An overview of research on second/foreign language learner motivation and future directions

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of past and current research in second/foreign language learner motivation by providing a context and historical background as well as discuss the possible future directions that work on learner motivation may take. Motivation is one of the individual differences that has an important impact on language learning. The initial work on language learner motivation originated in Canada, with a social-psychological focus. Since then, many models have been proposed. Previous models treated learner motivation as a measurable, fixed variable and dealt with learners as groups. Current models emphasize the moment-to-moment changing nature of motivation, with a focus on individual learners. In line with the formulation of motivation as a dynamic construct, rather than a fixed treat, current research employs both qualitative and qualitative research methods. 

Keywords

• learner motivation,second/foreign language learning,English as a second/foreign language,integrative motivation

İkinci/yabancı dil öğreniminde öğrenen güdülenmesi üzerine araştırmaların taranması ve yeni yönelimler

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı ikinci/yabancı dil öğreniminde güdülenme konusunda geçmişte yapılan ve şu anda yapılmakta olan araştırmalar hakkında bağlam ve tarihsel arkaplanı da vererek kapsamlı bir özet sunmak ve bu alandaki araştırmaların ilerde yönelebileceği muhtemel konuları araştırmacıların dikkatine sunmaktır. Güdülenme, ikinci/yabancı dil öğrenimi üzerinde önemli etkisi olan bireysel farkılıklardan bir tanesidir. Dil öğrenme güdülenmesi üzerine ilk çalışmalar, sosyo-psikolojik bir perspektiften Kanada’da yapılmıştır. Bu ilk çalışmaların ardından çok sayıda yeni model ortaya çıkmıştır. İlk modeller öğrenen güdülenmesini ölçülebilir, sabit bir değişken olarak ele almış ve öğrenenleri gruplar halinde incelemişlerdir. Daha güncel modeller ise öğrenenler üzerinde bireysel olarak, tek tek yoğunlaşırken güdülenmenin an-be-an değişebilen doğası üzerinde durmaktadırlar. Güdülenmenin sabit bir özellik yerine dinamik bir yapı olarak kavramsallaştırılmasına uygun olarak güncel araştırmalar hem niteliksel hem niceliksel araştırma yöntemlerini kullanmaktadırlar.

Keywords

• öğrenen güdülenmesi,ikinci/yabancı dil öğrenimi,ikinci/yabancı dil olarak İngilizce,bütünleyici güdülenme

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