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Spor Kulüplerinde Dijital Dönüşüm Sürecinde Siber Güvenlik ve Dijital Risk Yönetimi

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 32 - 43, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, spor kulüplerinde dijital dönüşüm sürecinde siber güvenlik ve dijital risk yönetiminin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi tekniği kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Spor kulüplerinde dijital dönüşüm sürecinde siber güvenlik ve dijital risk yönetimi konularına ilişkin ulusal ve uluslararası akademik yayınlar, resmi raporlar ve yasal düzenlemeler detaylı biçimde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tematik analiz yöntemiyle sınıflandırılarak sistematik bir biçimde yorumlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada, spor kulüplerinin dijitalleşme süreciyle birlikte hem önemli fırsatlar hem de farklı risklerle karşı karşıya kaldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Dijital uygulamaların, taraftar etkileşimini artırma, hizmet sunumunu kolaylaştırma ve gelir yönetimini iyileştirme açısından önemli avantajlar sağladığı vurgulanmaktadır. Bu dönüşüm sürecinin, aynı zamanda kişisel veri güvenliği, teknik altyapı zafiyetleri, siber tehditlere açıklık ve kriz durumlarında yetersiz dijital iletişim gibi çeşitli yapısal sorunları da beraberinde getirdiği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte birçok kulübün bu risklere karşı yeterli önleyici strateji geliştiremediğini ve kurumsal hazırlık düzeyinin düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu araştırma, spor kulüplerinin dijital dönüşüm sürecinde karşılaştıkları siber güvenlik tehditleri ile dijital risklerin yalnızca teknik boyutla sınırlı kalmayıp, aynı zamanda yönetsel ve stratejik boyutlar da taşıdığını göstermektedir. Dijital altyapı, veri güvenliği, ödeme sistemleri ve kriz iletişimi gibi alanlarda yaşanan yapısal zafiyetler, kulüplerin dijital tehditlere karşı direnç geliştirme kapasitesini sınırlamaktadır.

References

  • Akmeşe, S. (2020). Kamuda dijital dönüşümün siber güvenlik ve dijital güvence boyutları ve iç denetimin rolü. Denetişim, (20), 108-119.
  • Ataman, A. (2025). Why cybersecurity in sports is more important than ever. AIMultiple. https://aimultiple.com/cybersecurity-in-sports Erişim Tarihi: 29.07.2025
  • Balcı, A. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntem, teknik ve ilkeler. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Bucea-Manea-Țoniș, R., Antonescu, A. G., & Mihăilă, C. (2025). Blockchain in sports: A comparative analysis of applications and perceptions in football and basketball. Applied Sciences, 15(12), 6829.
  • Chang, K. (2024). Risk management in sport for athletes towards a successful sporting program. International Journal of Education and Humanities. https://doi.org/10.54097/g5gs1702.
  • Dacorogna, M., & Kratz, M. (2023). Managing cyber risk, a science in the making. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2023(10), 1000-1021.
  • Ersöz, B., & Özmen, M. (2020). Dijitalleşme ve bilişim teknolojilerinin çalışanlar üzerindeki etkileri. AJIT-e: Academic Journal of Information Technology, 11(42), 170-179.
  • Gasana, K. (2024). Crisis communication and reputation management in the age of fake news. Journal of Public Relations, 3(1), 28-39.
  • Grover, H. S. (2023). Data protection: Need? Indeed. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, 27(1), 3.
  • Karasar, N. (2005). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Mahinay, J., & Teleron, J. (2023). Navigating the labyrinth: Unraveling security threats and vulnerabilities in network ınfrastructures. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology. https://doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-13874.
  • May, T., & Perry, B. (2022). Social research: Issues, methods and process. London: McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Murathan, T., & Murathan, F. (2019). Spor sektöründe blok zinciri uygulamaları. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 64-74.
  • Nešić, M. (2018). Sports club as a factor in security management of a sport event. Poslovna ekonomija, 12(2), 128-140.
  • NCC Group. (2024). Cyber threats in sport: The hidden opponent. Oxford: University of Oxford Researcher Strategy Consultancy in collaboration with Phoenix Sport & Media Group. Erişim adresi: https://www.nccgroup.com/media/zugjppis/cyber-threats-in-sport-whitepaper_final.pdf Erişim tarihi: 30.07.2025
  • Pilkington, M. (2016). Blockchain technology: principles and applications. In Research handbook on digital transformations (ss. 225-253). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Praveen, T. (2024). Mitigating cyber threats in digital payments: Key measures and ımplementation strategies. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Trends, 10(5), ISSN 2395-566X.
  • Santos, A. (2023). What is sports management in the digital age?. Revista ıntercontinental de gestão desportiva. https://doi.org/10.51995/2237-3373.v13i3e110060.
  • Stegmann, P., Ströbel, T., & Woratschek, H. (2024). Categorizing engagement behavior in sport brand communities–an empirical study informed by social practice theory. Sport Management Review, 27(4), 544-571.
  • Stegmann, P., & Lang, G. (2025). Digital transformation in voluntary sports organizations: A scoping review on multi-level drivers, promoting factors, forms and consequences. Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS), 10(2), 053-053.
  • Urs, B. A. (2015). Security issues and solutions in e-payment systems. Fiat Iustitia, (1).
  • Üstünel, R., & Alkurt, Z. (2015). Futbolda şiddet ve düzensizliğin önlenmesi için 6222 sayılı yasanın getirdiği yeni bir uygulama: Elektronik bilet ve yaşanan sorunlar. Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 21(1).
  • Zhou, W., & Huang, Q. (2021). Risk management of community sports based on AI technology. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1852, No. 4, p. 042092). Bristol: IOP Publishing.
  • Wang, J., Shen, J., Chen, X., & Zhang, J. (2023). A study on the application of digital technology in large-scale events risk management. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management, (BDEDM 2023), January 6–8, 2023, Changsha, China. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-1-2023.2330329

