Midye ile beslenen sıçanların böbrek dokusundaki histopatolojik değişikliklerin immünohistokimyasal yöntemle incelenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 1775 - 1782, 27.12.2020

Latife Ceyda İrkin , Şamil Öztürk

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada denizlerin önemli filtre işlevini gören midyelerin sıçan böbrek dokusu meydana getirdiği histopatolojik değişikleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda Wistar albino cinsi 24 adet dişi sıçan (200-260 g) kullanıldı. Birinci grup (n:6): standart sıçan yemi ile beslenen, ikinci grup (n:6): 4/5 midye + 1/5 standart sıçan yemi ile her gün; üçüncü grup (n:6): 4/5 midye + 1/5 standart sıçan yemi ile gün aşırı; dördüncü grup (n:6): 4/5 midye + 1/5 standart sıçan yemi ile her üç günde bir verilecek şekilde gruplar oluşturuldu. Denek ve kontrol gruplarından alınan tüm böbrek doku örnekleri rutin histopatolojik takip yapıldıktan sonra Hematoksilen- Eozin boyamasıyla, nefrotoksik etki ise immünohistokimyasal olarak TGF-β ve NF-κB ile boyanarak ışık mikroskopta görüntü analiz sistemi ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Midye ile beslenen sıçanların böbrek dokusunda mononükleer hücre infltrasyonuna, distal ve proksimal tübüllerde dilatasyona, glomerüllerde büzüşmelere ve tübül epitelinde dejenerasyona neden olduğu görülmüştür. İmmünohistokimyasal boyamlarda da TGF-β ve NF-κB immünreaktivitesinin inflamasyona ve apoptoza giden hücrelere bağlı arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle her gün midye verilen sıçanlarda nefrotoksik etkinin oldukça fazla olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Sağlıksız koşullarda temin edilen midyelerin fazla tüketimine bağlı boşaltım sistemi organlarından böbrek dokusunda kronikleşebilecek hasarlar oluşturabileceği gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

Midye, Histopatoloji, İmmünohistokimya, Böbrek

Supporting Institution

Yok

Immunohistochemical investigation of histopathological changes in the kidney tissue of mussel-fed rats

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological changes that the mussels, which serve as important filters of the sea, cause in rat kidney tissue.
Materials and Methods: In our study, 24 female (Wistar albino 6-10 week old rats) rats were used. First group (n: 6): fed with standard rat food, second group (n: 6): fed everyday with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food; third group (n: 6): fed 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food every two days; Fourth group (n: 6): were formed with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food to be given every three days. After the routine histopathological follow-up, all kidney tissue samples taken and control groups were analyzed with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and the nephrotoxic effect was immunoshistochemically with TGF-β and NF-κB and analyzed with a light microscope image analysis system.
Results: Mussel-fed rats were found to cause inflammation in the kidney tissue, dilatation in the distal and proximal tubules, shrinkage in the glomeruli and degeneration in the tubular epithelium. In immunohistochemical staining, TGF-β and NF-κB immunoreactivity increased due to cells leading to inflammation and apoptosis. The nephrotoxic effect was quite high especially in rats given daily mussels.
Conclusion: The mussel provided in unsanitary conditions may cause damage in kidney tissue from the excretory system organs due to excess consumption.

