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Konuşma Metni Yazımı ve Konuşma Metni Yazarlarına Yönelik Uluslararası Yaklaşım: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Year 2021, , 309 - 332, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126

Abstract

İnternet tabanlı iletişim araçlarının etkisiyle bir mesajın/hadisenin kolaylıkla yayılabildiği günümüzde, halka açık konuşmalar eskisinden çok daha önemli bir hal almıştır. Konuşmaların bireyler, kuruluşlar, toplumlar ve ülkeler üzerindeki rolü düşünüldüğünde, bir konuşmanın tasarlanması, gerekliliğin ötesine geçmiştir. Ayrıca konuşmalar, bir şirketin, siyasi partinin veya kişinin karakter inşasında önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, konuşma metni yazarlarının sayısı fark edilir şekilde artarken, iletişim alanında bir uzmanlık dalı olarak neredeyse görünmez durumdadır ve bunun sonucu olarak hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyanın geri kalanında akademik alanda konu üzerine araştırmalar sınırlı sayıdadır. Bu çalışma, kadim retorik disiplinine dayanan konuşma metni yazımına dikkat çekmeyi ve uluslararası bir perspektif ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Konuşma metni yazımı konusunda uygulamadaki ve algıdaki farklılıkları ve ortak noktaları ortaya koymak için on farklı ülkeden hem kamu hem de özel sektörde görev yapan önde gelen yirmi konuşma yazarı ile yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Yapılan analize göre, uluslararası ortak düşüncenin oluştuğu konular, konuşmanın uzunluğu (15-20 dakika), konuşma metni yazım aşamaları (araştırma, tasavvur, zihin haritalama, ana mesajın ve yan unsurların belirlenmesi, ilk taslağın yazılması, geri bildirimler çerçevesinde metni revize etme), izleyici analizi, cümlelerin yapısı (uzun cümlelerle harmanlanmış kısa ve aktif cümleler) ve konuşma yazarlarının özellikleri (dil becerileri, alçakgönüllülük, sabır vb.) şeklinde gerçeklemiştir.

References

  • Aristoteles, (2014) Retorik. Istanbul: Yapi Kredi Yayinlari.
  • Bivins, T. H. (1999) Public Relations Writing The Essentials of Style and Format. Lincolnwood, IL, United States of America: National Textbook Company.
  • Bradley, B. E. (1975) Fundamentals of Speech Communication: The Credibility of Ideas. United States of America: Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
  • Booth, W. C. (2004) The Rhetoric of Rhetoric. A Quest for Effective Communication. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Brown, R. E. (2015) The Public Relations of Everything. New York: Routledge.
  • Burgoon, Michael (1974). Approaching Speech/Communication. Holt, Rinehart and Winston: United States of America.
  • Glover, D. (2011) The Art of Great Speeches and Why We Remember Them. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grunig, J. E. and Hunt, T. (1984) Managing Public Relations. United States of America: Thomson Wadsworth.
  • Heath, R. L. (2009) The rhetorical tradition- wrangle in the marketplace. In: Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.17-47.
  • Knowlden, M. (2005) Collins Public Speaking. Conquer Your Nerves and Make a Great Impression. Glasgow: Harper Collins Publisher.
  • Lancaster, S. (2010) SpeechWriting. London: Robert Hale.
  • Leith, S. (2011) You Talkin’ To Me? Rhetoric From Aristotle to Obama. Great Britain: Profile Books.
  • Lukaszewski, J. E. (1992) Influencing Public Attitudes: Direct Communication Strategies That Reduce the Media’s Influence on Public Decision Making. United States of America: Action Publications.
  • Meyer, M. (2009) Retorik. (Cev.: Ismail Yerguz). Ankara: Dost.
  • Morton, R. K. (1968) Public relations writing and the corporate image. Journal of Business Communication 5(2):31-37.
  • Muallimoglu, N. (2011) Hitabet Konusma Sanati. Istanbul: Avciol Yayincilik.
  • Newsom, D. and Haynes, J. (2008) Public Relations Writing Form and Style. United States of America: Thomson Wadsworth.
  • Osborn, M. and Osborn, S. (2000) Public Speaking. Newyork: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Steward, H. D. (2005) Good writing is good public relations. Public Relations Quarterly 50 (4): 41-45.
  • Taylor, M. (2009) Civil society as a rhetorical public relations process. Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.76-91.
  • Tepebasili, F. (2016) Retorik Konusma Sanati – Soz Bilimi. Konya: Cizgi Yayincilik.
  • Toth, E. L. (2009). The Case For Pluralistic Studies of Public Relations. Rhetorical, Critical, and Excellence Perspectives. Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.48-60.

