The problem of naskh (abrogation) is one of the most
important and controversial themes of science and principle of exegesis (ʿilm wan a-l uṣūl al-tafsīr) in Islamic tradition. In order to understand naskh, which is claimed to be occurred
in the Qur’ānic text, it is necessary to involve the time of the revelation of
the Qur’ān. An analysis of this period reveals that first Muslims regard the naskh as a natural process of the
revelation and do not dispute over this matter. In other words, the
controversial theme naskh is perceived
by first addresses of the Qur’ān as a hermeneutical characteristic of the
Qur’ānic revelation. Therefore, naskh
was not considered as a controversial concept and debated its origins based on
the question whether it organically belonged to the revelation. It will be
clear that the different views on naskh
(abrogation), particularly after the time of the Companions is not a conceptual
problem; rather Muslim scholars differed in their methodological approaches to naksh. Naskh has not been questioned as a concept in early Islamic
tradition. Rather it has gradually developed over the centuries. Naskh has been elaborated with the terms
of uṣūl al-fiqh (principles of Law), such as takhṣīṣ (specification) and taqyīd
(restriction) and its conceptual meaning has been extended after, particularly
Abū ʿAbdullah Muḥammad b. Idris
b. ʿAbbas al-Shāfiʿī (d. 820). To
sum up, naskh is regarded with a
methodological perspective. However, in the field of Turkish Islamic studies,
especially after the Cumhuriyet, the term naskh
is not regarded as a natural consequence of the process of tanzīl (revelation of the Qur’ān) neglecting the gradual aspect of
revelation and the disputes over the term has been concluded either rejecting
or simply accepting this concept without providing a satisfactory result on the
matter.
This article
examines one of the most prominent Muslim exegete Ibn Kathīr’s (d. 1373)
approach to the problem of naskh in
the context of previous modern scholarship on naskh (abrogation). However, the analysis of Ibn Kathīr’s
perception of naskh does not claim to
be exhaustive on the matter. This requires a more comprehensive study on the
concept of naskh, which is clearly
beyond the scope of this article. Therefore, the present study intends to
specifically focus on general aspect of Ibn Kathīr’s understanding of naskh and how his perception is
presented in modern studies.
When Ibn
Kathīr’s commentary is analysed, it becomes clear that his understanding of naskh is significant and not necessarily
in line with his riwayah (sound transmission through a chain of exegetes) tafsīr (exegesis). For example, he notes
the dates between abrogating and abrogated Qur’ānic verses and claims that it
is necessary to find certain proofs to validate the claim of abrogation (naskh) for particular legal judgments
and verses, which clearly shows that Ibn Kathīr approaches to the problem of naskh with a methodological perspective.
Ibn Kathīr’s interpretation of the well known Qur’ānic verse Q 2.106 in a
different sense and most importantly his consideration of the matter only in
the Qur’ānic context are clear examples of his methodological approach. His
interpretation of Q 2.106 simply shows that he meticulously distinguish between
the acceptance of naskh as a concept
and as an interpretive method. The modern studies on naskh, on the contrary, consider the matter only on the base of a
conceptual analysis.
Ibn Kathīr Naskh Tafsīr Ta’wīl Nāsikh Mansūkh.Ibn Kathīr Mansūkh
Subjects | Religious Studies |
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Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 15, 2016 |
Submission Date | September 28, 2016 |
Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 20 Issue: 2 |
Cumhuriyet Theology Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).