Gözebaşı Köyü (Elazığ Güneyi) Çevresindeki Yüksekova Karmaşığı’na Ait Volkanik Kayaçların Jeokimyasal Özellikleri

Öz

Çalışma alanı Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenik Kuşağı içerisinde, Elazığ İli’nin yaklaşık 30 km güneyinde yer almaktadır. Bu alandaki Üst Kretase yaşlı Yüksekova Karmaşığı volkanik kayaçları, plajiyoklas, klinopiroksen, alkali feldispat, olivin ve manyetit, ilmenit gibi opak oksit mineralleri içermektedir. Kayaçlarda, intergranüler, glomeroporfirik, hyalomikroporfirik ve amigdaloidal dokular yaygındır. Kayaçların petrografik ve jeokimyasal karakteristikleri bazaltik bileşim ve toleyitik karakteri yansıtmaktadır. Kayaç örneklerinin N-MORB’a normalize edilmiş iz element dağılımları baz alındığında; LIL elementler değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte, genel olarak HFS elementlere göre zenginleşmişlerdir. Örneklerin nadir toprak element dağılımları yatay bir desen sergilemektedir. Sonuç olarak; jeokimyasal veriler, Gözebaşı Köyü (Elazığ Güneyi) çevresindeki volkanik kayaçları veren magmanın gelişiminde dalan okyanus kabuğu katkısına ve bu kayaçların bir okyanus içi yitimle ilişkili olarak geliştiklerine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gözebaşı (Elazığ Güneyi)
• Yüksekova Karmaşığı
• Jeokimya

Geochemical Properties of the Volcanic Rocks of Yüksekova Complex Around Gözebaşı Village (South of Elazığ)

Öz

The study area is located in the Southeastern Anatolia Orogenic Belt, approximately 30 km south of Elazig Province. The rocks contain plagioclase, clinopyroxene, alkaline feldspar, olivine and opaque oxide minerals such as magnetite, ilmenite. Intergranular, glomeroporphyritic, hyalomicroporphyritic and amygdaloidal textures are common. Petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the rocks reflect basaltic composition and tholeiitic character. Considering to N-MORB normalized trace element distributions, the rock samples show LIL elements variations, but they show enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) relative to high field strength elements (HFSE). The rare earth element distributions of the samples exhibit a flat pattern. As a result; all geochemical data point that the contribution of subducted oceanic crust in development of the magma forming volcanic rocks around Gözebaşı village (Elazığ South).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gözebaşı (South of Elazığ)
• Yüksekova complex
• Geochemistry

Kaynakça

1. 1. Göncüoglu, M.C., Turhan, N., 1984. Geology of the Bitlis Metamorphic Belt. In: Tekeli, O., and Göncüoglu, M.C. (Eds), The Geology of the Taurus Belt, International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, Proceedings, 237-244.
2. 2. Göncüoglu, M.C., Dirik, K., Kozlu, H., 1997. General Characteristics of Pre-alpine and Alpine Terranes in Turkey: Explanatory notes to the terrane map of Turkey: Annales Geologique de Pays Hellenique, Annales Geologique de Pays Hellenique, 37, 515-536.
3. 3. Robertson, A.H.F., 2002. Overview of the Genesis and Emplacement of Mesozoic Ophiolites in the Eastern Mediterranean Tethyan Region. Lithos, 65, 1-67.
4. 4. Robertson, A.H.F., 2004. Development of Concepts Concerning the Genesis and Emplacement of Tethyan Ophiolites in the Eastern Mediterranean and Oman Regions. Earth Sci. Rev., 66, 331-387.
5. 5. Göncüoglu, M.C., 2014. Comments on a Single Versus Multiarmed Southern Neotethys in SE Turkey and Iran. 3rd Intern. Symp., of IGCP 589 Development of the Asian Tethyan Realm. Abstr. and Proceed., 89-95.
