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SOME REFLECTIONS ON CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF TURKISH ERASMUS STUDENTS OF ELT DEPARTMENT

Year 2013, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 111 - 121, 09.03.2014

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the experience of Turkish ELT students of Erasmus programme with specific reference to how they manage to adapt to a new culture. Data were collected by Socio-cultural Adaptation Scale, reports of former Erasmus students, and interviews. Consistent with the “culture shock” literature, findings reveal that students experienced problems at affective, behavioural, and cognitive levels and that they developed various strategies to handle these problems. In addition to such inhibiting factors of the adaptation to the new culture as language or communication competence, amount and quality of contact with host nationals, and cultural distance, most students reported on bias towards the home country as the greatest obstacle to the adaptation process.

References

  • Acton, W. & de Felix, J. W. (1986). Acculturation and the Mind. In Culture Bound, ed. Valdes, J. M., 20-32. New York: Cambridge Press.
  • Argyle, M. (1969). Social interaction. London: Methuen
  • Barna, L. M. (1976). How Culture Shock Affects Communication. Paper presented at Communication Association of the Pacific Annual Conference. Kobe, Japan.
  • Berry, J. W. (1994). Acculturation and psychological adaptation. In Journeys into cross-cultural psychology, ed. A.-M. Bouvy, F.J.R. van de Vijver, P. Boski, and P. Schmitz., 129–41. Lisse: Swets and Zeitlinger.
  • Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review 46, no.: 5–34.
  • Bochner, S. (1982). (ed.) International Series in Experimental Social Psychology, 1: 59-160.
  • Bochner, S. (2003). Culture Shock Due to Contact with Unfamiliar Cultures. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture 8, no.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1073
  • Brown, D. H. (1980). Learning a second Culture. In Culture Bound, ed Merril, J. and Valdes, M. 33-47. New York: Cambridge Press.
  • Dale, M. E. (1996). The nature of culture shock: ideas for lower level students. Teaching Guides (052). http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED397664.pdf.
  • Figel, J. (2007). ERASMUS strengthens the European Higher Education Space. In ERASMUS Success Stories. Europe creates opportunities. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
  • Furnham, A. (1993). Communicating in foreign lands: The cause, consequences and cures of culture shock. Language, Culture and Curriculum 6, no.1: 91–109.
  • Furnham, A. & Bochner, S. (1986). Culture Shock: Psychological Reaction to Unfamiliar Environment. London: Methuen.
  • Gudykunst, W. B. (1983). Toward a typology of stranger–host relationships. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 7, no.4: 401–13.
  • Irwin, R. (2007). Culture shock: Negotiating feelings in the field. Anthropology Matters Journal 9, no.1: 1.
  • Karaeminogullari, A. Dogan, A., & Bozkurt, S. (2009). Kültürlerarasi Adaptasyon Envanteri (Cross Cultural Adaptability Inventory- CCAI) Üzerine bir Arastirma. Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, no.1: 331-349.
  • Lazarus, R. S, & Folkman, S.(1984). Stress, coping and appraisal. New York: Springer.
  • Phinney, J. S. (1990). Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research.Psychological Bulletin 108, no.3: 499-514.
  • Rivza, B. (2007). International Student Mobility. Paper Presented at the Regional Seminar “Globalizing Knowledge: European and North American Regions and Policies addressing the Priority Issues of other UNESCO Regions” 5-6 March 2007, in UNESCO Headquarters, Paris.
  • Sodowsky, G. R. & Plake, B.S. (1992). A study of acculturation differences among international people and suggestions for sensitivity of within-group differences. Journal of Counselling and Development 71, no.1:53–9.
  • Toffler, A. (1970). Future Shock. New York: Bantam Books.
  • Ward, C. & Searle, W. (1999). The impact of value discrepancies and cultural identity on psychological and sociocultural adjustment of sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 15, no. 2: 209–225.
  • Ward, C. & Kennedy, A. (1993a). Psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transitions: A comparison of secondary students at home and abroad. International Journal of Psychology, 28, 129–147.
  • Ward, C. & Kennedy, A. (1993b). Where’s the culture in cross-cultural transition? Comparative studies of sojourner adjustment. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 24, no. 2: 221–249.
  • Ward, C. and Kennedy, A. (1999). The measurement of sociocultural adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23, 659-677.
  • Ward, C., Bochner, S. & Furnham A. (2001). The Pschology of Culture Shock. Hove: Routledge.
  • Zoe, Y., Jindal-S., Topping, D. K. and Todman J. (2008). Theoretical models of culture shock and adaptation in international students in higher education. Studies in Higher Education 33, no.1: 63-75.
Year 2013, Volume: 42 Issue: 2, 111 - 121, 09.03.2014

