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Compartment syndrome developed due to the plaster cast :Three cases report

Year 2013, Volume: 38 Issue: 4, 774 - 778, 01.12.2013

Abstract

Compartment syndrome can occur as a result of the complication of the plaster cast applications ,which are frequently used for fracture stabilization. This syndrome occurs due to increased compartment volume or shrinking of compartment area because of edema, hemorrage or high pressure of tissues. All of these mechanisms causes arteriolar compression, resulting nerve and muscle ischemia. Intensive and continuous pain is common and limits the motions of the patient and increases with passive stretching of the involved muscles. Swelling of limb, change in skin color, peripheral vasculatory failure symptoms such as pallor,weak arterial pulsation and as a result of peripheral nerve damage, sensorimotor deficit can also be observed. Clinical evaluation, measure of pressure within the compartment, and electroneuromyography (ENMG) can be used for the diagnosis. In addition to treatment of to the treatment of etiology and pain, further treatment options such as fasciotomy, physiotherapy modalities, tendon transfers, can be performed. In this case report, we will discuss three patients with nerve lesions as a result of the compartment syndrome that developed due to the plaster casting of bone fractures.

References

  • Tollens T, Janzing H, Broos P. The pathophysiology of the acute compartment syndrome. Acta Chir Belg. 1998; 98:171-5.
  • Tiwari A, Haq Al, Myint F, Hamilton G. Acute compartment syndromes. Br J Surg. 2002; 89:3974
  • McQueen MM, Gaston P, Court-Brown CM. Acute compartment syndrome. Who is at risk? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2000; 82: 200–3.
  • Garayoa SA, Romero-Muñoz LM, Pons-Villanueva J. Acute compartment syndrome of the forearm caused by calcific tendinitis of the distal biceps. Musculoskelet Surg. 2010; 94:137-9.
  • Moghtaderi A, Alavi-Naini R, Azimi H. Compartment syndrome: an unusual course for a rare disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005; 73:450-2.
  • Botte MJ, Gelberman RH. Acute compartment syndrome of the forearm. Hand Clin. 1998;14:391– 40
  • Schubert AG. Exertional compartment syndrome: review of the literature and proposed rehabilitation guidelines following surgical release. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011; 6:126-41.
  • Tucker AK. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the leg. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010; 3:32-7.
  • Boles CA, Kannam S, Cardwell AB. The forearm: anatomy of muscle compartments and nerves. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000; 174:151-9.
  • Pantle HA, Chanmugam A. Case report: acute forearm compartment syndrome due to sudden, forceful supination of the hand. J Emerg Med. 2010;39:143-6. Chandraprakasam T, Kumar RA.
  • Acute compartment syndrome of forearm and hand. Indian J Plast Surg. 2011; 44:212-8.
  • Emre U, Özdolap Ş, Gül Ş, Keser S. [Ulnar and radial nerve injury due to acute compartment syndrome]. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2007; 53:160
  • Yamaguchi S, Viegas SF. Causes of upper extremity compartment syndrome. Hand Clin. 1998; 14:365-70.
  • Gelberman RH, Garfin SR, Hergenroeder PT, Mubarak SJ, Menon J. Compartment syndromes of the forearm: diagnosis and treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1981; 252–61.
  • Crawford B, Comstock S. Acute compartment syndrome of the dorsal forearm following noncontact injury. CJEM. 2010; 12:453-6.
  • Mergen E, Başarır K. Compartment syndrome. Turkiye Klinikleri J Orthop & Traumatol-Special Topics. 2010; 3:59-63.
  • Chung JH, Ahn KR, Park JH, Kim CS, Kang KS, Yoo SH et al. Lower leg compartment syndrome following prolonged orthopedic surgery in the lithotomy position -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2010; 59:49-52.
  • Yazışma Adresi / Address for Correspondence: Dr. Pınar Doruk Başkent Üniversitesi Adana Sağlık Yerleşkesi Fizik Tedavi Bölümü ı ADANA e-mail: doruk.pinar@gmail.com geliş tarihi/received :12.03.2013 kabul tarihi/accepted:08.04.2013