An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study

Year 2021, , 309 - 332, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126

Abstract

Today, public speeches have a broader importance than they had before, since the transmission of a message/event has sped up significantly due to internet-based communication tools. When the role of speeches for individuals, organizations, societies, and countries is considered, designing a speech becomes more crucial. In addition, speeches feature in building the character of a company, a political party, or a person. In this context, while the number of speechwriters has increased noticeably, the profession in the communication realm is still highly invisible and, as a result, academic research on the subject is limited both in Turkey and beyond. This study aims to draw attention to speechwriting based on ancient rhetoric and to expose a broad international perspective on it. To reveal differences in implementation and perception and to find common ground in speechwriting, structured, in-depth interviews with twenty prominent speechwriters serving in the public and private sectors in ten different countries were conducted. According to the analysis, the international perspectives can be categorized regarding the length of a speech (15-20 minutes), the steps of speechwriting (research, imagination, mind mapping, determining the main message and side elements, writing the first draft, revising the text based on feedback), audience analysis, the structure of sentences (short and active sentences blended with long ones), and speechwriters’ characteristics (language skills, modesty, patience, etc.).

References

  • Aristoteles, (2014) Retorik. Istanbul: Yapi Kredi Yayinlari.
  • Bivins, T. H. (1999) Public Relations Writing The Essentials of Style and Format. Lincolnwood, IL, United States of America: National Textbook Company.
  • Bradley, B. E. (1975) Fundamentals of Speech Communication: The Credibility of Ideas. United States of America: Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
  • Booth, W. C. (2004) The Rhetoric of Rhetoric. A Quest for Effective Communication. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Brown, R. E. (2015) The Public Relations of Everything. New York: Routledge.
  • Burgoon, Michael (1974). Approaching Speech/Communication. Holt, Rinehart and Winston: United States of America.
  • Glover, D. (2011) The Art of Great Speeches and Why We Remember Them. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grunig, J. E. and Hunt, T. (1984) Managing Public Relations. United States of America: Thomson Wadsworth.
  • Heath, R. L. (2009) The rhetorical tradition- wrangle in the marketplace. In: Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.17-47.
  • Knowlden, M. (2005) Collins Public Speaking. Conquer Your Nerves and Make a Great Impression. Glasgow: Harper Collins Publisher.
  • Lancaster, S. (2010) SpeechWriting. London: Robert Hale.
  • Leith, S. (2011) You Talkin’ To Me? Rhetoric From Aristotle to Obama. Great Britain: Profile Books.
  • Lukaszewski, J. E. (1992) Influencing Public Attitudes: Direct Communication Strategies That Reduce the Media’s Influence on Public Decision Making. United States of America: Action Publications.
  • Meyer, M. (2009) Retorik. (Cev.: Ismail Yerguz). Ankara: Dost.
  • Morton, R. K. (1968) Public relations writing and the corporate image. Journal of Business Communication 5(2):31-37.
  • Muallimoglu, N. (2011) Hitabet Konusma Sanati. Istanbul: Avciol Yayincilik.
  • Newsom, D. and Haynes, J. (2008) Public Relations Writing Form and Style. United States of America: Thomson Wadsworth.
  • Osborn, M. and Osborn, S. (2000) Public Speaking. Newyork: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Steward, H. D. (2005) Good writing is good public relations. Public Relations Quarterly 50 (4): 41-45.
  • Taylor, M. (2009) Civil society as a rhetorical public relations process. Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.76-91.
  • Tepebasili, F. (2016) Retorik Konusma Sanati – Soz Bilimi. Konya: Cizgi Yayincilik.
  • Toth, E. L. (2009). The Case For Pluralistic Studies of Public Relations. Rhetorical, Critical, and Excellence Perspectives. Robert LH, Elizabeth LT and Damion W (eds). Rhetorical and Critical Approaches to Public Relations II. New York: The Taylor and Francis, pp.48-60.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Öznur Yüksek Vergiveren 0000-0002-1439-2231

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date October 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Yüksek Vergiveren, Ö. (2021). An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences(61), 309-332. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126
AMA Yüksek Vergiveren Ö. An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. December 2021;(61):309-332. doi:10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126
Chicago Yüksek Vergiveren, Öznur. “An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 61 (December 2021): 309-32. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126.
EndNote Yüksek Vergiveren Ö (December 1, 2021) An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 61 309–332.
IEEE Ö. Yüksek Vergiveren, “An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study”, Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 61, pp. 309–332, December 2021, doi: 10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126.
ISNAD Yüksek Vergiveren, Öznur. “An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 61 (December 2021), 309-332. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126.
JAMA Yüksek Vergiveren Ö. An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2021;:309–332.
MLA Yüksek Vergiveren, Öznur. “An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 61, 2021, pp. 309-32, doi:10.26650/CONNECTIST2021-0126.
Vancouver Yüksek Vergiveren Ö. An International Approach to Speechwriting and Speechwriters: A Qualitative Study. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2021(61):309-32.