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İnşaat İşgücü Piyasasında Yeni Aktörler ve Yeni Çatışmalar: Türkiyeli İşçilerin Gözünden Suriyeli İnşaat İşçileri

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 56, 121 - 138, 01.01.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışma inşaat işgücü piyasasına katılan Suriyeli işçilerin varlığını yerli işçilerin nasıl gördüklerini konu etmektedir. Türkiye’de taşeronlaşma ile inşaat işgücü piyasasının çeşitli yerli ve göçmen gruplar üzerinden oluşturulan çok katmanlı yapısına en son katılanlar Suriyeli işçilerdir. Dolayısıyla yerli işçi grupları arasında rekabetin belirleyici olduğu çatışmalı ilişkiler üzerinden kurulan dengelere Suriyeli işçiler yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Bu araştırmada göçmen grubun çatışmalı ilişkilere nasıl dahil olduğunu analiz edilecektir. Bu araştırmanın bulguları, Diyarbakır’da nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden derinlemesine mülakat tekniğiyle 32 inşaat işçisi ile yapılan saha araştırmasının etnik karşılaşmalar ile ilgili kısmına ait bulgulara dayanmaktadır. Araştırma bulguları göstermektedir ki, inşaat işgücü piyasasında işçiler arasındaki rekabet yoğundur. Özellikle Suriyeli göçü ile birlikte bu rekabet daha da yoğunlaşmış ve yerli işçilerin pazarlık güçleri azalmıştır. Bu araştırma Suriyeli işçilerle yerli işçiler arasındaki gerilimlerin nasıl oluştuğunu açıklamaktadır

References

  • Abdul-Aziz, A. R. (2001) “Foreign Workers and Labour Segmentation in Malaysia’s Construction Industry”, Conrtruction Management and Economics, 19 (8), 789-798.
  • Bidinger S. (2015) “Syrian Refugees and The Rights to Work: Developing Temporary Protection in Turkey”, Boston University International Law Journal 33(223): 223-249.
  • Byrne, J., Clarke , L. ve Van Der Meer M. (2005) “ Gender and Ethnic Minority Exclusion from Skilled Occupation in Construction: a Western European Comparison”, Construction Management and Economics, 23 (10), 1025-1034.
  • Chiang, Y.H. (2009) “ Subconracting and Its Ramifications: A Survey of The Building Industry in Hong Kong”, International Journal of Project Management, 27, 80-88.
  • Eccles, R. G. (1981) “Bureaucratic Versus Craft Administration: The Relationship of Market Structure to the Construction Firm”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 26 (33), 449-469.
  • Deborah Y.W., G. Ofori (2001) “Subcontracting, Foreign Workers and Job Safety in Singapore Construction Industry”, Asia Pacific Business Review, 8(1): 145-166.
  • Fellini, I., A. Ferro, G. Fullin (2007) “Recruitment Processes and Labour Mobility: the Construction Industry in Europe”, Work, Employment & Society, 21 (2), 277-298.
  • Erdoğan M. (2014) “Türkiye’deki Suriyeliler: Toplumsal Kabul ve Uyum Araştırması”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Göç ve Siyaset Araştırmaları Merkezi.