Cyber Security and Digital Risk Management In The Digital Transformation Process Of Sports Clubs

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 32 - 43, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine cyber security and digital risk management in the digital transformation process of sports clubs.
Method: The research was conducted using the document analysis technique, one of the qualitative research methods. National and international academic publications, official reports and legal regulations concerning cyber security and digital risk management in the digital transformation process of sports clubs were examined in detail. The data obtained were classified using thematic analysis and interpreted systematically.
Results: The study found that sports clubs face both significant opportunities and various risks as they undergo digital transformation. It emphasises that digital applications offer important advantages in terms of increasing fan engagement, facilitating service delivery and improving revenue management. It was also determined that this transformation process brings with it various structural problems, such as personal data security, technical infrastructure weaknesses, vulnerability to cyber threats, and inadequate digital communication in crisis situations. Furthermore, it was found that many clubs have failed to develop adequate preventive strategies against these risks and that their level of organisational preparedness is low.
Conclusion: This research demonstrates that the cyber security threats and digital risks encountered by sports clubs during their digital transformation process are not limited to technical aspects, but also involve managerial and strategic dimensions. Structural weaknesses in areas such as digital infrastructure, data security, payment systems and crisis communication limit clubs' capacity to develop resilience against digital threats.

References

  • Akmeşe, S. (2020). Kamuda dijital dönüşümün siber güvenlik ve dijital güvence boyutları ve iç denetimin rolü. Denetişim, (20), 108-119.
  • Ataman, A. (2025). Why cybersecurity in sports is more important than ever. AIMultiple. https://aimultiple.com/cybersecurity-in-sports Erişim Tarihi: 29.07.2025
  • Balcı, A. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntem, teknik ve ilkeler. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Bucea-Manea-Țoniș, R., Antonescu, A. G., & Mihăilă, C. (2025). Blockchain in sports: A comparative analysis of applications and perceptions in football and basketball. Applied Sciences, 15(12), 6829.
  • Chang, K. (2024). Risk management in sport for athletes towards a successful sporting program. International Journal of Education and Humanities. https://doi.org/10.54097/g5gs1702.
  • Dacorogna, M., & Kratz, M. (2023). Managing cyber risk, a science in the making. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2023(10), 1000-1021.
  • Ersöz, B., & Özmen, M. (2020). Dijitalleşme ve bilişim teknolojilerinin çalışanlar üzerindeki etkileri. AJIT-e: Academic Journal of Information Technology, 11(42), 170-179.
  • Gasana, K. (2024). Crisis communication and reputation management in the age of fake news. Journal of Public Relations, 3(1), 28-39.
  • Grover, H. S. (2023). Data protection: Need? Indeed. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, 27(1), 3.
  • Karasar, N. (2005). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Mahinay, J., & Teleron, J. (2023). Navigating the labyrinth: Unraveling security threats and vulnerabilities in network ınfrastructures. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology. https://doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-13874.