6. 6. Göncüoglu, M.C., 2019. A Review of the Geology and Geodynamic Evolution of Tectonic Terranes in Turkey. In Mineral Resources of Turkey, Springer, Cham., 19-72.
7. 7. Rizaoğlu, T., Parlak, O., Höck, V., İsler, F., 2006. Nature and Significance of Late Cretaceous Ophiolitic Rocks and its Relation to the Baskil Granitoid in Elazig Region, SE Turkey. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 260, 327–350.
8. 8. Rizaoğlu, T., Parlak, O., Höck, V., Koller, F., Hames, W.E., Billor, Z., 2009. Andean Type Active Margin Formation in the Eastern Taurides: Geochemical and Geochronological Evidence from the Baskil Granitoid, SE Turkey. Tectonophysics 473, 188–207.

9. 9. Robertson, A.H.F., Parlak, O., Rızaoğlu, T., Ünlügenç, U.C., İnan, N., Taslı, K., Ustaömer, T., 2007. Tectonic Evolution of the South Tethyan Ocean: Evidence from the Eastern Taurus Mountains (Elazığ Region, SE Turkey). In: A.C. Ries, R.W.H. Butler, and R.H. Graham (Eds.), Deformation of the Continental Crust. The Legacy of Mike Coward, Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 272, 231-270.
10. 10. Tekin, U.K., Ural, M., Göncüoğlu, M.C., Arslan, M., Kürüm, S., 2015. Upper Cretaceous Radiolarian Ages from an Arc– back-arc Within the Yüksekova Complex in the Southern Neotethys Mélange, SE Turkey. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 14(2), 73-84.
11. 11. Ural, M., Göncüoğlu, M.C., Arslan, M., Tekin, U.K., Kürüm, S., 2014. Petrological and Paleontological Evidence for Generation of an Arc-back Arc System Within the Closing Southern Branch of Neotethys During the Late Cretaceous. Bull. Shk. Gjeol., Special Issue 2, 51-54.
12. 12. Ural, M., Arslan, M., Göncüoğlu, M.C., Tekin, U.K., Kürüm, S., 2015. Late Cretaceous Arc and Back-arc Formation Within the Southern Neotethys: Whole-rock, Trace Element and Sr- Nd-Pb Isotopic data from Basaltic Rocks of the Yüksekova Complex (Malatya-Elazığ, SE Turkey). Ofioliti, 40 (1).
13. 13. Perinçek, D., 1979a. Palu-Karabegan-Elazığ- Sivrice-Malatya Alanının Jeolojisi ve Petrol İmkanları, T.P.A.O., Ankara, Rap. No. 1361.
14. 14. Perinçek, D., 1979b. The Geology of Hazro- Korudağ-Çüngüş-Maden-Ergani-Hazar-Elazığ- Malatya Area, Guide Book, The Geological Society of Turkey, 33s.
15. 15. Naz, H., 1979. Elazığ-Palu Dolayının Jeolojisi, TPAO Raporu, 1360s.
16. 16. Perinçek, D., Özkaya, I., 1981. Arabistan Levhası Kuzey Kenarının Tektonik Evrimi, Yerbilimleri, 8, 91-101.
17. 17. Perincek, D., Kozlu, H., 1984. Stratigraphy and Structural Relations of the Units in the Afsin– Elbistan–Dogansehir Region (Eastern Taurus). In: Tekeli, O., Göncüoglu, M.C. (Eds.), Proceedings of International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, 26-29 September, MTA, Ankara, Turkey, 181-198.
18. 18. Özkul, M., 1982. Güneyçayırı (Elazığ) Bölgesinin Sedimentolojisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, A.Ü. Fen Fak., 38, Ankara.
19. 19. Turan, M., 1984. Baskil-Aydınlar (Elazığ) Yöresinin Stratigrafisi ve Tektoniği. Doktora Tezi, F.U. Fen Bilimleri Enst., 180, Elazığ.
