Research Article

Development of the Higher Education System in Turkey and New Generation Universities: Positive Developments, Problems and Solutions

Volume: 4 Number: 2 December 23, 2025
EN TR

Development of the Higher Education System in Turkey and New Generation Universities: Positive Developments, Problems and Solutions

Abstract

Global developments are increasingly challenging the traditional structure of higher education that has relied solely on the transmission of knowledge. These developments necessitate that institutions adapt to new paradigms such as digitalization, artificial intelligence integration, interdisciplinary education models, and lifelong learning. The aim of this study is to examine the transition process of the higher education system in Türkiye from the first-generation university model to the fourth-generation university model, to identify the strengths (positive aspects) and weaknesses (problematic aspects) emerging in this process, and to offer recommendations for the improvement of the system in the short, medium, and long term. The study seeks to provide both a brief analysis of the current higher education system and practices, and an evaluation of the ongoing efforts for restructuring toward the future. For this purpose, relevant literature and certain statistical data published by related institutions were reviewed, and various findings were reached. These findings were then evaluated together with the researcher’s supporting observations from the field. The research employed document analysis, one of the qualitative research designs. The data obtained were analyzed using content analysis, and the themes were classified under the following dimensions: characteristics of new-generation universities, strengths of the higher education system in Türkiye, weaknesses of the system, and restructuring efforts within the system. In Türkiye, access to higher education has expanded, research networks have grown, and some universities have demonstrated significant progress toward new-generation university models. However, alongside these developments, several challenges have also emerged, such as insufficient infrastructure, low efficiency, difficulties in recruiting qualified academic staff; the failure to achieve the desired level of quality in governance, education, and research, and weaknesses in university–industry–society relations. These challenges have sparked intense debates regarding the system. Therefore, new regulations should be implemented in the current higher education system to enhance employee motivation and productivity, make the academic profession more attractive, strengthen cooperation between the public sector, private sector, and non-governmental organizations, and prioritize quality in recruitment and managerial appointments. Furthermore, studies should be initiated to establish a new higher education model that will increase Türkiye’s international competitiveness, contribute effectively to its economic transformation, and support the “Century of Türkiye” vision from an academic perspective.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

EĞİTİM-BİR-SEN ve İbn Haldun Üniversitesi

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, etik kurul izni gerektirmeyen bir çalışmadır.

Thanks

26-27 Mayıs 2025 tarihlerinde, Ankara’da, EĞİTİM-BİR-SEN ve İbn Haldun Üniversitesi tarafından, Memur-Sen Genel merkezinde düzenlenen “Yükseköğretimin Yeniden Yapılandırılması Kongresi”ni düzenleyen, bu kongreye beni davet eden, destek veren ve bu çalışmanın ortaya çıkmasına vesile olan EĞİTİM-BİR-SEN ve İbn Haldun Üniversitesi yöneticilerine ve kongre düzenleme kuruluna teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

References

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  2. Ahmed, S. K. (2025). Fatima Al-Fihri and Al-Qarawiyyin University. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2662/fatima-al-fihri-and-al-qarawiyyin-university/
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  5. Ateş, H., & Akpınar, A. (2017). Üniversitelerdeki FETÖ yapılanması: Türk üniversitelerinden ihraç edilen akademisyenler üzerine bir araştırma. Strategic Public Management Journal, 3(5), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.289086.
  6. Aypay, A. (2021). Yükseköğretimde nitelik sorunu ve akademik formasyon. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 11 (2), 244–256.
  7. Bayramlı, E. (1994), Karbon elyaflı polimerik kompozit malzemeler, Tübitak Projesi, Bayramlı, E. (Yürütücü), Tincer, İ. T. (Araştırmacı), Bursiyer: Yerlikaya, Z. (Bursiyer Araştırmacı-Öğrenci), Başlama-Bitiş: 01/07/1992-30/04/1994 (Ulusal Proje).
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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Sociology of Science and Information , Educational Sociology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 23, 2025

Submission Date

September 16, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 10, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 4 Number: 2

APA
Yerlikaya, Z. (2025). Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimin Gelişimi ve Yeni Nesil Üniversiteler: Olumlu Gelişmeler, Sorunlar ve Öneriler. Cihannüma Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi, 4(2), 59-96. https://doi.org/10.55205/jocsosa.4220251784626

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