Alçı Uygulaması Sonrası Gelişen Kompartman Sendromu: Üç olgu sunumu

Year 2013, Volume: 38 Issue: 4, 774 - 778, 01.12.2013

Abstract

Kırık stabilizasyonunda yaygın olarak kullanılan alçı uygulamalarının komplikasyonu olarak kompartman sendromu oluşabilir. Bu sendrom; dokulardaki basınç artışı, ödem veya hemoraji nedeniyle kompartman alanının azalması yada kompartman içi volüm artışına bağlı olarak gelişir. Bütün bunların sonucunda oluşan arterioler kompresyon ile kas ve sinir iskemisi oluşur. Kişinin hareketlerini kısıtlayan ,özellikle kasın pasif olarak gerilmesi ile artış gösteren şiddetli ve sürekli ağrı yaygındır. Ekstremitede şişlik, ciltte renk değişikliği, solukluk ya da arteriyel pulsasyonun alınamaması gibi dolaşım bozukluğuna ait bulgular, periferik sinir hasarına bağlı olarak sensorimotor defisitler görülebilir. Tanıda klinik bulgular, kompartman içi basınç ölçümü ve elektronöromyografi (ENMG) kullanılabilir. Etyoloji ve ağrı tedavisine ek olarak fasiyotomi, fizik tedavi modaliteleri, tendon transferleri yapılabilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda, kırık nedeniyle uygulanan alçı sonrası gelişen kompartman sendromuna bağlı olarak periferik sinir lezyonu saptanan üç hastayı tartışıyoruz.

References

  • Tollens T, Janzing H, Broos P. The pathophysiology of the acute compartment syndrome. Acta Chir Belg. 1998; 98:171-5.
  • Tiwari A, Haq Al, Myint F, Hamilton G. Acute compartment syndromes. Br J Surg. 2002; 89:3974
  • McQueen MM, Gaston P, Court-Brown CM. Acute compartment syndrome. Who is at risk? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2000; 82: 200–3.
  • Garayoa SA, Romero-Muñoz LM, Pons-Villanueva J. Acute compartment syndrome of the forearm caused by calcific tendinitis of the distal biceps. Musculoskelet Surg. 2010; 94:137-9.
  • Moghtaderi A, Alavi-Naini R, Azimi H. Compartment syndrome: an unusual course for a rare disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005; 73:450-2.
  • Botte MJ, Gelberman RH. Acute compartment syndrome of the forearm. Hand Clin. 1998;14:391– 40
  • Schubert AG. Exertional compartment syndrome: review of the literature and proposed rehabilitation guidelines following surgical release. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011; 6:126-41.
  • Tucker AK. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the leg. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2010; 3:32-7.
  • Boles CA, Kannam S, Cardwell AB. The forearm: anatomy of muscle compartments and nerves. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000; 174:151-9.
  • Pantle HA, Chanmugam A. Case report: acute forearm compartment syndrome due to sudden, forceful supination of the hand. J Emerg Med. 2010;39:143-6. Chandraprakasam T, Kumar RA.
  • Acute compartment syndrome of forearm and hand. Indian J Plast Surg. 2011; 44:212-8.
  • Emre U, Özdolap Ş, Gül Ş, Keser S. [Ulnar and radial nerve injury due to acute compartment syndrome]. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2007; 53:160
  • Yamaguchi S, Viegas SF. Causes of upper extremity compartment syndrome. Hand Clin. 1998; 14:365-70.
  • Gelberman RH, Garfin SR, Hergenroeder PT, Mubarak SJ, Menon J. Compartment syndromes of the forearm: diagnosis and treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1981; 252–61.
  • Crawford B, Comstock S. Acute compartment syndrome of the dorsal forearm following noncontact injury. CJEM. 2010; 12:453-6.
  • Mergen E, Başarır K. Compartment syndrome. Turkiye Klinikleri J Orthop & Traumatol-Special Topics. 2010; 3:59-63.
  • Chung JH, Ahn KR, Park JH, Kim CS, Kang KS, Yoo SH et al. Lower leg compartment syndrome following prolonged orthopedic surgery in the lithotomy position -A case report-. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2010; 59:49-52.
  • Yazışma Adresi / Address for Correspondence: Dr. Pınar Doruk Başkent Üniversitesi Adana Sağlık Yerleşkesi Fizik Tedavi Bölümü ı ADANA e-mail: doruk.pinar@gmail.com geliş tarihi/received :12.03.2013 kabul tarihi/accepted:08.04.2013
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research
Authors

Pınar Doruk This is me

Berrin Leblebici This is me

Mehmet Adam This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 38 Issue: 4

Cite

MLA Doruk, Pınar et al. “Alçı Uygulaması Sonrası Gelişen Kompartman Sendromu: Üç Olgu Sunumu”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 38, no. 4, 2013, pp. 774-8.