20. 20. Sungurlu, O., Perincek, D., Kurt, G., Tuna, E., Dülger, S., Çelikdemir, E., Naz, H., 1985. Geology of the Elazig-Hazar-Palu Area. Bulletin of the Turkish Association of Petroleum Geologists, 29, 83-191.
21. 21. Akgül, M., 1987. Baskil (Elazığ) Granitoyidinin Petrografik ve Petrolojik İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 60, Trabzon.
22. 22. Akgül, M., 1991. Petrographic and Petrological Features of Baskil Granitoid (Elazığ), Geosound, 18, 67-78.
23. 23. Akgül, B., 1993. Piran Köyü (Keban) Çevresindeki Magmatik Kayaçların Petrografik ve Petrolojik Özellikleri, Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniveritesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 125, Elazığ.
24. 24. Akgül, B., 2015. Geochemical Associations Between Fluorite Mineralization and A-type Shoshonitic Magmatism in the Keban–Elazig Area, East Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 111, 222-230.
25. 25. Turan, M., Bingöl, A.F., 1991. Kovancılar- Baskil (Elazığ) Arası Bölgenin Tektono- stratigrafik Özellikleri., Ed. Yetiş, C., Ahmet Acar Jeoloji Sempozyumu, Bildiriler, Adana, 211-226.
26. 26. Gürocak, Z., 1993. Sivrice (Elazığ) Çevresinin Jeolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 65, Elazığ.
27. 27. Aksoy, E., Çelik, H., 1995. Kovancılar (Elazığ) Yakın Kuzey ve Batısının Jeolojik Özellikleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 11-19.
28. 28. Ural, M., 2005. Çakmak Köyü (Keban) Çevresindeki Magmatic ve Kontak Metazomatik Kayaçların Petrografik ve Petrolojik Incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Fırat Üniv., Fen Bilimleri Enst., 174.
29. 29. Ural, M., 2012. Elazığ ve Malatya Çevresindeki Yüksekova Karmaşığı Bazik Volkanitlerinin Petrokimyası, Petrolojisi ve Yaşı. Doktora Tezi., Fırat Üniv., Fen Bilimleri Enst., 174.
30. 30. Ural, M., Kürüm, S., 2009. Microscopic and Diffractometric Studies Inferred from Skarn Zonations Between the Keban Metamorphites and Elazığ Magmatites, Around Elazığ. Turkish Journal of Science & Technology, 4(2), 87-102.
31. 31. Ural, M., Deniz, K., Sayit, K., 2019. Mafic Volcanic and Subvolcanic Rocks from the Yüksekova Complex in the İçme-Kesikköprü Province (East of Elaziğ, Eastern Turkey): Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Characterization. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 362(1), 012122.
32. 32. Ural, M., Sari, B., 2019. New Planktonic Foraminifera Data from the Upper Cretaceous Pelagic Limestones of the Yüksekova Complex in the Maden Area (Southeast of Elazığ, Eastern Turkey). In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 362(1), 012121.
33. 33. Ural, M., Sari, M.K, 2019. Paleogeographic and Age Findings on Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblages of Yuksekova Complex in the Northeast of Elazig (Eastern Turkey). In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 362(1), 012146.
34. 34. Bingöl, A.F., 1982. ELAZIĞ-PERTEK- KOVANCILAR ARASI VOLKANİK KAYAÇLARIN PETROLOJİSİ. Fırat Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 1, 9-21.
35. 35. Bingöl, A.F., 1984. Geology of the Elazig Area in the Eastern Taurus Region. In: Tekeli, O., Göncüoglu, M.C. (Eds.), Proceedings of International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, 26-29 September, MTA, 209-216, Ankara.
36. 36. Bingöl, A.F., 1988. Petrographical and Petrological Features of the Intrusive Rocks of Yüksekova Complex in the Elazığ Region (Eastern Taurus-Turkey). Journal of Fırat University, 3(2), 1-17.
