Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu’na Yönelik Uzaktan Koçluk Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklara, ailelerine veya bu alanda görev yapan uzmanlara yönelik olarak uzaktan yürütülen koçluk uygulamalarını kapsayan çalışmaları incelemek ve sistematik olarak sunmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için, uzaktan koçluk uygulamalarına ilişkin yürütülen, 2010-2018 yılları arasında, hakemli bir dergide yayımlanmış olan ve deneysel veya yarı deneysel çalışmalar alanyazın üzerinden taranmıştır. Belirlenen ölçütlere göre ulaşılan 18 çalışma, “öyküleyici derleme” türünde incelenerek sunulmuştur. İncelenen araştırmalar, katılımcı özellikleri, araştırma modeli, hedeflenen beceri alanı, bağımsız değişken, kullanılan teknolojik donanım, uygulama süreci, geçerlik-güvenirlik, izleme-genelleme ve sonuçlarına ilişkin özellikler bakımından incelenmişlerdir. Sonuçlar, uzaktan koçluk uygulamalarının hedeflenen beceriler üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Gerçek ortamlarda yürütülen koçluk uygulamalarının maliyet, ulaşım ve zamanın esnek olamaması gibi sınırlılıkları bulunmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarından yola çıkarak, söz konusu sınırlılıkların giderilmesinde uzaktan koçluk uygulamaları bir çözüm olabilmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra özellikle kırsal kesimlerde yaşayan ailelerin veya uzmanların özel eğitim hizmetlerine ulaşabilmeleri uzaktan koçluk uygulamaları ile mümkün olabilecektir.

Keywords

• Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu,Uzaktan eğitim,Uzman eğitimi,Ebeveyn eğitimi.

Reviewing of Telehealth (Distance) Coaching Practices for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine and to present systematically the coaching practices studies conducted for children, their families or specialists in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In order to achieve this aim, experimental or quasi-experimental studies on telehealth (distance) coaching practices published in a peer-reviewed journal between the years 2010-2018 were reviewed over the literature. According to the criteria determined, 18 studies were presented in the type of "narrative review". Investigations were examined in terms of participant characteristics, research model, targeted skill area, independent variable, a technology used, implementation process, validity-reliability, follow-up-generalization, and results. The results show that telehealth coaching practices have an impact on targeted skills. Coaching practices carried out in in-situ have limitations such as cost, transportation and the inability of time to be flexible. Based on the results of the research, telehealth coaching practices can be a solution to overcome these limitations. In addition, it will be possible for families or professionals living in rural areas to access special education services through distance coaching practices.

Keywords

• Telehealth coaching,Autism Spectrum Disorders,Distance education,Professional education,Parent education

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