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Investigation of the relationship between hallux valgus, quadriceps angle, and body image perception in young adults

Year 2024, Volume: 49 Issue: 3, 673 - 687, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1487103

Abstract

Purpose: Our study aimed to identify the presence and severity of hallux valgus deformity in young adults, using both by the Manchester classification and goniometry, to evaluate the Quadriceps angle (Q angle), and to examine the relationship between some anatomical parameters and body image perception.
Materials and Methods: A total of 158 individuals aged 18-30 (111 females, 47 males) who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study were included. Demographic characteristics, Quadriceps angle, and hallux valgus angle were measured. Hallux valgus and Quadriceps angles were determined using a goniometer, while the Manchester scale was employed to evaluate the level of Hallux valgus deformity. The Golden Ratio for the lower extremity was calculated by taking the ratio of lower extremity length to leg length, and the body image perception score was determined.
Results: Body weight, height and body mass index showed statistically significant differences in terms of gender, while age parameter did not show statistically significant difference between genders. Also, no significant difference in Quadriceps angle was observed between genders for both right and left sides, while a significant difference in Hallux valgus angle was noted. A high, positive, and significant relationship was found between Manchester classification and hallux valgus, while Golden ratio values did not significantly differ by gender. Additionally, body image perception scores were higher in males (162.60±25.45 points) than in females (153.51±25.89 points).
Conclusion: Deviations from their normal values of the hallux valgus and quadriceps angle which affect the musculoskeletal system, may lead to some health problems, as well as difficulties in performing daily life activities, and concerns about aesthetics. Failure to fulfil one’s normal functions or not to find oneself aesthetically insufficient will also make it likely that the body image perception will deteriorate.

