Epilepsili bireylerde duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ve sosyal destek: depresyon düzeyi ile ilişkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 47 Issue: 3, 1315 - 1326, 30.09.2022

Bengü Altunan , Aysun Ünal

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1138971

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada epilepsili bireylerde depresyon düzeyi ile duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ve sosyal destek arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Fokal epilepsi tanısı ile takip edilmekte olan hastalara Nörolojik Bozukluklarda Depresyon Ölçeği-Epilepsi (NDDI-E), Duygu Düzenleme Güçlükleri Ölçeği (DDGÖ) ve İki Yönlü Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (2-YSDÖ) verilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 109 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların %25’inde depresyon saptanmıştır. Depresyonu olan olguların DDGÖ median değeri 45 (28-55), depresyon saptanmayan grubun ise 24 (18-33,5)’dür. Depresyonu olan grubun DDGÖ skorunun depresyonu olmayan gruba kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tüm çalışma popülasyonunda yapılan 2-YSDÖ (92 (69,5-102,5)) ve DDGÖ (27 (19-41)) skorlarının korelasyon analizinde sosyal destek ve duygu düzenleme güçlükleri arasında negatif bir ilişki mevcuttur. Regresyon analizine göre ise duygu düzenleme güçlükleri depresyonun ana belirleyicisidir ve depresyonu %16,8 oranında açıklamaktadır.
Sonuç: Epilepsili bireylerde duygu düzenleme güçlükleri depresyonun ana belirleyicilerinden biridir ve yetersiz sosyal destek duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ile ilişkilidir. Epilepsili bireylerde depresyon sıklığını azaltmak için duygu düzenleme stratejilerini güçlendirecek rehabilitasyon programlarına ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

Epilepsi, depresyon, duygu düzenleme güçlükleri, sosyal destek

Supporting Institution

yoktur

Difficulties in emotion and social support in people with epilepsy: relationship with depression levels

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between depression level, emotion regulation difficulties and social support in individuals with epilepsy.
Materials and Methods: Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory-Epilepsy (NDDI-E), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Two-Way Social Support Scale (2-WSSS) were filled out by the patients followed up with a diagnosis of focal epilepsy.
Results: One hundred nine patients were included in the study. Depression was found in 25% of the patients. The median DERS value of the patients with depression was 45 (28-55), and the group without depression was 24 (18-33.5). It was determined that the DERS score of the depressed group was significantly higher than the group without depression. There is a negative correlation between social support scale (92 (69.5-102.5)) and emotion regulation difficulties scale (27 (19-41)) in the correlation analysis of the entire study population. According to the regression analysis, difficulties in emotion regulation are the main determinant of depression and explain depression at a rate of 16.8%.
Conclusion: Emotion regulation difficulties are one of the main determinants of depression in individuals with epilepsy and inadequate social support is associated with emotion regulation difficulties. In order to reduce the frequency of depression in individuals with epilepsy, rehabilitation programs are needed to strengthen emotion regulation strategies.

