Research Article

Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis

Volume: 1 Number: 88 January 24, 2026
EN TR

Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis

Abstract

As Türkiye commits to achieving net-zero emissions by 2053, the phase-out of fossil fuels necessitates a Just Transition framework to mitigate socio-economic risks for workers and coal-dependent regions like Zonguldak, Soma, and Afşin-Elbistan. This study combines a global review of Just Transition practices with empirical Input-Output (IO) analysis of Türkiye’s labor market to identify equitable pathways for workforce redeployment and policy design. The study draws on comparative case studies—including Germany’s Ruhr region, Spain’s coal transition, and Poland’s Upper Silesia—to extract transferable lessons on reskilling, regional diversification, and social protection. Using Türkiye’s 2018 IO tables, the analysis quantifies employment multipliers across 24 sectors, revealing that redirecting demand from coal to agriculture yields the highest job creation potential (135,617 new jobs per 8.93 billion TL shifted), followed by retail, health services, and education. Conversely, shifting demand to petroleum products risks net job losses. Türkiye’s Just Transition requires targeted reskilling, linking fossil fuel workers to renewable energy and green manufacturing. Regional transition agencies should oversee diversification, leveraging renewable hubs. Social safety nets like wage subsidies and portable benefits are vital. A national Just Transition Fund, funded by redirected subsidies, can drive change. Stakeholder engagement ensures inclusive governance. By blending global best practices with local realities, Türkiye can become a model for emerging economies, balancing climate action with labor equity and regional resilience.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

TÜBİTAK 1001 Proje No: 123K509

Ethical Statement

Herhangi bir kurum, kuruluş veya kişiler ile çıkar çatışması yoktur. Yazarların kendi aralarında herhangi bir çıkar çatışması yoktur.

Thanks

Bu makale Baran Örnek’in de STAR bursiyeri olarak içinde yeraldığı “Türkiye’nin Enerji Dönüşümü Sürecinde Kömürden Çıkışı Adil Kılmak Ve Bölgesel Kalkınmayı Yeniden Planlamak: Muğla Örneği” başlıklı ve 123K509 no’lu TÜBİTAK 1001 programı altında desteklenmişitr. Desteği için TÜBİTAK’a teşekkür ederiz.

References

  1. Abbass, K., Qasim, M. Z., Song, H., Murshed, M., Mahmood, H., & Younis, I. (2022). A review of the global climate change impacts, adaptation, and sustainable mitigation measures. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 42539-42559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19718-6
  2. Arora, A., & Schroeder, H. (2022). How to avoid unjust energy transitions: Insights from the Ruhr region. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-022-00345-5
  3. Avcı, D., Acar, S., Adaman, F., & Uncu, B. A. (2022). Net Sıfıra Giden Yolda Adil Dönüşüm İçin Yol Haritası Önerisi. WWF-Türkiye, S360. https://wwftr.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/acil_donusum_cozunurlukdusuk.pdf
  4. Avınca, E. (2019). Türkiye'de enerji sektörü: Girdi-çıktı analizi. https://hdl.handle.net/11454/60897
  5. Ayhan, S., & Çelik, C. (2024). UNVEILING THE JUST TRANSITION: POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA INSIGHTS FOR COAL MINERS IN TÜRKIYE. IPC-Mercator Analysis. https://ipc.sabanciuniv.edu/Content/Images/CKeditorImages/20240528-10050775.pdf
  6. Baysal, B. (2024). ANALYZING CLIMATE SECURITY PERCEPTIONS IN TÜRKİYE: TOWARD A JUST SECURITIZATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE. Istanbul Policy Center-Sabancı University-Stiftung Mercator Initiative. https://ipc.sabanciuniv.edu/Content/Images/CKeditorImages/20241223-12122489.pdf
  7. Bell, I., & Katz-Rosene, R. (2024). The contested futures of just transition in Canada's energy sector. Studies in Political Economy, 105(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1080/07078552.2024.2373587
  8. Bray, R., Montero, A. M., & Ford, R. (2022). Skills deployment for a 'just' net zero energy transition. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 42, 395-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2022.02.002

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Employment, Macroeconomics (Other), Policy and Administration (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 24, 2026

Submission Date

July 25, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 18, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 1 Number: 88

APA
Aşıcı, A. A. (2026). Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 1(88), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.54752/ct.1750387
AMA
1.Aşıcı AA. Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis. Çalışma ve Toplum. 2026;1(88):65-94. doi:10.54752/ct.1750387
Chicago
Aşıcı, Ahmet Atıl. 2026. “Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis”. Çalışma Ve Toplum 1 (88): 65-94. https://doi.org/10.54752/ct.1750387.
EndNote
Aşıcı AA (January 1, 2026) Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis. Çalışma ve Toplum 1 88 65–94.
IEEE
[1]A. A. Aşıcı, “Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis”, Çalışma ve Toplum, vol. 1, no. 88, pp. 65–94, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.54752/ct.1750387.
ISNAD
Aşıcı, Ahmet Atıl. “Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis”. Çalışma ve Toplum 1/88 (January 1, 2026): 65-94. https://doi.org/10.54752/ct.1750387.
JAMA
1.Aşıcı AA. Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis. Çalışma ve Toplum. 2026;1:65–94.
MLA
Aşıcı, Ahmet Atıl. “Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis”. Çalışma Ve Toplum, vol. 1, no. 88, Jan. 2026, pp. 65-94, doi:10.54752/ct.1750387.
Vancouver
1.Ahmet Atıl Aşıcı. Building an Inclusive Just Transition Framework for Türkiye’s Fossil Fuel Workforce: An Input-Output Analysis. Çalışma ve Toplum. 2026 Jan. 1;1(88):65-94. doi:10.54752/ct.1750387

muratozverister@gmail.com
dergicalismavetoplum@gmail.com
www.calismatoplum.org