Keywords

Mussel, Immunohistochemistry, Kidney, Histophatology, Nephrotoxicity

References

• 1. Kuzey GM, Zergeroglu S. Basic pathology. Güneş kitabevi: 2007;19:539-589.
• 2. Isaka Y, Kimura T, Takabatake Y. The protective role of autophagy against aging and acute ischemic injury in kidney proximal tubular cells. Autophagy. 2011;7 (9):1085-7.
• 3. El-Maddawy ZKH. Hepato-renal protection of silymarin in comparison with vitamin E in rats. Global journal of pharmacology. 2012;6(3):236-244.
• 4. Kim SY, Moon A. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity and its biomarkers. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2012;20(3):268-272.
• 5. Rani A, Kumar A, Lal A, Pant M. Cellular mechanisms of cadmium-induced toxicity: a review. International journal of environmental health research. 2014;24 (4):378-99.
• 6. Satarug S, Baker JR, Urbenjapol S, Haswell-Elkins M, Reilly PE, Williams DJ. A global perspective on cadmium pollution and toxicity in non-occupationally exposed population. Toxicology Letters. 2003; 137 (1): 65-83.
• 7. Podgurskaya OV, Kavun VY, Lukyanova ON. Heavy Metal Accumulation and Distribution in Organs of the Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus from Upwelling Areas of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan. Russian Journal of Marine Biology. 2004;30(3):188-195.
• 8. Sen R, Baltimore D. Inducibility of kappa immunoglobulin enhancer-binding protein Nf-kappa B by a posttranslational mechanism. Cell. 1986;47(6):921-8.
• 9. Hayden MS, Ghosh S. NF-κB, the first quarter-century: remarkable progress and outstanding questions. Genes Dev. 2012;26(3):203-234.
• 10. Li MO, Wan YY, Sanjabi S, Robertson AK, Falvell RA. Transforming growth factor-beta regulation of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol. 2006;24: 99-146.
• 11. Moore MN, Icarus AJ, McVeigh A. Environmental prognostics: An integrated model supporting lysosomal stress responses as predictive biomarkers of animal health status. Marine Environmental Research. 2006;61:278–304.
• 12. Jonsson H, Schiedek D, Grosvik BE,Goksoyr A. Protein responses in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to organic pollutants: A combined CYPantibody/proteomic approach. Aquatic Toxicology. 2006;78:S49–S56.
• 13. Perugini M, Visciano P, Giammarino A, Manera M, Di Nardo W, Amorena M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine organisms from the Adriatic Sea, Italy. Chemosphere. 2007;66:1904–1910.
• 14. Auffret M, Rousseau S, Boutet I, Tanguy A, Baron J, Moraga D, et al. A multiparametric approach for monitoring immunotoxic responses in mussels from contaminated sites in Western Mediterranea. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2006;63:393–405.
• 15. Gorinstein S, Leontowicz M, Leontowicz H, et al. Influence of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from polluted and non-polluted areas on some atherosclerosis indices in rats fed cholesterol. Food Chem. 2008;111(2):381-386.
• 16. Demir N, Akkuş G. Çanakkale Boğazı (Kepez) Midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) Örneklerinde Ağır Metal ve Antioksidan Enzim Düzeylerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;5(4): 659-666.
• 17. Gezen MR, Çetin M. Çanakkale Boğazı’nın Umurbey Kıyısındaki Deniz suyu ve Bazı Yumuşakçalarda (Bivalvia ve Gastropoda) Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. In Ekoloji Sempozyumu, Özlem Matbaası: Düzce-Türkiye, 2011; pp 2-11.
• 18. Egemen Ö, Sunlu U. Çanakkale' de (Karacaören ve Kepez) toplanan midyelerde (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck) bazı ağır metal düzeylerinin araştırılması. Su Ürünleri Dergisi. 1997;14(1):189-196.
• 19. Gürpınar T, Ekerbiçer N, Uysal N, Barut T, Tarakçı F, Tuglu MI. The effects of the melatonin treatment on the oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetic eye and brain. TheScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:498489.
• 20. Numata M, Morinaga S, Watanabe T, Tamagawa H, Yamamoto N, Shiozawa M, et al. The clinical significance of SWI/SNF complex in pancreatic cancer. International journal of oncology. 2013; 42(2):403-10.
• 21. Öztürk Ş, Kılıçaslan Sönmez P, Özdemi̇r İ, Topdağı Y, Tuğlu M. Kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin deneysel Asherman modeli üzerine antiapoptotik ve proliferatif etkisi Cukurova Medical Journal. 2019;44:434-446.
• 22. Tidwell JH, Allan GL. Fish as food: aquaculture's contribution. Ecological and economic impacts and contributions of fish farming and capture fisheries. EMBO reports. 2001;2 (11):958-63.
• 23. Świacka K, Szaniawska A, Caban M. Evaluation of bioconcentration and metabolism of diclofenac in mussels Mytilus trossulus - laboratory study. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2019;141:249-255.
• 24. Tsarpali V, Goutas A, Karyda A, Efthimiou I, Antonopoulou M, Drosopoulou E, et al. The role of acetone in the [omim][BF4]-mediated adverse effects on tissues of mussels, human lymphocytes and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. J. Hazard Mater. 2017;333, 339–347.
• 25. Chandurvelan R, Marsden ID, Gaw S. Glover C. Field-to-laboratory transport protocol impacts subsequent physiological biomarker response in the marine mussel. Perna canaliculus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 2013;164A, 84–90.
• 26. Adewole1 SO, Salako AA, Doherty OW, Naicker T. Effect of melatonin on carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney injury in wistar rats. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2007;10: 153 – 164.
• 27. Kim SY, Moon A. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity and its biomarkers. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2012;20 (3):268-72.
• 28. Pfaller W, Gstraunthaler G. Nephrotoxicity testing in vitro- what we know and what we need to know. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1998;106 (2): 559-569.
• 29. Göksu MZ, Akar M, Çevik F, Fındık O. Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals (Cd, Fe, Zn, Cu) in Two Bivalvia Species. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2005;29:89-93.
• 30. Üstünad M, Erduğan H, Yılmaz S, Akgül R, Aysel V. Seasonal Concentrations Of Some Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Zn And Cu) İn Ulva Rigida J. Agardh (Chlorophyta) From Dardanelles (Çanakkale, Turkey). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2011;177, 337-342.
• 31. Özsoy E. The Sea of Marmara. In The Sea of Marmara, Özsoy E, N. Ç., Balkıs N, Balkıs N, Öztürk B, Ed. Turkish Marine Research Foundation (TUDAV): İstanbul- TURKEY, 2016;42.
• 32. Sánchez-Marín P, Durán R, Beiras R. In vivo oral bioavailability of Pb sequestered in metal rich granules in bivalves. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2019; 181:330-335.
• 33. Moore MN, Shaw JP, Pascoe C, Beesley A, Viarengo A, Lowe DM. Anti-oxidative hormetic effects of cellular autophagy induced by nutrient deprivation in a molluscan animal model. Marine Environmental Research. 2020;156:104903.
• 34. Kong X, Qiao D, Zhao X, et al. The molecular characterizations of Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD and its responses of mRNA expression and enzyme activity to Aeromonas hydrophila or lipopolysaccharide challenge in Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2017;67:429-440.
• 35. Chen C, Edelstein LC, Gelinas C. The Rel/NF-kappaB family directly activates expression of the apoptosis inhibitor Bcl-x(L). Mol Cell Biol. 2000;20:2687-95.
• 36. Muratli A, Gezen MR. Histopathological Changes In The Stomach Mucosa Of Rats Fed With Great Scallop (Pecten maximus). Journal Of Scientific Perspectives. 2018;2 (3):105-114.