Keywords

Epilepsy, depression, difficulties in emotion regulation, social support

References

• Lu E, Pyatka N, Burant CJ, Sajatovic M. Systematic Literature Review of Psychiatric Comorbidities in Adults with Epilepsy. J Clin Neurol. 2021;17(2):176-86.
• Scott AJ, Sharpe L, Hunt C, Gandy M. Anxiety and depressive disorders in people with epilepsy: A meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2017;58(6):973-82.
• Jones JE, Hermann BP, Barry JJ, Gilliam F, Kanner AM, Meador KJ. Clinical assessment of Axis I psychiatric morbidity in chronic epilepsy: a multicenter investigation. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005;17(2):172-9.
• Zhu XR, Zhu ZR, Wang LX, Zhao T, Han X. Prevalence and risk factors for depression and anxiety in adult patients with epilepsy: Caregivers' anxiety and place of residence do mater. Epilepsy Behav. 2022;129:108628.
• Lacey CJ, Salzberg MR, D'Souza WJ. Risk factors for depression in community-treated epilepsy: systematic review. Epilepsy Behav. 2015;43:1-7.
• Kanner AM. Can neurobiological pathogenic mechanisms of depression facilitate the development of seizure disorders? Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(12):1093-102.
• Kring AM, Sloan DM (editors). Emotion regulation and psychopathology: A transdiagnostic approach to etiology and treatment. New York: The Guilford Press, 2010, p. 13-37.
• Kraaij V, Garnefski N. The Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: Development, psychometric properties and relationships with emotional problems and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences. 2019;137,56-61.
• John OP, Gross JJ. Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. J Pers. 2004;72(6):1301-33.
• Keefe FJ, Porter LS, Labban J. Emotion regulation processes in disease-related pain: A couples-based perspective. In Emotion regulation incouples and families: Pathways to dysfunction and health (Eds DK Snyder, J Simpson, JN Hughes): p. 207–29. Washington DC, APA, 2006.
• Tombini M, Assenza G, Quintiliani L, Ricci L, Lanzone J, Ulivi M, et al. Depressive symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation in adult patients with epilepsy: Association with quality of life and stigma. Epilepsy Behav. 2020;107:107073.
• Demirci K, Demirci S, Taşkıran E, Kutluhan S. The effects of temperament and character traits on perceived social support and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2017;74:22-6.
• Sheeber L, Hops H, Davis B. Family Processes in Adolescent Depression. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2001;4:19–35.
• Walker ER, Bamps Y, Burdett A, Rothkopf J, Diiorio C. Social support for self-management behaviors among people with epilepsy: a content analysis of the WebEase program. Epilepsy Behav. 2012;23(3):285-90.
• Hills MD, Baker PG. Relationships among epilepsy, social stigma, self-esteem, and social support. J Epilepsy. 1992;5:231–8.
• Upton D. Social Support and Emotional Adjustment in People with Chronic Epilepsy, Journal of epilepsy. 1992;6(2):105-11.
• Gilliam FG, Barry JJ, Hermann BP, Meador KJ, Vahle V, Kanner AM. Rapid detection of major depression in epilepsy: a multicentre study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(5):399-405.
• Cengiz GF, Tanık N. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E). Epilepsy Behav. 2019;99:106471.
• Bjureberg J, Ljótsson B, Tull MT, Hedman E, Sahlin H, Lundh LG, et al. Development and validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: The DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2016;38(2):284–96.
• Yiğit İ, Yiğit MG. Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16). Curr Psychol. 2019;38:1503–11.
• Shakespeare-Finch J, Obst PL. The development of the 2-way social support scale: A measure of giving and receiving emotional and instrumental support. Journal of Personality Assessment. 2011;93(5):483–90.
• Semerci AB, Ekmekci ÖT. Social support as a predictor of quality of life: Turkish validation of two-way social support scale. Psychology, Health & Medicine. 2020;25(1):13-24.
• Kökönyei G, Urbán R, Reinhardt M, Józan A, Demetrovics Z. The difficulties in emotion regulation scale: factor structure in chronic pain patients. J Clin Psychol. 2014;70(6):589-600.
• Cooper CL, Phillips LH, Johnston M, Whyte M, MacLeod MJ. The role of emotion regulation on social participation following stroke. Br J Clin Psychol. 2015;54(2):181-99.
• Côté S, Gyurak A, Levenson RW. The ability to regulate emotion is associated with greater well-being, income, and socioeconomic status. Emotion. 2010;10(6):923–33.
• Tombini M, Assenza G, Quintiliani L, Ricci L, Lanzone J, Di Lazzaro V. Alexithymia and emotion dysregulation in adult patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2020;113:107537.
• Aldao A, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Schweizer S. Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2010;30(2):217-37.
• Sloan E, Hall K, Moulding R, Bryce S, Mildred H, Staiger PK. Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic treatment construct across anxiety, depression, substance, eating and borderline personality disorders: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017;57:141-63.
• Tong X, Chen J, Park SP, Wang X, Wang C, Su M, et al. Social support for people with epilepsy in China. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;64:224-32.
• Myers L, Lancman M, Laban-Grant O, Lancman M, Jones J. Socialization characteristics in persons with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2017;72:99-107.
• Akçalı A, Altındağ A, Geyik S, Cansel N. Quality of life, depression, anxiety and multidimensional perceived social support in patients with epilepsy. Archives of Neuropsychiatry. 2009;46 (3):91-7.
• Wang YH, Haslam M, Yu M, Ding J, Lu Q, Pan F. Family functioning, marital quality and social support in Chinese patients with epilepsy. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2015;13:10.
• Batchelor R, Taylor MD. Young adults with epilepsy: Relationships between psychosocial variables and anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;118:107911.
• Roberts JI, Patten SB, Wiebe S, Hemmelgarn BR, Pringsheim T, Jetté N. Health-related behaviors and comorbidities in people with epilepsy: Changes in the past decade. Epilepsia. 2015;56(12):1973-81.
• Lee SA, Lee SM, No YJ. Factors contributing to depression in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010;51(7):1305-8.
• Lacey CJ, Salzberg MR, D'Souza WJ. What factors contribute to the risk of depression in epilepsy? Tasmanian Epilepsy Register Mood Study (TERMS). Epilepsia. 2016;57(3):516-22.
• Wang HJ, Tan G, Deng Y, He J, He YJ, Zhou D, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety among patients with convulsive epilepsy in rural West China. Acta Neurol Scand. 2018;138(6):541-7.
• Engidaw NA, Bacha L, Kenea A. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among epileptic patients at Ilu Ababore zone hospitals, South West Ethiopia, 2017: a cross sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2020;19:19.