Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXAs) are rare neoplasms comprising less than 1% of all astrocytic tumors, are World Health Organization (WHO) grade II glial tumour.
Referans1 Giannini C, Paulus W, Louis DN, Liberski PP, Figarella-Branger D, Capper D. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. In: Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK, editors. WHO classification of Tumours of the central nervous system, vol. 28-45. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC); 2016. p. 94–9.
Referans2 Giannini C, Scheithauer BW, Burger PC, Brat DJ, Wollan PC, Lach B. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: what do we really know about it? Cancer. 1999; 85:2033– 45
Referans3 Kepes JJ, Rubinstein LJ, Eng LF. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: a distinctive meningocerebral glioma of young subjects with relatively favorable prognosis. A study of 12 cases. Cancer 1979; 44:1839–52.
Referans4 Oh T, Kaur G, Madden M, Bloch O, Parsa AT. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas: institutional experience of 18 patients. J Clin Neurosci. 2014; 21:1767–72.
Referans5 Ida CM, Rodriguez FJ, Burger PC, Caron AA, Jenkins SM, Spears GM et al. (2015) Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long-Term Follow-Up. Brain Pathol Sep;25(5):575-86
Referans6 Perkins SM, Mitra N, Fei W, Shinohara ET. Patterns of care and outcomes of patients with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: a SEER analysis. J Neurooncol 2012; S110:99 –104
Referans7 Rumboldt Z, Castillo M, Huang B, Rossi A. Brain Imaging with MRI and CT. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:1139576399.
Referans8 Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK "WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System. 4th Edition Revised" ISBN: 9789283244929
Referans9 Crespo-Rodríguez AM, Smirniotopoulos JG, Rushing EJ. (2007) MR and CT imaging of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA) and a review of the literature. Neuroradiology Apr;49(4):307-15.
Referans10 Yu S, He L, Zhuang X, Luo B. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: MR imaging findings in 19 patients. Acta Radiol. 2011;52 (2): 223-8.
Referans11 Moore W, Mathis D, Gargan L, Bowers D.C, Klesse L.J, Margraf L et al. Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma of Childhood: MR Imaging and Diffusion MR Imaging Features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Nov; 35(11): 2192–2196.
Referans12 Rao AA, Laack NN, Giannini C, Wetmore C. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010 Aug;55(2):290-4.
Pleomorfik ksantoastrositomlar (PXA), Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) derece II glial tümör olup tüm astrositik tümörlerin %1'inden azını oluşturan nadir görülen neoplazilerdir.
Referans1 Giannini C, Paulus W, Louis DN, Liberski PP, Figarella-Branger D, Capper D. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. In: Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK, editors. WHO classification of Tumours of the central nervous system, vol. 28-45. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC); 2016. p. 94–9.
Referans2 Giannini C, Scheithauer BW, Burger PC, Brat DJ, Wollan PC, Lach B. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: what do we really know about it? Cancer. 1999; 85:2033– 45
Referans3 Kepes JJ, Rubinstein LJ, Eng LF. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: a distinctive meningocerebral glioma of young subjects with relatively favorable prognosis. A study of 12 cases. Cancer 1979; 44:1839–52.
Referans4 Oh T, Kaur G, Madden M, Bloch O, Parsa AT. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas: institutional experience of 18 patients. J Clin Neurosci. 2014; 21:1767–72.
Referans5 Ida CM, Rodriguez FJ, Burger PC, Caron AA, Jenkins SM, Spears GM et al. (2015) Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Natural History and Long-Term Follow-Up. Brain Pathol Sep;25(5):575-86
Referans6 Perkins SM, Mitra N, Fei W, Shinohara ET. Patterns of care and outcomes of patients with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: a SEER analysis. J Neurooncol 2012; S110:99 –104
Referans7 Rumboldt Z, Castillo M, Huang B, Rossi A. Brain Imaging with MRI and CT. Cambridge University Press. (2012) ISBN:1139576399.
Referans8 Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK "WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System. 4th Edition Revised" ISBN: 9789283244929
Referans9 Crespo-Rodríguez AM, Smirniotopoulos JG, Rushing EJ. (2007) MR and CT imaging of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA) and a review of the literature. Neuroradiology Apr;49(4):307-15.
Referans10 Yu S, He L, Zhuang X, Luo B. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: MR imaging findings in 19 patients. Acta Radiol. 2011;52 (2): 223-8.
Referans11 Moore W, Mathis D, Gargan L, Bowers D.C, Klesse L.J, Margraf L et al. Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma of Childhood: MR Imaging and Diffusion MR Imaging Features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Nov; 35(11): 2192–2196.
Referans12 Rao AA, Laack NN, Giannini C, Wetmore C. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010 Aug;55(2):290-4.