References

  • Snell RS. Clinical Anatomy. 6th ed. İstanbul, Nobel Medicine Press, 1998.
  • Wang WJCR. Analysis of the human and ape foot during bipedal standing with implications for the evolution of the foot. Clin Biomech. 2004;37:1831-6.
  • Alsancak S. Ortez. 2nd ed. Ankara, Hatiboğlu Yayınları, 2015.
  • Standring S, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy. 40th ed. Ankara, Nobel Medicine Press, 2008.
  • MacGregor R, Byerly DW. Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb: foot bones. 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL), StatPearls Publishing, 2024.
  • Stolt M, Suhonen R, Virolainen P, Leino-Kilpi H. Lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders in nurses: A narrative literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2016;44:106-15.
  • Reed LF, Battistutta D, Young J, Newman B. Prevalence and risk factors for foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders experienced by nurses. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:196.
  • Stolt M, Suhonen R, Kielo E. Foot health of nurses a cross sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract. 2017;23:e12560.
  • Lee EN, Kim NG, Kim SH. Foot health condition and related characteristics of nurses. Journal of muscle and joint health. 2020;27:289-97.
  • Cavalheiro CS, Arcuri MH, Guil VR, Gali JC. Hallux valgus anatomical alterations and its correlation with the radiographic findings. Acta Ortop Bras. 2020;28:12-5.
  • Talu B. Halluks valgus deformitesi olan kadınlarda yürüme ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, 2010.
  • Sungur İ, Kural C, Yılmaz M, Ertürk H. Hallux valgus. Med Bull Haseki. 2006;44:1-9.
  • Roukis TS, Landsman AS. Hypermobility of the first ray: A critical review of the literature. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42:377-90.
  • Srivastava S, Chockalingam N, El Fakhri T. Radiographic angles in hallux valgus: comparison between manual and computer-assisted measurements. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2010;49:523-8.
  • Yokozuka M, Okazaki K, Sakamoto Y, Takahashi K. Correlation between functional ability, toe flexor strength, and plantar pressure of hallux valgus in young female adults: A cross-sectional study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2020;13:44.
  • Saylan E, Soyyiğit V. Body image among adolescents: what is its relationship with rejection sensitivity and self-efficacy? Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2024;29:479-92.
  • Kundakçı AH. Üniversite öğrencilerinin yeme tutumları, benlik algısı, vücut algısı ve stres belirtileri açısından karşılaştırılması (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi. 2005.
  • Hastürk EY. Antropometrik verilerde altın oran. Mesleki Bilimler Dergisi. 2014;3:173-7.
  • Abacı YA, Kürkçüoğlu A, Şençelikel T. Genç erişkin bireylerde vücutta altın oran değerlendirmesi. Antropoloji. 2020;40:92-104.
  • Seçkin F, Bülbül M. İnsan anatomisinde altın oranlama ve sanat eserlerindeki karşılaştırmalı analizi. Temel Eğitim Dergisi. 2020;2:6-20.
  • İmre E. Altın oranın güzellik algısına etkisi (Doktora Tezi). Edirne, Trakya Üniversitesi, 2022.
  • Garrow AP, Papageorgiou A, Silman AJ, Thomas E, Jayson MI, Macfarlane GJ. The grading of hallux valgus: The Manchester Scale. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2001;91:74-8.
  • Menzildzic S, Chaudhry N, Petryschuk C. Using manchester scale classification of hallux valgus as a valuable tool in determining appropriate risk categorization during initial diabetic foot screening in primary health care settings. Foot (Edinb). 2021;47:101810.
  • Livingston LA. The quadriceps angle: a review of the literature. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28:105-9.
  • Ünver G, Eroğlu H. Evaluatıon of q angle, lower extremity flexibility and muscle shortness in wrestlers. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2023;34:227-34.
  • Levangie PK, Norkin CC, Lewek MD. Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. Philadelphia, FA Davis Company, 2019.
  • Sharma R, Vaibhav V, Meshram R, Singh B, Khorwal G. A systematic review on quadriceps angle in relation to knee abnormalities. Cureus. 2023;15:e34355.
  • Arifoğlu Y. Her Yönüyle Anatomi. 2nd ed. İstanbul, İstanbul Medicine Press, 2019.
  • Otman SA, Köse N. Tedavi Hareketlerinde Temel Değerlendirme Prensipleri. Ankara, Pelikan, 2019.
  • Hovardaoğlu S. Vücut Algısı Ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji (3p) Dergisi. 1993;1:26.
  • Kalaycı Ş. SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 6th ed. İstanbul, Asil Yayıncılık. 2014.
  • Raveendranath V, Nachiket S, Sujatha N, Priya R, Rema D. The Quadriceps angle (Q angle) in Indian men and women. Eur J Anat. 2009;13:105-9.
  • Saç A. Q açısının diz izokinetik kas kuvveti ile kas aktivasyonuna etkisi (Doktora tezi). Samsun, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi. 2016.
  • Brattström H. Shape of the intercondylar groove normally and in recurrent dislocation of patella: a clinical and x-ray anatomical investigation. Acta Orthop Scand suppl. 1964;35:1-148
  • Insall J, Falvo KA, Wise DW. Chondromalacia Patellae. A prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976;58:1-8.
