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Risk of anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes and related factors

Year 2019, Volume: 44 Issue: 2, 479 - 485, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.463589

Abstract

Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the anxiety and depression risks of patients with type 2 diabetes who have an important public health problem in the world and in Turkey and to determine the conditions related to these risks.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was performed in 636 patients with type 2 diabetes who presented to the Internal Diseases Clinic. A questionnaire form prepared by the researchers was used for sociodemographic data. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to determine the anxiety and depression risks of the patients.

Results: 59.9% (n = 381) of the participants were female and 40.1% (n = 255) were male and the mean age of the whole group was 59.98 ± 11.66 years. The risk of anxiety was found in 48.4% (n = 308) of the participants and the risk of depression was found in 67.3% (n = 428). The risk of anxiety and depression was significantly higher in women aged 60 and over, in women, in primary and lower education, in housewives or retired, in patients with comorbid diseases and in those receiving insulin therapy. It was significantly lower in married and smokers.

Conclusion: The risk of anxiety and depression was found to be high in patients with Type 2 diabetes. This risk was associated with age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, comorbidity and diabetes treatment. Patients with high risk for anxiety and depression should be treated with the psychiatry department.

References

  • 1. Diabetes mellitus ve komplikasyonlarının tanı, tedavi ve izlem kılavuzu. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği, Ankara, 2017.
  • 2. Van den Akker M, Schuurman A, Metsemakers J, et al. Is depression related to subsequent diabetes mellitus? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;110:178-83.
  • 3. Roy T, Lloyd CE. J Affect Disord. 2012 Oct;142 Suppl:S8-21. Epidemiology of depression and diabetes: a systematic review.
  • 4. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes 2015. Diabetes Care 2015; 38(1):18.
  • 5. Aydemir Ö, Köroğlu E. Psikiyatride Kullanılan Klinik Ölçekler. Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Ankara, 2006, 138–139, 346–347.
  • 6. Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Hastane anksiyete ve depresyon ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg 1997;8:280–7.
  • 7. Garret C, Doherty A. Diabetes and Mental Health. Clinical Medicine 2014;14:669-72.
  • 8. Ali S, Stone MA, Peters JL, Davies MJ, Khunti K. The prevalance of comorbiddepression in adults with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med 2006;23:1165-73.
  • 9. Nouwen A, Winkley K, Twisk J, et al. Type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for onset of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2010;12:2480-6.
  • 10. Smith KJ, Deschênes SS, Schmitz N. Investigating the longitudinal association between diabetes and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med. 2018 Jun;35(6):677-93.
  • 11. Özdemir İ, Hocaoğlu Ç, Koçak M, Ersöz HÖ. Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Yaşam Kalitesi ve Ruhsal Belirtiler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2011;24:128-38.
  • 12. Sönmez B, Kasım İ. Diabetes mellitus’lu hastaların anksiyete, depresyon durumları ve yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri. Türk Aile Hek Derg 2013;17(3):119-24.
  • 13. Sun N, Lou P, Shang Y, Zhang P, Wang J, Chang G, Shi C. Prevalence and determinants of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults with type 2 diabetes in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2016 Aug 16;6(8):e012540.
  • 14. Sakamaki H, Ikeda S, Kegami N, et al. Measurement of HRQL using EQ-5D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan. Value Health 2006;9:47-53.
  • 15. Ganatra HA, Zafar SN, Qidwai W, et al. Prevalence and predictors of depression among an elderly population of Pakistan. Aging Ment Health 2008;12:349–56.
  • 16. Bensbaa S, Agerd L, Boujraf S, et al.Clinical assessment of depression and type 2 diabetes in Morocco:economical and social components. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2014;5:250-3.
  • 17. Khuwaja AK, Lalani S, Dhanani R, et al. Anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes: a multi-centre study of prevalence and associated factors. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2010;2:72.
  • 18. Mikaliūkštienė A, Žagminas K, Juozulynas A, Narkauskaitė L, Sąlyga J, Jankauskienė K, Stukas R, Šurkienė G. Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes in Lithuania. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Feb 4;20:182-90.
  • 19. J. Masmoudi, R. Damak, H. Zouari, U. Ouali, A. Mechri, N. Zouari, et al. Prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression on type 2 diabetes in Tunisian patients over sixty years oldDepress Res Treat [Internet], 2013 (2013), Article 341782
  • 20. Abdulrahman A.Al-Mohaimeed. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among type 2 diabetes in Qassim: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 2017;12(5):430-6.
  • 21. Thomas J, Jones G, Scarinci I, Brantley P: A descriptive and comparative study of the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in lowincome adults with type 2 diabetes and other chronic illnesses. Diabetes Care 2003;26:2311-7.
  • 22. Aina Y, Susman JL. Understanding Comorbidity with depression and anxiety disorders. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2006;5:9-14.
  • 23. M. M. Collins, P. Corcoran and Perry J. Psychology anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with diabetes. Diabet Med 2009;26:153-61.
  • 24. Almawi W, Tamim H, Al-Sayed N, Arekat MR, Al-Khateeb GM, Baqer A, et al: Association of comorbid depression, anxiety and stress disorders with type 2 diabetes in Bahrain, a country with a very high prevalence of type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2008, 31:1020-4.
  • 25. Raval A, Dhanaraj E, Bhansali A, Grover S, Tiwari P. Prevalence and determinants of depression in type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary care centre. Indian J Med Res 2010;132:195-200.
  • 26. Tovilla-Zárate C, Juárez-Rojop I, Peralta Jimenez Y, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with Type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population. PLoS One 2012;7:e36887.

