Evaluation of the Heavy Metal Mobility by a Sequential Extraction Method in the Agricultural Fields of Özbek Plain (Çanakkale)

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 43 - 55, 17.05.2018

Mehmet İşler , Ali Sungur , Mustafa Soylak

https://doi.org/10.28979/comufbed.393821

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Heavy
metal contamination of the soil caused by human activity brings along the
environmental concerns. Heavy metal pollution in the terrestrial environment is
a worldwide problem for agricultural areas. The aim of this study is to
determine the heavy metal fractionation, mobility, and its possible sources in
Özbek Plain agricultural fields using a sequential extraction method. For this
purpose, soil samples were taken from a total of twelve points in the Özbek
plain (Çanakkale), which has an important agricultural potential. Cadmium (Cd),
chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) elements found in the
samples were extracted into the solvent by sequential extraction method using a
different solvent system in each phase and the metal concentrations were
determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. As the analysis of total
metal contents found in soil samples indicate, the values of Cd, Pb, and
partially Cu were determined to be higher than the general agricultural soil
values. Application of the sequential extraction method revealed that Cd (59%)
and Pb (58%) elements have high rates of mobile fractions, which is fed by
anthropogenic sources. It was concluded that the control and monitoring of Cd
and Pb elements in the investigation site will be important for the environment.
It will be beneficial to use the sequential extraction methods in a wider range
both ecologically and in terms of agricultural production, as they provide more
detailed and reliable information for planning and management, especially in
areas where agricultural production is made.

Keywords

heavy metal, mobility, sequential extraction, soil

Özbek Ovası (Çanakkale) Tarım Topraklarında Ağır Metal Mobilitesinin Bir Ardışık Ekstraksiyon Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

İnsan faaliyetlerine bağlı olarak
toprakların ağır metallerce kirletilmesi çevresel kaygıları beraberinde
getirmektedir. Karasal ortamdaki ağır metal kirliliği, tarım alanları için
dünya çapında bir sorundur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Özbek Ovası topraklarında ağır
metal fraksiyonlanmasını, mobilitesini ve olası kaynaklarını bir ardışık
ekstraksiyon yöntemi kullanarak belirlemektir. Bu amaçla önemli
bir tarımsal potansiyeline sahip olan Özbek Ovasından (Çanakkale) toplam on iki
noktadan toprak numuneleri alınmıştır. Örneklerde bulunan kadminyum (Cd), krom
(Cr), bakır (Cu), kurşun (Pb) ve çinko (Zn) elementleri ardışık ekstraksiyon
yöntemiyle her basamakta farklı çözücü sistemi kullanarak çözücü içerisine
ekstrakte edilmiş ve metallerin konsantrasyonları alevli atomik absorpsiyon
spektrometresi ile belirlenmiştir. Topraklarda
bulunan toplam ağır metal içerikleri incelendiğinde Cd, Pb ve kısmen Cu’nun genel
tarımsal toprak değerlerin üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Ardışık ekstraksiyon yönteminin
uygulanması, Cd (% 59) ve Pb (% 58) elementlerinin yüksek oranda mobil fraksiyonlara
sahip olduğu ve bunun antropojenik kaynaklardan beslendiğini göstermiştir. Çalışma alanında
özellikle Cd ve Pb elementlerinin kontrol altında tutulması ve izlenmesi çevre
açısından önemli olacağı kanısına varılmıştır. Gerek
çevresel bakımdan gerekse de tarımsal üretim bakımından ardışık ekstraksiyon
yöntemleri, özellikle tarımsal üretimin yapıldığı alanlarda planlama ve yönetim
için daha ayrıntılı ve güvenilir bilgiler verdiğinden daha geniş kapsamlı
kullanılması yararlı olacaktır.

 

Keywords

Ağır metal, Ardışık ekstraksiyon, Mobilite, Toprak

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