37. 37. Hempton, M., 1985. Structure and Deformation History of the Bitlis Suture Near Lake Hazar, SE Turkey, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 96, 223-243.
38. 38. Aktas, G., Robertson, A.H.F., 1984. The Maden Complex, SE Turkey: Evolution of a Neotethyan Active Margin. In: Dixon, J.E., Robertson, A.H.F. (Eds.), The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 375-402, Oxford.
39. 39. Türkmen, İ., İnceöz, M., Aksoy, E., Kaya, M., 2001. Elazığ Yöresinin Eosen Stratigrafisi ve Paleocoğrafyası ile İlgili Yeni Bulgular. Yerbilimleri, 24, 81-95.
40. 40. Caglar, M.K., 2009. Benthic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the Tertiary Sediments from the Elazig and Malatya Basins, Eastern Turkey. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 74, 209-222.
41. 41. Akkoca, D.B., Yıldırım, İ., Ertürk, M.A., 2018. First Data on the Geochemistry of Fluvial Deposits of Çaybağı and Palu Formations (Eastern Elazığ, Turkey). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(3), 527-537.
42. 42. Türkmen, İ., Aksoy, E., Taşgin, C.K., 2007. Alluvial and Lacustrine Facies in an Extensional Basin: The Miocene of Malatya Basin, Eastern Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 30(1), 181-198.
43. 43. Şengör, A.M.C., Yilmaz, Y., 1981. Tethyan Evolution of Turkey: A Plate Tectonic Approach, Tectonophysics, 75, 181–241.
44. 44. Göncüoglu, M.C., 2010. Introduction to the Geology of Turkey: Geodynamic Evolution of the Pre-alpine and Alpine Terranes, MTA Monographs Series, 66 (ISBN 978-605-4075- 74, in Turkish).
45. 45. Yazgan, E., 1984. Geodynamic Evolution of the Eastern Taurus Region (Malatya-Elazig area, Turkey). In: Tekeli, O., Göncüoglu, M.C. (Eds.), International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, Proceedings, 26-29 September, MTA, 199-208, Ankara.
46. 46. Yılmaz, Y., 1993. New Evidence and Model Evolution of the Southeast Anatolian Orogen. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 105, 251-271.
47. 47. Yilmaz, Y., Yigitbas, E., Genc, S., 1993. Ophiolitic and Metamorphic Assemblages of Southeast Anatolia and Their Significance in the Geological Evolution of the Orogenic Belt. Tectonics, 12(5), 1280-1297.
48. 48. Beyarslan, M., Bingöl, A.F., 2000. Petrology of a Supra-subduction Zone Ophiolite (Kömürhan-Elazig-Turkey). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, 1411-1424.
49. 49. Kılıç, A.D., 2005. Hazar Gölü (Sivrice-Elazığ) Güneyinin Petrografik ve Petrolojik Özellikleri. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 103, Elazığ.
50. 50. Rizeli, M.E., Beyarslan, M., Wang, K.L., Bingöl, A.F., 2016. Mineral Chemistry and Petrology of Mantle Peridotites from the Guleman Ophiolite (SE Anatolia, Turkey): Evidence of a Forearc Setting. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 123, 392-402.
51. 51. Erturk, M.A., Beyarslan, M., Chung, S.L., Lin, T.H., 2018. Eocene Magmatism (Maden Complex) in the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt: Magma Genesis and Tectonic Implications, Geoscience Frontiers, 9(6), 1829-1847.
52. 52. Sar, A., Ertürk, M.A., Rizeli, M.E., 2019. Genesis of Late Cretaceous Intra-oceanic Arc Intrusions in the Pertek Area of Tunceli Province, Eastern Turkey, and Implications for the Geodynamic Evolution of the Southern Neo-Tethys: Results of Zircon U–Pb Geochronology and Geochemical and Sr–Nd Isotopic Analyses. Lithos, 350, 105263.
