Salivary glucose levels and its correlation with serum glucose and glycemic status in Diabetics

Year 2014, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 7 - 18, 22.07.2014

Vagish Kumar L S

https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.96265

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disease that is frequently encountered routinely by dentists. There is increased interest towards non invasive modes to diagnose this disease, one of which is Saliva. The aim of the study was to determine Salivary glucose levels in diabetic and healthy controls, to determine and compare salivary glucose levels with serum glucose in a group of diabetic subjects and matched controls and to study the correlation of salivary glucose levels and glycemic control status in diabetics and controls as determined by HbA1c values. Material and Methods:-The study sample included 200 subjects, 120 with diabetes and 80 controls aged between 5-75 years. Samples of whole saliva and serum were obtained for determining salivary glucose level (SGL), Blood glucose level (BGL) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Serum and salivary glucose was assayed by use of Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase method. Glycosylated hemoglobin was determined by Ion Exchange Resin method. Results:-Salivary glucose levels were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls. Significant positive correlation was found between SGL and BGL in diabetics as well as controls. No positive correlation was found between SGL and HbA1c, nor was any correlation found between SGL, age, sex, and duration of disease. Conclusion:-Saliva can be used as a routine potential diagnostic tool in assessing diabetes mellitus, the most prevalent among Indian population. It is a simple and non invasive technique in screening and monitoring of this disease. Repeated painful pricks, hazard of getting infections, complications in hemophiliac patients and various other disadvantages that involve the blood tests currently used for diagnosis and monitoring of this widely prevalent Diabetes mellitus disease, can be replaced by non invasive tests involving Saliva, which is also a cost effective.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, Salivary Glucose level, Blood glucose level, Glycosylated hemoglobin

Diyabetli Hastalarda Tükrük Glukoz Seviyelerinin Serum Glukoz Seviyesi ve Glisemik Durum ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); diş hekimlerinin rutin çalışmalarında sıklıkla karşılaştığı endokrin sistemle ilişkili bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalıkta tükrük örneklerininde aralarında bulunduğu, non-invazif teşhise yönelik uygulamalara doğru bir eğilim vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı diyabetli hastalar ile sağlıklı kontrollerin tükrük glukoz seviyelerini belirlemek ve bu iki grubun tükrük glukoz seviyeleri ile serum glukoz seviyelerini karşılaştırmak ve Diabetli vakaların oluşturduğu grup ile kontrol grubunun tükrük glukoz seviyesi ile ilişkili glisemik durumlarını,her iki grubunda HbA1c değerlerini göz önünde bulundurarak karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışma grubu, 5-75 yaşları arasında 120 diabetik ve 80 sağlıklı kontrol olmak üzere toplam 200 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Bu bireylerden alınan bütün tükrük ve serum örneklerinde; tükrük glukoz seviyesi (SGL), kan glukoz seviyesi (BGL), glikozile hemoglobin (HbA1c) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Kan (serum) ve tükrük glukoz seviyeleri Glukoz Oksidaz Peroksidaz metodu kullanılarak tesbit edilmiştir. Glikozile hemoglobin (HbA1c) değeri ise Ion Exchange Resin yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Tükrük glukoz seviyesi, diyabetik grupta kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede yüksektir. Diyabetik ve kontrol gruplarında tükrük glukoz seviyesi (SGL) ve kan glukoz seviyesi (BGL) değerleri arasında önemli pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Diyabetik hastalarda tükrük glukoz seviyesi ile HbA1c değeri arasında ve SGL, yaş, cinsiyet ve hastalığın süresi gibi kriterler arasında herhangi bir pozitif ilişki bulunamamıştır. Sonuç: Hindistan populasyonunda en yaygın gözlenen Diabetes Mellitus"un teşhisinde tükrük örneği potansiyel bir teşhis materyali olarak kullanılabilir. Tükrük örneği analizi hastalığın taranması ve takibinde kullanılacak basit ve non-invazif bir yöntemdir. Diabetes Mellitus" un teşhisinde ve gözleminde halen yaygın olarak kullanılan kan testleri, hemofilik hastalarda tekrarlayan ağrılı döküntüler gibi zararlı enfeksiyonları beraberinde getiren komplikasyonlar ve bunlar gibi pek çok dezavantaja sahiptir. Bu nedenle non-invazif tükrük testi kan testlerinin yerini alabilir. Aynı zamanda,tükrük testinin maliyeti de diğer yöntemlere kıyasla daha uygundur.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Tükürük glukoz düzeyi, kan glukoz düzeyi, glikozile.

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