Tip 2 diyabet hastalarında anksiyete ve depresyon riski ve ilişkili faktörler

Year 2019, Volume: 44 Issue: 2, 479 - 485, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.463589

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda dünyada ve ülkemizde önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olan, ve prevalansı giderek artan tip 2 diyabetli hastaların anksiyete ve depresyon risklerini belirlemeyi ve bu risklerle ilişkili durumları tespit etmeyi amaçladık.


Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu analitik araştırma İç Hastalıkları Polikliniğine başvuran, tip 2 diyabet tanılı 636 hastada gerçekleştirildi. Sosyodemografik veriler için araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formu kullanıldı. Hastaların anksiyete ve depresyon risklerini belirlemek için Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADÖ) kullanıldı.


Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların %59,9’u (n=381) kadın, %40,1’i (n=255) erkek, tüm grubun yaş ortalaması 59,98±11,66 yıl idi. Katılanların %48,4’ünde (n=308) anksiyete riski, %67,3’ünde (n=428) ise depresyon riski bulunmakta idi. 60 yaş ve üstünde olanlarda, kadınlarda, ilkokul ve altı eğitimlilerde, ev hanımı veya emekli olanlarda, komorbid hastalığı bulunanlarda ve insülin tedavisi alanlarda anksiyete ve depresyon riski istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti. Evli olanlarda ve sigara içenlerde ise anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü.


Sonuç: Çalışmamızda anksiyete ve depresyon riski Tip 2 diyabet hastalarında yüksek bulundu. Bu risk yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim, meslek, komorbidite ve diyabet tedavisi ile ilişkili bulundu. Anksiyete ve depresyon açısından yüksek riskli bulunan hastalar psikiyatri bölümü ile birlikte ele alınarak tedavi edilmelidir..