  • Harrff-Tavel, H. ve Nasri A. (2013) “Tricked and Trapped Human Trafficking in The http://www.ilo.org/beirut/publications/WCMS_211214/lang-- en/index.htm (11.02.2014). East”, ILO, Beirut,
  • ILO (2009) “Preventing Forced Labour Exploitation and Promoting Good Labour Practices http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/--- declaration/documents/publication/wcm_041904.pdf Industry”. ILO. (25.11. 2013).
  • ILO (2001) “The Construction Industry in The Twenty-First Century: Its Image, Employment http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/gb/docs/gb283/pdf/t mcitr.pdf (12.09.2013). and Skill Requirements”, Geneva,
  • Jason, A. (2007) “Informal Construction Workers in Dar Es Salam, Tanzania”, ILO, ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/publication/wcms_160790.pdf (12 09. 2013). http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--
  • Krings, T., Bobek, A., Moriarty ,E., Salamonska ,J. Wickham, J. (2011) “From Boom to Bust: Migrant Labour and Employers in the Irish Construction Sector, Economic and Industrial Democracy, 32 (3), 459-476.
  • Lordoğlu K. ve Aslan, M. (2015) “Beş Sınır Kenti ve İşgücü Piyasasında Değişim: 2011-2014”, Göç Dergisi 2(2): 249-267.
  • Manu, P.; Nii, A.; David, P.; Suresh, S. (2013) “Mitigating the Health and Safety Influence of Subcontracting in Construction: The Approach of Main Contractors”, International Journal of Project Management, 31, 1017- 1026.
  • Mitiullah, W. ve Wachira, I. N. (2003) “Informal Labour in The Costruction Industry in Kenya: A Case Study of Nairobi”,ILO, Geveva, http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_emp/@emp_policy/@i nvest/documents/publication/wcms_asist_8175.pdf (12.09.2013).
  • Olimova, S. ve Bosc, I. (2003) “Labour Migration from Tajikistan”. IOM. http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/free/Labour_Migration_Tajikistan.p df (28.11.2013).
  • Sözen, Z. ve Küçük, M. A. (1999) “Seceondary Subcontracting in The Turkish Construction Industry”, Construction Management and Economics, 17 (2), 215-220.
  • Toksöz, G. (2008) “Türkiye’ye Yönelik Düzensiz Göçler ve Göçmenlerin İnşaat Sektöründe Enformel İstihdamı”, Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu. (Erişim 28 Kasım 2013)
  • Üsdiken, B., Sözen, Z. ve Enbiyaoğlu, H. (1989) Örgütlerin Sınırları: İnşaat Firmalarında Alt Yüklenici Kullanımı, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Araştırma Raporu, SBE/AD 89-02, İstanbul.
  • You-Jie, L. ve Fox, P.W. (2001) “Construction Industry in China : It’s Image, Employment, Prospect and Skill Requirements, ILO, Geneva.
  • Wells J. (2007) “Informality in the Construction Sector in Developing Countries”, Construction Management and Economics, 25(1), 87-93.
  • Winch G.M. (1986) “The Lobour Process and Labour Market in Construction”, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 6(2), 103-116.

