Ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz olgularının epidemiyolojik profili: 4 yıllık deneyim

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 1033 - 1041, 30.09.2020

Pınar Etiz , Ali Tanju Altunsu

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.737325

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Adana Verem Savaş Dispanserine kayıtlı ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz olgularının demografik özelliklerinin incelenmesi, organ ve doku yerleşimleri açısından dağılımı, tanıda kullanılan yöntemlerin belirlenmesi ve tedavi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 2014-2017 yılları arasında ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz tanısı ile tedavi ve takip edilen 400 olgu geriye dönük olarak incelendi ve analiz edildi. Olguların demografik özellikleri, ilaç duyarlılık testleri, takip ve tedavi sonuçları değerlendirildi. Akciğer dışı tüberküloz vakaları için veriler tüberküloz kayıtları, tedavi kartları ve kişisel tıbbi dosyalarından toplandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan olguların yaşı 0-87 yıl arasında değişmekte olup (ortalama yaş: 41,19±19,97 yıl), 245 (%61,2)’i kadındır. En sık tutulan bölgenin lenf nodu (%38,8) olduğu, bunu %17,8’lik oranla plevra ve %9,0'luk oranla gastrointestinal tutulumun izlediği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ilaç duyarlılık testi sonucunda, çok ilaca dirençli tüberküloza rastlanmamıştır. Tedavi tamamlama oranı %95,7'dir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, Adana'da 4 yıllık dönemde akciğer dışı tüberküloz epidemiyolojisi hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Olguların en üretken yaşlarda görülmesi ülkemizin ekonomik kaybının boyutlarını göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Tüberküloz akciğer dışında en sık lenf düğümlerini tutmakla birlikte tüm organ ve dokuları tutabilen bir enfeksiyon hastalığı oldugu gösterilmiştir. Ülkemiz gibi tüberküloz açısından endemik olan ülkelerde, ekstrapulmoner tüberküloz olgularının epidemiyolojik ve klinik özelliklerinin daha geniş seriler ile araştırılmasının, hastalığın erken tanı ve tedavisi açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmüştür

Keywords

Epidemiyoloji, Ekstrapulmoner Tüberküloz, Tedavi Sonucu, Türkiye

Epidemiological profile of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases: 4 year-experience

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the demographic features, organ and tissue distribution, diagnostic methods and treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases who were registered to the Adana Tuberculosis Dispensary.
Materials and Methods: 400 cases, who were diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, treated and followed up between 2014 and 2017, were examined and analyzed retrospectively. Their demographic characteristics, drug susceptibility tests, follow‑ups and treatment outcomes were reviewed. Individual data for extrapulmoary tuberculosis cases were collected from tuberculosis registers, tuberculosis medical personal files and treatment cards.
Results: In total, 400 cases of extrapulmoary tuberculosis were recorded. Patients were within the range of 0 to 87 years old (mean age: 41.19±19.97 years), and 245 of them (61.2%) were female. Tuberculosis most frequently affected lymph nodes (38.8%), followed by pleura (17.8%) and gastrointestinal tract (9.0%). None of the cases had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Treatment completion rates were high and reached 95.8%.
Conclusion: The present findings provide information about the epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Adana during the 4-year period. The occurrence of cases at the most productive age is important to show the degree of economic loss in Turkey. Tuberculosis is a contagious illness that mainly affects the lymph nodes rather than the lungs. Investigations into epidemiological and clinical characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in large number of cases might be crucial to early diagnosis and therapy in endemic countries such as Turkey.

Keywords

Epidemiology, Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, Treatment outcome, Turkey

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