  • Grelsamer RP, Dubey A, Weinstein CH. Men and women have similar Q angles: a clinical and trigonometric evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87:1498-501.
  • Raizada A, Shruthy KM, Takiar R, Bhuvanesh S. Changes in quadriceps angle (q-angle) with regard to gender and different anthropometric parameters. Int J Anat Res. 2019;7:6756-61.
  • Woodland LH, Francis RS. Parameters and comparisons of the quadriceps angle of college-aged men and women in the supine and standing positions. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:208-11.
  • Shultz SJ, Nguyen AD, Windley TC, Kulas AS, Botic TL, Beynnon BD. Intratester and intertester reliability of clinical measures of lower extremity anatomic characteristics: implications for multicenter studies. Clin J Sport Med. 2006;16:155-61.
  • Guerra JP, Arnold MJ, Gajdosik RL. Q angle: effects of isometric quadriceps contraction and body position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19:200-4.
  • Ebeye O, Abade P, Okwoka B. Influence of gender on quadriceps (Q) angle among adult Urhobos in Nigeria population. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy. 2014;13:50-3.
  • Kayatekin AZY. 18-25 yaş arası genç erişkinlerde quadriceps açısının (Q açısı) yürüme paternine etkisi (Uzmanlık tezi). Edirne, Trakya Üniversitesi. 2018.
  • Çetiner KA. Puberte dönemindeki sağlıklı bireylerde musculus quadriceps femoris açısı Q açısı değerinin yaş, cinsiyet, ağırlık, boy, pozisyon ve taraflara göre değerlendirilmesi (Uzmanlık Tezi). İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi. 2001.
  • Yılmaz E. Adölesan erkek ve bayan Alp Disiplini kayakçılarının diz eklem kıkırdak kalınlığı ve Q açısının incelenmesi (Doktora tezi). Çorum, Hitit Üniversitesi. 2017.
  • Kwon HC. Factors related to Q angle in healthy adults. Physical Therapy Korea. 1999;6:1-14.
  • Smith TO, Hunt NJ, Donell ST. The reliability and validity of the Q-angle: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2008;16:1068-79.
  • Kumar M, Arya P. Relationship between pelvic inclination and quadriceps angle in middle aged obese individuals. Indian Journal of Physical Therapy and Research. 2023;5:102-5.
  • Olaniyan AS, Sanya AO, Gbiri CA. Anthropometric correlates of the quadriceps angle among young adult Nigerians. Journal of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy. 2012;20:36-3.
  • Lan TY, Lin WP, Jiang CC, Chiang H. Immediate effect and predictors of effectiveness of taping for patellofemoral pain syndrome: a prospective cohort study. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38:1626-30.
  • Coughlin MJ, Mann RA. Surgery of the foot and ankle. 7th ed. Missouri, Mosby. 1999.
  • Ferrari J, Malone-Lee J. A radiographic study of the relationship between metatarsus adductus and hallux valgus. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42:9-14.
  • Nery CA. Hálux valgo. Rev Bras Ortop. 2001;36:183-17.
  • Şaylı U, Altunok EÇ, Güven M, Akman B, Biros J, Şaylı A. Prevalence estimation and familial tendency of common forefoot deformities in Turkey: a survey of 2662 adults. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2018;52:167-73.
  • Nix S, Smith M, Vicenzino B. Prevalence of hallux valgus in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Foot Ankle Res. 2010;3:21.
  • Ekwere EO, Usman YM, Danladi A. Prevalence of hallux valgus among medical students of the University of Jos. Ann Bioanthropol. 2016;4:30-3.
  • Nguyen US, Hillstrom HJ, Li W, Dufour AB, Kiel DP, Procter-Gray E et al. Factors associated with hallux valgus in a population-based study of older women and men: the MOBILIZE Boston Study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010;18:41-5.
  • Cho NH, Kim S, Kwon DJ, Kim HA. The prevalence of hallux valgus and its association with foot pain and function in a rural Korean community. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009;91:494-8.
  • Frey C, Zamora J. The effect of obesity on orthopaedic foot and ankle pathology. Foot Ankle Int. 2007;28:996-9.
  • Menz HB, Munteanu SE. Radiographic validation of the Manchester scale for the classification of hallux valgus deformity. Rheumatology. 2005;44:1061-6.
  • Menz HB, Fotoohabadi MR, Wee E, Spink MJ. Validity of self-assessment of hallux valgus using the Manchester scale. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:215.
  • Cotchett MP, Whittaker G, Erbas B. Psychological variables associated with foot function and foot pain in patients with plantar heel pain. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34:957-64.
  • Matsumoto T, Higuchi J, Maenohara Y, Chang SH, Iidaka T, Horii C et al. The discrepancy between radiographically-assessed and self-recognized hallux valgus in a large population-based cohort. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:31.
  • Kılıçoğlu Ö. Ayak başparmağının hastalıkları: Halluks valgus ve halluks rigidus. Totbid Dergisi. 2013;12:390-16.
  • Manimala S, Kumar CR. Envisaging torso and foot features of human body using topinard’s canon system. best: ınternational journal of management, information technology and engineering. 2014;2:91-5

