Epidemiologic features and treatment outcomes of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 1698 - 1706, 27.12.2020

Pınar Etiz Ali Tanju Altunsu

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.780991

Abstract

Purpose: We here aimed to examine the epidemiologic features and treatment outcomes of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases who were registered to the Adana Tuberculosis Dispensaries.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-six pediatric patients aged 0-18 years with the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined retrospectively in terms of demographic data, clinical characteristics and drug susceptibility test results, as well as treatment outcomes. Data were collected through medical record review.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 12.84 ± 5.62 years and 46.4% were female. Nine patients (16%) were aged 0-5 years, 4 (7.1%) were aged 5-10 years, 17 (30.3%) were aged 10-15 years and 26 patients (46.4%) were aged 15-18 years. Fourty-eight children was only pulmonary tuberculosis whereas eight possessed characteristics of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The most frequent symptoms were prolonged cough (80.3%) and weight loss (73.2%). Drug susceptibility test was performed only 22 patients. Multidrug resistance was determined in one patient. Among the 56 children for whom treatment outcome was documented, 39 (69.6%) were completed treatment, 16 (28.5%) were cured and 1 (1.7%) had treatment failure.
Conclusion: It was observed that the signs and symptoms of our patients were compatible with the literature. The epidemiological characterization of pediatric patients with pulmonary tuberculosis helps to provide a better diagnostic approach in this population.

Keywords

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pedaitrics, Public health, Pulmonary tuberculosis

Pediatrik pulmoner tüberküloz olgularının epidemiyolojik özellikleri ve tedavi sonuçları

Abstract

Amaç: Pediatrik tüberküloz dünya çapında tüberküloz yükünün önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Pediatrik tüberküloz toplumda tüberküloz yükünün devam ettiğini göstermesi bakımından da önemlidir. Çalışmamızda Adana ili Tüberküloz Dispanserlerine kayıtlı olan pediatrik pulmoner tüberküloz olgularının epidemiyolojik özelliklerini ve tedavi sonuçlarını incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Pulmoner tüberküloz tanısı konan 0-18 yaş arası 56 çocuk demografik veriler, klinik özellikler, ilaç duyarlılık testi ve tedavi sonuçları açısından geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Veriler tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 12,84 ± 5,62 olan olguların %46,4’ü kız idi. Sıfır-5 yaş arası 9 olgu (%16), 5-10 yaş arası 4 olgu (%7,1), 10-15 yaş arası 17 olgu (%30,3), 15-18 yaş arası 26 olgu (%46,4) vardı. Kırk sekiz çocukta sadece akciğer, sekizinde hem akciğer hem de akciğer dışı tutulum vardı. En sık görülen semptomlar uzun süren öksürük (%80,3) ve kilo kaybı (%73,2) idi. Sadece 22 hastaya ilaç duyarlılık testi uygulandı. Bir hastada çoklu ilaç direnci belirlendi. Tedavi sonuçları incelenen 56 çocuktan 39'u (%69,6) tedavisini tamamladı, 16'sında (%28,5) kür ve 1'inde (%1,7) tedavi başarısızlığı olduğu kaydedildi.
Sonuç: Hastalarımızın belirti ve bulgularının literatür ile uyumlu olduğu gözlendi. Pediatrik pulmoner tüberküloz olgularının epidemiyolojik karakterizasyonu, bu populasyonda daha iyi bir tanı yaklaşımının elde edilmesine yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

Halk sağlığı, Pediatri, Pulmoner tuberküloz, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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