COVID-19 enfeksiyonu ile ABO ve Rh kan grubu sistemlerinin ilişkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 47 Issue: 4, 1485 - 1491, 28.12.2022

Tuba Damar Çakırca Tayibe Bal

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1134928

Abstract

Amaç: Bu yazıda COVID-19 enfeksiyonu ile ABO ve Rh kan grupları arasında ilişki olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında Nisan 2020-Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında SARS-CoV-2 RNA testi pozitif saptanmış 1360 hasta ile Mart 2020 tarihinden önce kan grubu tayini yapılmış 80219 sağlıklı kontrolün verisi kullanıldı. Hastalar hastalık şiddetine göre hafif, orta, ağır ve kritik olarak sınıflandırıldı.
Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grubu yaş ve cinsiyet açısından vaka-kontrol eşleştirmesi yapılarak 1360 hasta ve 1161 kontrol analizlere dahil edildi. Hastaların %42.1 (n=572)’i hafif, %41.5 (n=564)’i orta, %13.8 (n=187)’i ağır, %2.7 (n=37)’si ise kritik seyirliydi. A kan grubuna sahip olguların diğer kan gruplarına sahip olgulara göre COVID-19 enfeksiyonu gelişimi açısından 1.33 kat (OR: 1.33, %95Cl: 1.12-1.56) daha riskli olduğu görüldü. ABO ve Rh kan grupları ile COVID-19 hastalığının ağır-kritik geçirilmesi, yoğun bakım ihtiyacı ve mortalitesi arasında ilişki saptanmadı. Ancak hastalar hafif ve hafif olmayan (orta, ağır, kritik) olarak iki gruba ayrıldığında; hafif olmayan olguların hafif olgulara göre O ve B kan grubuna sahip olma sıklıkları anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla (%53.3 ve %46.7), (%64.5 ve %35.5).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda A kan grubu COVID-19 enfeksiyonu gelişimi açısından riskli olarak bulunurken, Rh kan grupları ile hastalığa yatkınlık arasında ilişki saptanmadı. Ek olarak hastalığı hafif geçirmeyen olgularda O ve B kan grubu oranı daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Keywords

COVID-19, AB0 kan grubu, Rh kan grubu, ABO blood group, Rh blood group

Relationship between COVID-19 infection and ABO and Rh blood group systems

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between COVID-19 infection and ABO and Rh blood groups.
Materials and Methods: 1360 patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA test between April 2020 and March 2022 and 80219 healthy controls whose blood groups were determined before March 2020 were included in this study. Patients were classified according to disease severity as mild, moderate, severe and critical.
Results: Patient and control groups were matched in terms of age and gender using case-control matched method. 1360 patients and 1161 controls were included in the analysis. Of the patients, 42.1% (n=572) had mild, 41.5% (n=564) moderate, 13.8% (n=187) severe and 2.7% (n=37) critical course of infection. It was observed that patients with blood group A were 1.33 times more at risk (OR: 1.33, 95%Cl: 1.12-1.56) for the development of COVID-19 infection compared to patients with other blood groups. No relationship was found between ABO and Rh blood groups and severe-critical COVID-19 disease, need for intensive care and mortality. However, when patients are divided into two groups as mild and non-mild (moderate, severe, critical); the frequency of having O and B blood groups was found to be significantly higher in non-mild cases than in mild cases ( (53.3% and 46.7%), (64.5% and 35.5%, respectively).
Conclusion: In our study, while A blood group was found to be at risk for the development of COVID-19 infection, no relationship was found between Rh blood groups and susceptibility to the disease. In addition, the rate of O and B blood groups was found to be higher in patients who did not have mild disease.

Keywords

ABO blood group, Rh blood group, COVID-19, ABO blood group, Rh blood group

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