Abstract

References

  • Acton, W. & de Felix, J. W. (1986). Acculturation and the Mind. In Culture Bound, ed. Valdes, J. M., 20-32. New York: Cambridge Press.
  • Argyle, M. (1969). Social interaction. London: Methuen
  • Barna, L. M. (1976). How Culture Shock Affects Communication. Paper presented at Communication Association of the Pacific Annual Conference. Kobe, Japan.
  • Berry, J. W. (1994). Acculturation and psychological adaptation. In Journeys into cross-cultural psychology, ed. A.-M. Bouvy, F.J.R. van de Vijver, P. Boski, and P. Schmitz., 129–41. Lisse: Swets and Zeitlinger.
  • Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review 46, no.: 5–34.
  • Bochner, S. (1982). (ed.) International Series in Experimental Social Psychology, 1: 59-160.
  • Bochner, S. (2003). Culture Shock Due to Contact with Unfamiliar Cultures. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture 8, no.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1073
  • Brown, D. H. (1980). Learning a second Culture. In Culture Bound, ed Merril, J. and Valdes, M. 33-47. New York: Cambridge Press.
  • Dale, M. E. (1996). The nature of culture shock: ideas for lower level students. Teaching Guides (052). http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED397664.pdf.
  • Figel, J. (2007). ERASMUS strengthens the European Higher Education Space. In ERASMUS Success Stories. Europe creates opportunities. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
  • Furnham, A. (1993). Communicating in foreign lands: The cause, consequences and cures of culture shock. Language, Culture and Curriculum 6, no.1: 91–109.
  • Furnham, A. & Bochner, S. (1986). Culture Shock: Psychological Reaction to Unfamiliar Environment. London: Methuen.
  • Gudykunst, W. B. (1983). Toward a typology of stranger–host relationships. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 7, no.4: 401–13.
  • Irwin, R. (2007). Culture shock: Negotiating feelings in the field. Anthropology Matters Journal 9, no.1: 1.
  • Karaeminogullari, A. Dogan, A., & Bozkurt, S. (2009). Kültürlerarasi Adaptasyon Envanteri (Cross Cultural Adaptability Inventory- CCAI) Üzerine bir Arastirma. Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, no.1: 331-349.
  • Lazarus, R. S, & Folkman, S.(1984). Stress, coping and appraisal. New York: Springer.
  • Phinney, J. S. (1990). Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research.Psychological Bulletin 108, no.3: 499-514.
  • Rivza, B. (2007). International Student Mobility. Paper Presented at the Regional Seminar “Globalizing Knowledge: European and North American Regions and Policies addressing the Priority Issues of other UNESCO Regions” 5-6 March 2007, in UNESCO Headquarters, Paris.
  • Sodowsky, G. R. & Plake, B.S. (1992). A study of acculturation differences among international people and suggestions for sensitivity of within-group differences. Journal of Counselling and Development 71, no.1:53–9.
  • Toffler, A. (1970). Future Shock. New York: Bantam Books.
  • Ward, C. & Searle, W. (1999). The impact of value discrepancies and cultural identity on psychological and sociocultural adjustment of sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 15, no. 2: 209–225.
  • Ward, C. & Kennedy, A. (1993a). Psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transitions: A comparison of secondary students at home and abroad. International Journal of Psychology, 28, 129–147.
  • Ward, C. & Kennedy, A. (1993b). Where’s the culture in cross-cultural transition? Comparative studies of sojourner adjustment. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 24, no. 2: 221–249.
  • Ward, C. and Kennedy, A. (1999). The measurement of sociocultural adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23, 659-677.
  • Ward, C., Bochner, S. & Furnham A. (2001). The Pschology of Culture Shock. Hove: Routledge.
  • Zoe, Y., Jindal-S., Topping, D. K. and Todman J. (2008). Theoretical models of culture shock and adaptation in international students in higher education. Studies in Higher Education 33, no.1: 63-75.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Article
Authors

Rana Yıldırım

Gulden İlin

Publication Date March 9, 2014
Submission Date March 9, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 42 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yıldırım, R., & İlin, G. (2014). SOME REFLECTIONS ON CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF TURKISH ERASMUS STUDENTS OF ELT DEPARTMENT. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 42(2), 111-121. https://doi.org/10.14812/cuefd.54296

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