New Actors and New Conflicts in the Construction Sector: Syrian Workers from the Perspective of Local Workers

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 56, 121 - 138, 01.01.2018

Abstract

This article discusses the presence of Syrian workers from the perspectives of native workers in the construction sector. Syrians are the latest group who entered the ethnically multi-layered Turkish construction labour force that leads to the fierce competition among various worker groups. The features like ethnicity, family relations and the city-origin define these various groups among workers. Syrian workers reshape the hierarchy among construction labour force and caused new confrontations among Turkey’s different ethnic identities. This research examines these dynamics from the perspectives of native workers based on the findings of qualitative research. In-depth interviews were conducted among domestic workers N=32 in Diyarbakır in 2015. The research findings show that there is a competition among construction workers for available job opportunities. After the arrival of Syrian migration the competition among construction workers has intensified and the bargaining power of all workers in Turkey have decreased. This paper examines the confrontations between native workers and Syrian workers in the construction sector in Turkey

References

  • Abdul-Aziz, A. R. (2001) “Foreign Workers and Labour Segmentation in Malaysia’s Construction Industry”, Conrtruction Management and Economics, 19 (8), 789-798.
  • Bidinger S. (2015) “Syrian Refugees and The Rights to Work: Developing Temporary Protection in Turkey”, Boston University International Law Journal 33(223): 223-249.
  • Byrne, J., Clarke , L. ve Van Der Meer M. (2005) “ Gender and Ethnic Minority Exclusion from Skilled Occupation in Construction: a Western European Comparison”, Construction Management and Economics, 23 (10), 1025-1034.
  • Chiang, Y.H. (2009) “ Subconracting and Its Ramifications: A Survey of The Building Industry in Hong Kong”, International Journal of Project Management, 27, 80-88.
  • Eccles, R. G. (1981) “Bureaucratic Versus Craft Administration: The Relationship of Market Structure to the Construction Firm”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 26 (33), 449-469.
  • Deborah Y.W., G. Ofori (2001) “Subcontracting, Foreign Workers and Job Safety in Singapore Construction Industry”, Asia Pacific Business Review, 8(1): 145-166.
  • Fellini, I., A. Ferro, G. Fullin (2007) “Recruitment Processes and Labour Mobility: the Construction Industry in Europe”, Work, Employment & Society, 21 (2), 277-298.
  • Erdoğan M. (2014) “Türkiye’deki Suriyeliler: Toplumsal Kabul ve Uyum Araştırması”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Göç ve Siyaset Araştırmaları Merkezi.
  • Harrff-Tavel, H. ve Nasri A. (2013) “Tricked and Trapped Human Trafficking in The http://www.ilo.org/beirut/publications/WCMS_211214/lang-- en/index.htm (11.02.2014). East”, ILO, Beirut,
  • ILO (2009) “Preventing Forced Labour Exploitation and Promoting Good Labour Practices http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/--- declaration/documents/publication/wcm_041904.pdf Industry”. ILO. (25.11. 2013).
  • ILO (2001) “The Construction Industry in The Twenty-First Century: Its Image, Employment http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/gb/docs/gb283/pdf/t mcitr.pdf (12.09.2013). and Skill Requirements”, Geneva,
  • Jason, A. (2007) “Informal Construction Workers in Dar Es Salam, Tanzania”, ILO, ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/publication/wcms_160790.pdf (12 09. 2013). http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--
  • Krings, T., Bobek, A., Moriarty ,E., Salamonska ,J. Wickham, J. (2011) “From Boom to Bust: Migrant Labour and Employers in the Irish Construction Sector, Economic and Industrial Democracy, 32 (3), 459-476.
  • Lordoğlu K. ve Aslan, M. (2015) “Beş Sınır Kenti ve İşgücü Piyasasında Değişim: 2011-2014”, Göç Dergisi 2(2): 249-267.
  • Manu, P.; Nii, A.; David, P.; Suresh, S. (2013) “Mitigating the Health and Safety Influence of Subcontracting in Construction: The Approach of Main Contractors”, International Journal of Project Management, 31, 1017- 1026.
  • Mitiullah, W. ve Wachira, I. N. (2003) “Informal Labour in The Costruction Industry in Kenya: A Case Study of Nairobi”,ILO, Geveva, http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_emp/@emp_policy/@i nvest/documents/publication/wcms_asist_8175.pdf (12.09.2013).
  • Olimova, S. ve Bosc, I. (2003) “Labour Migration from Tajikistan”. IOM. http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/free/Labour_Migration_Tajikistan.p df (28.11.2013).
  • Sözen, Z. ve Küçük, M. A. (1999) “Seceondary Subcontracting in The Turkish Construction Industry”, Construction Management and Economics, 17 (2), 215-220.
  • Toksöz, G. (2008) “Türkiye’ye Yönelik Düzensiz Göçler ve Göçmenlerin İnşaat Sektöründe Enformel İstihdamı”, Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu. (Erişim 28 Kasım 2013)
  • Üsdiken, B., Sözen, Z. ve Enbiyaoğlu, H. (1989) Örgütlerin Sınırları: İnşaat Firmalarında Alt Yüklenici Kullanımı, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Araştırma Raporu, SBE/AD 89-02, İstanbul.
  • You-Jie, L. ve Fox, P.W. (2001) “Construction Industry in China : It’s Image, Employment, Prospect and Skill Requirements, ILO, Geneva.
  • Wells J. (2007) “Informality in the Construction Sector in Developing Countries”, Construction Management and Economics, 25(1), 87-93.
  • Winch G.M. (1986) “The Lobour Process and Labour Market in Construction”, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 6(2), 103-116.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sidar Çınar This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 56

Cite

APA Çınar, S. (2018). İnşaat İşgücü Piyasasında Yeni Aktörler ve Yeni Çatışmalar: Türkiyeli İşçilerin Gözünden Suriyeli İnşaat İşçileri. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 1(56), 121-138.
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