Genç yetişkinlerde hallux valgus, quadriseps açısı ve beden imge algısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 49 Issue: 3, 673 - 687, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1487103

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda genç yetişkinlerde hallux valgus deformitesinin varlığını ve şiddetini hem Manchester sınıflaması hem de gonyometre kullanılarak belirlemek, Quadriceps açısını (Q açısı) değerlendirmek ve bazı anatomik parametreler ile beden imge algısı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 18-30 yaş arası 158 kişi (111 kadın, 47 erkek) dahil edildi. Demografik özellikler, quadriceps ve halluks valgus açıları ölçüldü. Ayrıca, hallux valgus ve quadriceps açısı gonyometre kullanılarak belirlenirken, hallux valgus deformite seviyesini değerlendirmek amacıyla aynı zamanda Manchester skalası kullanıldı. Alt ekstremite uzunluğunun bacak uzunluğuna oranı alınarak alt ekstremite için Altın Oran hesaplandı ve beden imge algısı skoru belirlendi.
Bulgular: Vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ve beden kitle indeksi cinsiyet açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık gösterirken, yaş parametresi cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Ayrıca, sağ ve sol tarafta quadriceps açısında cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmazken, hallux valgus açısı cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Manchester sınıflandırması ile hallux valgus arasında yüksek, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunurken, Altın oran değerleri cinsiyet açısından anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Ayrıca, beden imge algısı skorunun erkeklerde (162,60±25,45 puan) kadınlardan (153,51±25,89 puan) daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Kas iskelet sistemini etkileyen halluks valgus ve quadriceps açısının normal kabul edilen değerinden sapma göstermesi bazı sağlık problemini beraberinde getirmesinin yanısıra kişinin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini gerçekleştirmede zorluk ve bazı estetik kaygıların yaşanmasına neden olacaktır. Kişinin normal fonksiyonlarını yerine getirememesi veya estetik açıdan kendini yeterli bulmaması da beden imge algısının bozulmasını muhtemel hale getirecektir.