  • May, T., & Perry, B. (2022). Social research: Issues, methods and process. London: McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Murathan, T., & Murathan, F. (2019). Spor sektöründe blok zinciri uygulamaları. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 64-74.
  • Nešić, M. (2018). Sports club as a factor in security management of a sport event. Poslovna ekonomija, 12(2), 128-140.
  • NCC Group. (2024). Cyber threats in sport: The hidden opponent. Oxford: University of Oxford Researcher Strategy Consultancy in collaboration with Phoenix Sport & Media Group. Erişim adresi: https://www.nccgroup.com/media/zugjppis/cyber-threats-in-sport-whitepaper_final.pdf Erişim tarihi: 30.07.2025
  • Pilkington, M. (2016). Blockchain technology: principles and applications. In Research handbook on digital transformations (ss. 225-253). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Praveen, T. (2024). Mitigating cyber threats in digital payments: Key measures and ımplementation strategies. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Trends, 10(5), ISSN 2395-566X.
  • Santos, A. (2023). What is sports management in the digital age?. Revista ıntercontinental de gestão desportiva. https://doi.org/10.51995/2237-3373.v13i3e110060.
  • Stegmann, P., Ströbel, T., & Woratschek, H. (2024). Categorizing engagement behavior in sport brand communities–an empirical study informed by social practice theory. Sport Management Review, 27(4), 544-571.
  • Stegmann, P., & Lang, G. (2025). Digital transformation in voluntary sports organizations: A scoping review on multi-level drivers, promoting factors, forms and consequences. Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS), 10(2), 053-053.
  • Urs, B. A. (2015). Security issues and solutions in e-payment systems. Fiat Iustitia, (1).
  • Üstünel, R., & Alkurt, Z. (2015). Futbolda şiddet ve düzensizliğin önlenmesi için 6222 sayılı yasanın getirdiği yeni bir uygulama: Elektronik bilet ve yaşanan sorunlar. Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi, 21(1).
  • Zhou, W., & Huang, Q. (2021). Risk management of community sports based on AI technology. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1852, No. 4, p. 042092). Bristol: IOP Publishing.
  • Wang, J., Shen, J., Chen, X., & Zhang, J. (2023). A study on the application of digital technology in large-scale events risk management. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management, (BDEDM 2023), January 6–8, 2023, Changsha, China. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-1-2023.2330329
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Activity Management
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

İsmail Öner 0000-0003-0332-2139

Özgür Karataş 0000-0002-7863-2898

Emine Öztürk Karataş 0000-0002-4142-5369

Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date September 6, 2025
Acceptance Date September 26, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Öner, İ., Karataş, Ö., & Öztürk Karataş, E. (2025). Spor Kulüplerinde Dijital Dönüşüm Sürecinde Siber Güvenlik ve Dijital Risk Yönetimi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 32-43.

Dear Researchers,

The ÇOMÜ Journal of Sports Sciences, which is an international and peer-reviewed journal covering studies in the field of Sports Sciences, will accept original research and compilation articles on topics within the scope of our journal for its March 2025 issue. In this sense, articles for the relevant issue can be sent until the end of February 2025. It is presented for your information.

Editor Prof. Dr. Hürmüz KOÇ