 2011. Üzüm ve çilekte pestisit kalıntılarının LC-MS/MS ile belirlenmesi. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi. 25 (2): 70-80.
  • Krol, W.J., Arsenult, T.L., Pylypiw, M.H., Mattina, M.J.I., 2000. Reduction of pesticide residues on produce by rinsing. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 48(10): 4666-4670.
  • Lozowicka, B., Jankowska M., Hrynko, I., Kaczynski, P., 2016. Removal of 16 pesticide residues from strawberries by washing with tap and ozone water, ultrasonic cleaning and boiling. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188 (1): 51-69.
  • Lehotay, S. J. Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. J. AOAC Int. 2007, 90, 485–520.
  • Ling, Y., Wang, H., Yong, W., Zhang, F., Sun, L., Yanh, M., Wu, Y.N., Chu, X.G., 2011. The effects of washing and cooking on chlorpyrifos and its toxic metabolites in vegetables. Food Control. 22(1): 54-58.
  • Nalcı, T., Dardeniz, A., Polat, B., Tiryaki, O., 2018. Erkenci, orta geç/son turfanda üzüm çeşitlerindeki pestisit kalıntılarının QuEChERS analiz yöntemi ile belirlenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 6: 39-44.
  • Ong, K.C., Cash J.N., Zabik M.J., Siddiq M., Jones A.L.,1996. Chlorine and ozone washes for pesticide removal from apples and processed apple sauce, Food Chemistry, 55(2): 153-160.
  • Ömeroglu, P.Y., Ambrus, Á., Boyacıoglu, D., 2013. Estimation of sample processing uncertainty of large-size crops in pesticide residue analysis. Food Analytical Methods, 6(1): 238-247.
  • Polat, B., Tiryaki O., 2020. Assessing washing methods for reduction of pesticide residues in Capia pepper with LC-MS/MS. Journal of Envıronmental Science and Health Part B-Pesticides Food Contamınants and Agrıcultural Wastes. 55(1): 1-10.
  • Randhawa, M. A., Anjum, M.N., Butt, M.S., Yasin, M., Imran, M., 2014. Minimization of imidacloprid residues in cucumber and bell pepper through washing with citric acid and acetic acid solutions and their dietary intake assessment. International Journal of Food Properties, 17(5): 978-986.
  • RASFF, 2021. RASFF Portal. Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/rasff-window/portal/?event=SearchForm&cleanSearch=1. Erişim Tarihi: 25. 01. 2021
  • Satpaty, G., Tyagi, Y., Gupta, R., 2012. Removal of organophosphorus (op) pesticide residues from vegetables using washing solutions and boiling. Journal of Agricultural Science. 4 (2).
  • Sahoo, S.; Mandal, K.; Kumar, R.; Singh, B.2014. Analysis of fluopicolide and propamocarb residues on tomato and soil using QuEChERS sample preparation method in combination with GLC and GCMS.Food Analytical Methods. 7 (5): 1032-1042.
  • Temur, C., Tiryaki, O., Uzun, O., Basaran, M.,2012. Adaptation and validation of QuEChERS method for the analysis of trifluralin in wind-eroded soil, J.Environ. Sci.and Health, Part B. 47 (9): 842-850.
  • Tiryaki, O.,2016. Validation of QuEChERS method for the determination of some pesticide residues in two apple varieties. Journal of Envıronmental Science and Health, Part B. 51(10): 722–729.
  • Uysal, P. Ç., Bilişli, A., 2006. Fate of endosulfan and deltamethrin residues during tomato paste production. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 7 (2): 343-348.
  • Zhou, Q., Biain, Y., Peng, Q., Liu, F., Wang, W. Chen, F.,2019. The effects and mechanism of using ultrasonic dishwasher to remove five pesticides from rape and grape. Food Chemisrty. 298: 125007.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayşegül Duman This is me 0000-0001-6347-3436

Uğur Çiftçi This is me 0000-0001-8347-8007

Osman Tiryaki 0000-0002-7509-8423

Publication Date December 21, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Duman, A., Çiftçi, U., & Tiryaki, O. (2021). Farklı Yıkama İşlemlerinin Üzümlerde Tebuconazole Kalıntısına Etkisi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(2), 259-269. https://doi.org/10.33202/comuagri.878597