References

  • 1. Diabetes mellitus ve komplikasyonlarının tanı, tedavi ve izlem kılavuzu. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği, Ankara, 2017.
  • 2. Van den Akker M, Schuurman A, Metsemakers J, et al. Is depression related to subsequent diabetes mellitus? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;110:178-83.
  • 3. Roy T, Lloyd CE. J Affect Disord. 2012 Oct;142 Suppl:S8-21. Epidemiology of depression and diabetes: a systematic review.
  • 4. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes 2015. Diabetes Care 2015; 38(1):18.
  • 5. Aydemir Ö, Köroğlu E. Psikiyatride Kullanılan Klinik Ölçekler. Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Ankara, 2006, 138–139, 346–347.
  • 6. Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Hastane anksiyete ve depresyon ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg 1997;8:280–7.
  • 7. Garret C, Doherty A. Diabetes and Mental Health. Clinical Medicine 2014;14:669-72.
  • 8. Ali S, Stone MA, Peters JL, Davies MJ, Khunti K. The prevalance of comorbiddepression in adults with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med 2006;23:1165-73.
  • 9. Nouwen A, Winkley K, Twisk J, et al. Type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for onset of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2010;12:2480-6.
  • 10. Smith KJ, Deschênes SS, Schmitz N. Investigating the longitudinal association between diabetes and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med. 2018 Jun;35(6):677-93.
  • 11. Özdemir İ, Hocaoğlu Ç, Koçak M, Ersöz HÖ. Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Yaşam Kalitesi ve Ruhsal Belirtiler. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2011;24:128-38.
  • 12. Sönmez B, Kasım İ. Diabetes mellitus’lu hastaların anksiyete, depresyon durumları ve yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri. Türk Aile Hek Derg 2013;17(3):119-24.
  • 13. Sun N, Lou P, Shang Y, Zhang P, Wang J, Chang G, Shi C. Prevalence and determinants of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults with type 2 diabetes in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2016 Aug 16;6(8):e012540.
  • 14. Sakamaki H, Ikeda S, Kegami N, et al. Measurement of HRQL using EQ-5D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan. Value Health 2006;9:47-53.
  • 15. Ganatra HA, Zafar SN, Qidwai W, et al. Prevalence and predictors of depression among an elderly population of Pakistan. Aging Ment Health 2008;12:349–56.
  • 16. Bensbaa S, Agerd L, Boujraf S, et al.Clinical assessment of depression and type 2 diabetes in Morocco:economical and social components. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2014;5:250-3.
  • 17. Khuwaja AK, Lalani S, Dhanani R, et al. Anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes: a multi-centre study of prevalence and associated factors. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2010;2:72.
  • 18. Mikaliūkštienė A, Žagminas K, Juozulynas A, Narkauskaitė L, Sąlyga J, Jankauskienė K, Stukas R, Šurkienė G. Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes in Lithuania. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Feb 4;20:182-90.
  • 19. J. Masmoudi, R. Damak, H. Zouari, U. Ouali, A. Mechri, N. Zouari, et al. Prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression on type 2 diabetes in Tunisian patients over sixty years oldDepress Res Treat [Internet], 2013 (2013), Article 341782
  • 20. Abdulrahman A.Al-Mohaimeed. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among type 2 diabetes in Qassim: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 2017;12(5):430-6.
  • 21. Thomas J, Jones G, Scarinci I, Brantley P: A descriptive and comparative study of the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in lowincome adults with type 2 diabetes and other chronic illnesses. Diabetes Care 2003;26:2311-7.
  • 22. Aina Y, Susman JL. Understanding Comorbidity with depression and anxiety disorders. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2006;5:9-14.
  • 23. M. M. Collins, P. Corcoran and Perry J. Psychology anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with diabetes. Diabet Med 2009;26:153-61.
  • 24. Almawi W, Tamim H, Al-Sayed N, Arekat MR, Al-Khateeb GM, Baqer A, et al: Association of comorbid depression, anxiety and stress disorders with type 2 diabetes in Bahrain, a country with a very high prevalence of type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2008, 31:1020-4.
  • 25. Raval A, Dhanaraj E, Bhansali A, Grover S, Tiwari P. Prevalence and determinants of depression in type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary care centre. Indian J Med Res 2010;132:195-200.
  • 26. Tovilla-Zárate C, Juárez-Rojop I, Peralta Jimenez Y, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among outpatients with Type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population. PLoS One 2012;7:e36887.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research
Authors

Seher Sayın 0000-0002-8731-9684

Serhat Sayın 0000-0002-8201-1760

Burak Bursalı This is me 0000-0002-4413-0232

Hatice Bilen İpek This is me 0000-0001-5241-5417

Publication Date June 30, 2019
Acceptance Date October 29, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 44 Issue: 2

Cite

MLA Sayın, Seher et al. “Tip 2 Diyabet hastalarında Anksiyete Ve Depresyon Riski Ve ilişkili faktörler”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 44, no. 2, 2019, pp. 479-85, doi:10.17826/cumj.463589.