53. 53. Parlak, O., Rızaoğlu, T., Bagcı, U., Karaoğlan, F., Höck, V., 2009. Tectonic Significance of the Geochemistry and Petrology of Ophiolites in Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. Tectonophysics, 473(1-2), 173-187.
54. 54. Parlak, O., Karaoğlan, F., Rizaoğlu, T., Nurlu, N., Bağci, U., Höck, V., Öztüfekçi Önal, A., Kürüm, S., Topak, Y., 2013. Petrology of the İspendere (Malatya) Ophiolite from the Southeast Anatolia: Implications for the Late Mesozoic Evolution of the Southern Neotethyan Ocean. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 372(1), 219-247.
55. 55. Karaoğlan, F., Parlak, O., Klötzli, U., Koller, F., Rızaoğlu, T., 2013. Age and Duration of Intra-oceanic Arc Volcanism Built on a Suprasubduction Zone Type Oceanic Crust in Southern Neotethys, SE Anatolia. Geoscience Frontiers, 4(4), 399-408.
56. 56. Aksoy, E., 1993. Elazığ Batı ve Güneyinin Genel Jeolojik Özellikleri. Türk Yerbil. Derg., 1/1, 113-123.
57. 57. Çelik, H., 2003. Mastar Dağı (Elazığ GD’su) Çevresinin Stratigrafik ve Tektonik Özellikleri. Doktora tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 95.
58. 58. Aksoy, E., Turan, M., Türkmen, İ., Özkul, M., 1996. Elazığ Havzasının Tersiyer’deki Evrimi. In: Korkmaz, S., Akçay, M. (Eds.), KTÜ Jeoloji Müh. Bölümü 30. Yıl Sempozyumu Bildirileri, 293-310, Trabzon.
59. 59. Aksoy, E., Türkmen, İ., Turan M., 2005. Tectonics and Sedimentation in Convergent Margin Basins: An Example from the Tertiary Elazığ Basin, Eastern Turkey. J Asian Earth Sci., 25, 459-472.
60. 60. Köküm, M., İnceöz, M., 2018. Structural Analysis of the Northern Part of the East Anatolian Fault System, Journal of Structural Geology, 114, 55-63.
61. 61. Özdemir, Y., 2016. Geochemistry of Tholeiitic to Alkaline Lavas from the East of Lake Van (Turkey): Implications for a Late Cretaceous Mature Supra-subduction Zone Environment. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 120, 77-88.
62. 62. Celik, H., 2013. The Effects of Linear Coarse- grained Slope Channel Bodies on the Orientations of Fold Developments: A Case Study from the Middle Eocene-Lower Oligocene Kırkgeçit Formation, Elazığ, Eastern Turkey, Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22 (2), 320-338.
63. 63. MTA, 2002. Türkiye 1/500,000 ölçekli Jeoloji Haritası. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, 18 pafta. Ankara.
64. 64. Winchester, J.A., Floyd, P.A., 1977. Geochemical Discrimination of Different Magma Series and Their Differentiation Product Using Immobile Elements. Chemical Geology, 20, 325-343.
65. 65. Barrett, T.J., MacLean, W.H., 1999. Volcanic Sequences, Lithogeochemistry and Hydrothermal Alteration in Some Bimodal Volcanic-associated Massive Sulfide Systems, Reviews in Economic Geology, 8, 101–113.
66. 66. Ross, P.S., Bedard, J.H., 2009. Magmatic Affinity of Modern and Ancient Subalkaline Volcanic Rocks Determined from Trace- element Discriminant Diagrams. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 46, 823-839.
67. 67. Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and Isotopic Systematics of Oceanic Basalts; Implications for Mantle Composition and Processes. In: Magmatism in the Ocean Basins, Saunders, A.D., and Norry, M.J. (Eds.), Geological Society of London, 42, 313-345.
68. 68. Pearce, J.A., 2008. Geochemical Fingerprinting of Oceanic Basalts with Applications to Ophiolite Classification and the Search for Archean Oceanic Crust. Lithos, 100, 14-48.