Özel Öğrenme Güçlüğü Tanısı Olan Çocuklarının Gelişim ve Tanı Sürecine İlişkin Ebeveynlerin Deneyimlerinin Derinlemesine İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmada özel öğrenme güçlüğü tanılı çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin deneyimlerinden yola çıkılarak çocuklarının gelişimsel süreçlerine, tanılama süreçlerine ve ihtiyaçlarına yönelik derinlemesine incelemeler yapmak ve bu süreçlerde hangi değişkenlerin rol oynayabileceğine ilişkin hipotezler geliştirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, tipik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma grubu, özel öğrenme güçlüğü tanısı almış ve kaynaştırma uygulamaları kapsamında eğitim gören 12 öğrencinin ebeveynlerinden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda çözümlenen ses kayıtlarının içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen verilerin üretilmesi sonucunda “Gelişimsel Süreç, Sosyal İlişkiler, Tanı Alma Süreci ve Güçlü ve Zayıf Yönler” olmak üzere dört ana tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Ebeveynler çocuklarının okul öncesi dönemde öz bakım becerileri, motor gelişim, sosyal gelişim, bilişsel gelişim ve dil gelişimlerinde yaşıtlarına kıyasla güçlükler yaşadığını ifade etmiştir. Ebeveynlerin ödev sürecinde çocuklarındaki gelişimsel gecikmeleri fark ettikleri ve öğretmenlerin hem okul öncesi hem de okul dönemindeki bilgi düzeylerinin düşüklüğüne dikkat çektikleri görülmektedir. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarının başta dil gelişimi olmak üzere tüm gelişim alanlarında okul öncesi dönemden itibaren gelişimsel ihtiyaçlarını fark ettikleri görülmüştür. Ebeveynler, çocuklarının sıklıkla sosyal ilişkilerde yaşadıkları güçlüklere dikkat çekmiştir.

Keywords

• Özgül Öğrenme Güçlüğü
• Tıbbi Tanılama
• Eğitsel Tanılama
• Değerlendirme
• Nitel Araştırma

An In-Depth Investigation of Parents' Experiences about the Developmental and Diagnosis Process of Children with Specific Learning

Abstract

This study examines the developmental processes, diagnosis processes, and needs of children with specific learning disabilities based on their parents' experiences. The research was conducted with a qualitative research methodology. The study group in the research was formed by the typical sampling method. The study group comprises the parents of 12 students with specific learning disabilities educated in mainstream classrooms. The researchers developed a semi-structured interview form in the context of literature. Content analysis of the transcribed voice recordings was made. As a result, four main themes emerged “Developmental Process, Social Relations, Diagnosis Process, and Strengths and Weaknesses.” The parents have difficulties in their children's self-care skills, motor development, social development, cognitive development, and language development compared to their peers in preschool. The parents noticed their children's development needs during the homework process and pointed out the low level of knowledge of the teachers in both preschool and school periods. It was stated that the children had developmental needs in all developmental areas, especially language development in the preschool period. Also, parents expressed that their children have difficulties with often drawing attention to the difficulties experienced by their children in social relations.

Keywords

• Qualitative research
• Specific Learning Disability
• Medical Diagnosis
• Educational Diagnosis
• Evaluation

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