Preadölesanlarda obeziteyi etkileyen faktörler: Kapadokya örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 46 Issue: 3, 1175 - 1183, 30.09.2021

Elif Tuba Koç , Zehra Çalışkan , Emine Erdem

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.920570

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma preadölesanlarda obeziteyi etkileyen risk faktörlerini belirlenmek amacıyla kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye’de Kapadokya Bölgesinde bulunan bir il merkezindeki 18 ortaokulda öğrenim gören 500 preadölesan (kız: 271, erkek: 229) ve onların ebeveyni oluşturmuştur. Veriler Anket Formu ile toplanmış, preadölesanların vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ve bel çevresi ölçülmüş, Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ), bel/boy oranı hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Ergenlerin %14.4’ünün obez, %11.4’ünün fazla kilolu, %35.2’sinin abdominal obez, bel/boy oranına göre %27’sinin metabolik ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklara yakalanma açısından riskli grupta olduğu belirlemiştir. Çoklu logistik regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, ailede obez birey varlığı (erkek), annenin eğitim düzeyi (kız), boş zaman aktiviteleri (kız), duygusal duruma göre yemek yeme artışı (kız) fazla kilolu/obez olmanın anlamlı yordayıcıları olarak saptanmıştır. Mevcut vücut ağırlığından memnuniyet ve annenin BKİ’si, her iki cinsiyet için de fazla kilolu/obezite ile ilişkilendirilen en güçlü değişken olarak belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin erken belirlenmesi ve önlenmesi için düzenli aralıklarla öğrencilerin boy kilo izleminin yapılması, riskli çocukların daha sık izlenmesi, dengeli ve düzenli beslenme ile fiziksel aktiviteye ilişkin ebeveyn ve öğrencilere eğitim ve danışmanlık verilmesi, okul- aile işbirliğinin sağlanması önerilebilir.

Keywords

preadölesan, obezite, obeziteyi etkileyen faktörler, okul sağlığı

Factors affecting obesity in preadolescents: the case of Cappadocia

Abstract

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the risk factors which affect obesity in preadolescents.
Materials and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 500 preadolescents (girls: n=271, boys: n=229) attended in 18 secondary schools in the Cappadocia region of Turkey, and their parents. Data were collected using a questionnaire, the body weight, height, and waist circumference of the preadolescents were measured; the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-height ratio were calculated.
Results: Of preadolescents; 14.4% were obese, 11.4% were overweight, 35.2% had abdominal obesity, and 27% had likehood of being at high metabolic and cardiovascular risk based on their waist/height ratio. According to the results of binary multiple logistic regression analysis (the backward stepwise procedure), the presence of an obese person in the family (boys), mother's educational level (girls), leisure time activities (girls), and an increase in eating according to mood (girls) were revealed as significant predictors of being overweight/obese, adjusted for age. Satisfied with current body weight and mother’s BMI were the strongest variable to be associated with overweight/obese for both genders.
Conclusion: For early diagnosis and prevention of obesity in childhood, it is recommended to perform height-weight monitoring of students regularly, monitor risky children more frequently, provide training and consultancy for students and parents regarding balanced diets and physical activity, and provide the school-family cooperation.

Keywords

preadolescent, obesity, effective factors, school health

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