References

  • Snell RS. Clinical Anatomy. 6th ed. İstanbul, Nobel Medicine Press, 1998.
  • Wang WJCR. Analysis of the human and ape foot during bipedal standing with implications for the evolution of the foot. Clin Biomech. 2004;37:1831-6.
  • Alsancak S. Ortez. 2nd ed. Ankara, Hatiboğlu Yayınları, 2015.
  • Standring S, Gray H. Gray’s Anatomy. 40th ed. Ankara, Nobel Medicine Press, 2008.
  • MacGregor R, Byerly DW. Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb: foot bones. 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL), StatPearls Publishing, 2024.
  • Stolt M, Suhonen R, Virolainen P, Leino-Kilpi H. Lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders in nurses: A narrative literature review. Scand J Public Health. 2016;44:106-15.
  • Reed LF, Battistutta D, Young J, Newman B. Prevalence and risk factors for foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders experienced by nurses. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:196.
  • Stolt M, Suhonen R, Kielo E. Foot health of nurses a cross sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract. 2017;23:e12560.
  • Lee EN, Kim NG, Kim SH. Foot health condition and related characteristics of nurses. Journal of muscle and joint health. 2020;27:289-97.
  • Cavalheiro CS, Arcuri MH, Guil VR, Gali JC. Hallux valgus anatomical alterations and its correlation with the radiographic findings. Acta Ortop Bras. 2020;28:12-5.
  • Talu B. Halluks valgus deformitesi olan kadınlarda yürüme ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, 2010.
  • Sungur İ, Kural C, Yılmaz M, Ertürk H. Hallux valgus. Med Bull Haseki. 2006;44:1-9.
  • Roukis TS, Landsman AS. Hypermobility of the first ray: A critical review of the literature. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42:377-90.
  • Srivastava S, Chockalingam N, El Fakhri T. Radiographic angles in hallux valgus: comparison between manual and computer-assisted measurements. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2010;49:523-8.
  • Yokozuka M, Okazaki K, Sakamoto Y, Takahashi K. Correlation between functional ability, toe flexor strength, and plantar pressure of hallux valgus in young female adults: A cross-sectional study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2020;13:44.
  • Saylan E, Soyyiğit V. Body image among adolescents: what is its relationship with rejection sensitivity and self-efficacy? Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2024;29:479-92.
  • Kundakçı AH. Üniversite öğrencilerinin yeme tutumları, benlik algısı, vücut algısı ve stres belirtileri açısından karşılaştırılması (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi. 2005.
  • Hastürk EY. Antropometrik verilerde altın oran. Mesleki Bilimler Dergisi. 2014;3:173-7.
  • Abacı YA, Kürkçüoğlu A, Şençelikel T. Genç erişkin bireylerde vücutta altın oran değerlendirmesi. Antropoloji. 2020;40:92-104.
  • Seçkin F, Bülbül M. İnsan anatomisinde altın oranlama ve sanat eserlerindeki karşılaştırmalı analizi. Temel Eğitim Dergisi. 2020;2:6-20.
  • İmre E. Altın oranın güzellik algısına etkisi (Doktora Tezi). Edirne, Trakya Üniversitesi, 2022.
  • Garrow AP, Papageorgiou A, Silman AJ, Thomas E, Jayson MI, Macfarlane GJ. The grading of hallux valgus: The Manchester Scale. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2001;91:74-8.
  • Menzildzic S, Chaudhry N, Petryschuk C. Using manchester scale classification of hallux valgus as a valuable tool in determining appropriate risk categorization during initial diabetic foot screening in primary health care settings. Foot (Edinb). 2021;47:101810.
  • Livingston LA. The quadriceps angle: a review of the literature. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28:105-9.
  • Ünver G, Eroğlu H. Evaluatıon of q angle, lower extremity flexibility and muscle shortness in wrestlers. Turk J Physiother Rehabil. 2023;34:227-34.
  • Levangie PK, Norkin CC, Lewek MD. Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. Philadelphia, FA Davis Company, 2019.
  • Sharma R, Vaibhav V, Meshram R, Singh B, Khorwal G. A systematic review on quadriceps angle in relation to knee abnormalities. Cureus. 2023;15:e34355.
  • Arifoğlu Y. Her Yönüyle Anatomi. 2nd ed. İstanbul, İstanbul Medicine Press, 2019.
  • Otman SA, Köse N. Tedavi Hareketlerinde Temel Değerlendirme Prensipleri. Ankara, Pelikan, 2019.
  • Hovardaoğlu S. Vücut Algısı Ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji (3p) Dergisi. 1993;1:26.
  • Kalaycı Ş. SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. 6th ed. İstanbul, Asil Yayıncılık. 2014.
  • Raveendranath V, Nachiket S, Sujatha N, Priya R, Rema D. The Quadriceps angle (Q angle) in Indian men and women. Eur J Anat. 2009;13:105-9.
  • Saç A. Q açısının diz izokinetik kas kuvveti ile kas aktivasyonuna etkisi (Doktora tezi). Samsun, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi. 2016.
  • Brattström H. Shape of the intercondylar groove normally and in recurrent dislocation of patella: a clinical and x-ray anatomical investigation. Acta Orthop Scand suppl. 1964;35:1-148
  • Insall J, Falvo KA, Wise DW. Chondromalacia Patellae. A prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976;58:1-8.
  • Grelsamer RP, Dubey A, Weinstein CH. Men and women have similar Q angles: a clinical and trigonometric evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87:1498-501.
  • Raizada A, Shruthy KM, Takiar R, Bhuvanesh S. Changes in quadriceps angle (q-angle) with regard to gender and different anthropometric parameters. Int J Anat Res. 2019;7:6756-61.
