Effects of glutamine and β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate on methotrexate induced intestinal mucositis
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate preventing effects of Glutamine (Gln) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on methotrexate induced intestinal mucositis
Materials and Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups (G). Group G1 defined as control and G2 was the methotrexate (MTX) treated group. The group G3, G4 and G5 were MTX plus Gln, Mtx plus HMB, MTX plus Gln and HMB respectively. Distilled water was applied by gavage to the first 2 groups. Rat received intraperitoneal injections of MTX at the third day. On the fifth day intestinal tissue samples were obtained.
Results: The G5 had similar results with the G1 group in the crypt length. According to Park scoring, G1 and G5 were both the highest scores among five study groups. When the tissue was inspected by caspase-3 coating, the lowest apoptotic rate is found in the G5.
Conclusion: This research showed that the combination of Gln and HMB use is more effective then the separate use of both chemicals.
Keywords
Glutamine,β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate,mucositis,methotrexate,rat
References
- 1. Rubenstein EB, Peterson DE, Schubert M, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of cancer therapy-induced oral and gastrointestinal mucositis. Cancer 2004;100(9 Suppl):2026–2046
- 2. Pico JL, Avila-Garavito A, Naccache P. Mucositis: its occurrence, consequences, and treatment in the oncology setting. The Oncologist 1998;3: 446–451
- 3. Sonis ST, Elting LS, Keefe D, et al. Perspectives on cancer therapy-induced mucosal injury: Pathogenesis, measurement, epidemiology, and consequences for patients. Cancer 2004;100:1995–2025
- 4. van Zanten AR., Dhaliwal R., Garrel D., Heyland DK. Enteral glutamine supplementation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2015 Aug 18;19:294
- 5. Neu J, Li N. Pathophysiology of glutamine and glutamate metabolism in premature infants. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007 Jan;10(1):75-9
- 6. Sido B, Seel C, Hochlehnert A, et al. Low intestinal glutamine level and low glutaminase activity in Crohn's disease: a rational for glutamine supplementation? Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51:2170–9
- 7. van der Hulst RR, van Kreel BK, von Meyenfeldt MF, et al. Glutamine and the preservation of gut integrity. Lancet. 1993;341:1363–5
- 8. Coeffier M, Dechelotte P. The role of glutamine in intensive care unit patients: mechanisms of action and clinical outcome. Nutr Rev. 2005;63:65–9
- 9. Pimentel GD, Rosa JC, Lira FS, et al. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation stimulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy in rats via the mTOR pathway. Nutr Metab 2011;8:11-18
- 10. Nissen S, Sharp R, Ray M, et al. Effect of leucine metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on muscle metabolism during resistance-exercise training. J Appl Physion 1996;81:2095-2104