  • Woodland LH, Francis RS. Parameters and comparisons of the quadriceps angle of college-aged men and women in the supine and standing positions. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:208-11.
  • Shultz SJ, Nguyen AD, Windley TC, Kulas AS, Botic TL, Beynnon BD. Intratester and intertester reliability of clinical measures of lower extremity anatomic characteristics: implications for multicenter studies. Clin J Sport Med. 2006;16:155-61.
  • Guerra JP, Arnold MJ, Gajdosik RL. Q angle: effects of isometric quadriceps contraction and body position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19:200-4.
  • Ebeye O, Abade P, Okwoka B. Influence of gender on quadriceps (Q) angle among adult Urhobos in Nigeria population. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy. 2014;13:50-3.
  • Kayatekin AZY. 18-25 yaş arası genç erişkinlerde quadriceps açısının (Q açısı) yürüme paternine etkisi (Uzmanlık tezi). Edirne, Trakya Üniversitesi. 2018.
  • Çetiner KA. Puberte dönemindeki sağlıklı bireylerde musculus quadriceps femoris açısı Q açısı değerinin yaş, cinsiyet, ağırlık, boy, pozisyon ve taraflara göre değerlendirilmesi (Uzmanlık Tezi). İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi. 2001.
  • Yılmaz E. Adölesan erkek ve bayan Alp Disiplini kayakçılarının diz eklem kıkırdak kalınlığı ve Q açısının incelenmesi (Doktora tezi). Çorum, Hitit Üniversitesi. 2017.
  • Kwon HC. Factors related to Q angle in healthy adults. Physical Therapy Korea. 1999;6:1-14.
  • Smith TO, Hunt NJ, Donell ST. The reliability and validity of the Q-angle: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2008;16:1068-79.
  • Kumar M, Arya P. Relationship between pelvic inclination and quadriceps angle in middle aged obese individuals. Indian Journal of Physical Therapy and Research. 2023;5:102-5.
  • Olaniyan AS, Sanya AO, Gbiri CA. Anthropometric correlates of the quadriceps angle among young adult Nigerians. Journal of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy. 2012;20:36-3.
  • Lan TY, Lin WP, Jiang CC, Chiang H. Immediate effect and predictors of effectiveness of taping for patellofemoral pain syndrome: a prospective cohort study. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38:1626-30.
  • Coughlin MJ, Mann RA. Surgery of the foot and ankle. 7th ed. Missouri, Mosby. 1999.
  • Ferrari J, Malone-Lee J. A radiographic study of the relationship between metatarsus adductus and hallux valgus. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42:9-14.
  • Nery CA. Hálux valgo. Rev Bras Ortop. 2001;36:183-17.
  • Şaylı U, Altunok EÇ, Güven M, Akman B, Biros J, Şaylı A. Prevalence estimation and familial tendency of common forefoot deformities in Turkey: a survey of 2662 adults. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2018;52:167-73.
  • Nix S, Smith M, Vicenzino B. Prevalence of hallux valgus in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Foot Ankle Res. 2010;3:21.
  • Ekwere EO, Usman YM, Danladi A. Prevalence of hallux valgus among medical students of the University of Jos. Ann Bioanthropol. 2016;4:30-3.
  • Nguyen US, Hillstrom HJ, Li W, Dufour AB, Kiel DP, Procter-Gray E et al. Factors associated with hallux valgus in a population-based study of older women and men: the MOBILIZE Boston Study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010;18:41-5.
  • Cho NH, Kim S, Kwon DJ, Kim HA. The prevalence of hallux valgus and its association with foot pain and function in a rural Korean community. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009;91:494-8.
  • Frey C, Zamora J. The effect of obesity on orthopaedic foot and ankle pathology. Foot Ankle Int. 2007;28:996-9.
  • Menz HB, Munteanu SE. Radiographic validation of the Manchester scale for the classification of hallux valgus deformity. Rheumatology. 2005;44:1061-6.
  • Menz HB, Fotoohabadi MR, Wee E, Spink MJ. Validity of self-assessment of hallux valgus using the Manchester scale. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:215.
  • Cotchett MP, Whittaker G, Erbas B. Psychological variables associated with foot function and foot pain in patients with plantar heel pain. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34:957-64.
  • Matsumoto T, Higuchi J, Maenohara Y, Chang SH, Iidaka T, Horii C et al. The discrepancy between radiographically-assessed and self-recognized hallux valgus in a large population-based cohort. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:31.
  • Kılıçoğlu Ö. Ayak başparmağının hastalıkları: Halluks valgus ve halluks rigidus. Totbid Dergisi. 2013;12:390-16.
  • Manimala S, Kumar CR. Envisaging torso and foot features of human body using topinard’s canon system. best: ınternational journal of management, information technology and engineering. 2014;2:91-5
There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research
Authors

Ezcan Tutuş 0000-0002-7958-5245

Sema Özandaç Polat 0000-0001-7330-4919

Emir İbrahim Işık 0000-0002-8219-6013

Pınar Göker 0000-0002-0015-3010

Publication Date September 30, 2024
Submission Date May 20, 2024
Acceptance Date August 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 49 Issue: 3

Cite

MLA Tutuş, Ezcan et al. “Investigation of the Relationship Between Hallux Valgus, Quadriceps Angle, and Body Image Perception in Young Adults”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 49, no. 3, 2024, pp. 673-87, doi:10.17826/cumj.1487103.