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Year 2014, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 11 - 35, 05.11.2014

Cafer Yeşilkanat , Yaşar Kobya Halim Taşkın Uğur Çevik

Abstract

This study figures out the estimated values of total beta and alpha activities for non-sampled points in the study area of natural spring water in Artvin province by using geostatistical prediction methods (ordinary kriging and universal kriging). Water samples were taken from 102 stations which describes the study area and randomly chosen 50% of the samples (51) were used for the modelling and the other 50% were used for the validation test at the end of the model. The maximum measurement values were found to be 0.771 Bq/L and 0.808 Bq/L and minimum values were 0.005 Bq/L and 0.013 Bq/L, respectively. In addition, both gross alpha and gross beta distributions were specified by using simulation method (conditional gauss simulation). With the help of acquired data from prediction and simulation, descriptive maps were drawn for gross alpha and gross beta activities. Comparing simulation and prediction maps, it is specified that gross alpha and gross beta distribution in water was represented efficiently. At the end of the study, it was seen that universal kriging method was better than ordinary kriging method for interpolated estimation value

Keywords

Gross Alpha Gross beta Geostatistic Artvin Natural spring water

References

  • Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Yeşilkanat CM, et al. (2014) Natural and artificial radioactivity assessment of dam lakes sediments in Çoruh River, Turkey. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. doi: 10.1007/s10967-014-3420-7
  • Karahan G, Öztürk N, Bayülken A (2000) Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in İstanbul, Turkey. Water Research 34:4367–4370.
  • Taskin H, Kam E, Bozkurt A (2012) Determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in drinking waters in Bursa region of north-western Turkey. Desalination and Water Treatment 45:21–25. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2012.691956
  • Celik N, Cevik U, Celik a, Koz B (2009) Natural and artificial radioactivity measurements in Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Journal of hazardous materials 162:146–53. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.017
  • Cevik U, Damla N, Karahan G, et al. (2006) Natural radioactivity in tap waters of Eastern Black Sea region 10.1093/rpd/nci325
  • of Turkey. Radiation protection dosimetry 118:88–92. doi: 6. Kurnaz a, Kucukomeroglu B, Damla N, Cevik U (2011) Radiological maps for Trabzon, Turkey. Journal of environmental radioactivity 102:393–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.02.009
  • Degerlier M, Karahan G (2010) Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in Adana, Turkey. Desalination 261:126–130. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.05.020
  • Dueñas C, Fernández MC, Gordo E, et al. (2011) Gross alpha, gross beta activities and gamma emitting radionuclides composition of rainwater samples and deposition to ground. Atmospheric Environment 45:1015–1024. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.045
  • Hannan MA, Nguyen N, Rivas M (2013) Natural radioactivity and its gamma dose rate in Mission ( Texas ) soils. 729–736. doi: 10.1007/s10967-012-1840-9
  • Navarrete JM, Martínez T, Cabrera L (2007) Comparative study between radioactive contamination in powder milk by Chernobyl accident (137Cs) and natural radioactivity (40K). Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 272:277–279. doi: 10.1007/s10967-007- 0515-4
  • Turhan S, Özçıtak E, Taşkın H, Varinlioğlu A (2013) Determination of natural radioactivity by gross alpha and beta measurements in ground water samples. Water Research 47:3103–3108. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.030
  • Görür FK, Keser R, Dizman S, Okumuşoğlu NT (2011) Annual effective dose and concentration levels of gross α and β in various waters from Samsun, Turkey. Desalination 279:135–139. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.071
  • Degerlier M, Karahan G, Ozger G (2008) Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey. Journal of environmental radioactivity 99:1018–25. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.12.015
  • Statistic Department of Turkey (2014) http://www.webcitation.org/6NPUa8fse. Available date: 08.09.2014
  • O’Brien K, Friedberg W, Sauer HH, Smart DF (1996) Atmospheric cosmic rays and solar energetic particles at aircraft altitudes. Environment international 22:9–44.
  • Mishev AL, Hristova E (2012) Recent gamma background measurements at high mountain altitude. Journal of environmental radioactivity 113:77–82. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.04.017
  • Kobya Y, Damla N, Cevik U, et al. (2010) Radiological characterization of natural spring waters in the Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey. Environ Forensics 11:187–192.
  • Clark I (1979) Practical Geostatistics, First Edit. 119.
  • Diggle P, Riberio P j. (2007) Model-Based Geostatistics, First edit. 228.
  • Webster R, Oliver MA (2007) Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists, second ed. 330.
  • Boogaart KG Van Den, Schaeben H (2002) Kriging of Regionalized Directions , Axes , and Orientations I . Directions and Axes. Mathematical Geology 34:479–503.
  • McGrath D, Zhang C, Carton OT (2004) Geostatistical analyses and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland. Environmental Pollution 127:239–248. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.07.002
  • Krige DG (1966) Two-dimensional weighted moving average trend surfaces for ore- evaluation. J South Afr Inst Min Metall 66:13–38.
  • Li C, Lu Z, Ma T, Zhu X (2009) A simple kriging method incorporating multiscale measurements in geochemical survey. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 101:147–154. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.06.003
  • Elbasiouny H, Abowaly M, Abu_Alkheir A, Gad A (2014) Spatial variation of soil carbon and nitrogen pools by using ordinary Kriging method in an area of north Nile Delta, Egypt. CATENA 113:70–78. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.008
  • Sanusi MSM, Ramli AT, Gabdo HT, et al. (2014) Isodose mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate of Selangor state , Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya , Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 135:67–74. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.04.004
  • Hiemstra PH, Pebesma EJ, Twenho CJW (2009) Real-time automatic interpolation of ambient gamma dose rates from the Dutch radioactivity monitoring network. Computers & Geosciences 35:1711–1721. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.10.011
  • Lark RM, Ander EL, Cave MR, et al. (2014) Mapping trace element deficiency by cokriging from regional geochemical soil data: A case study on cobalt for grazing sheep in Ireland. Geoderma 226-227:64–78. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.03.002
  • Chica-Olmo M, Luque-Espinar JA, Rodriguez-Galiano V, et al. (2014) Categorical Indicator Kriging for assessing the risk of groundwater nitrate pollution: the case of Vega de Granada aquifer (SE Spain). The Science of the total environment 470-471:229–39. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.077
  • Armstrong M (1998) Basic Linear Geostatistics. 153.
  • Chilès J-P, Delfiner P (1999) Geostatistics: Modeling Spatial Uncertainty. 720.
  • Deutsch C V., Journel AG (1998) GSLIB: Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide, second ed. 369.
  • Goovaerts P (2001) Geostatistical modelling of uncertainty in soil science. Geoderma 103:3–26. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7061(01)00067-2
  • Grunwald S, Reddy KR, Prenger JP, Fisher MM (2007) Modeling of the spatial variability of biogeochemical soil properties in a freshwater ecosystem. Ecological Modelling 201:521– 535. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.10.026
  • Ihaka R, Gentleman R (1996) R: A Language for Data Analysis and Graphics. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 5:299–314. doi: 10.1080/10618600.1996.10474713
  • Pebesma EJ, Wesseling CG (1998) Gstat: a program for geostatistical modelling, prediction and simulation. Computers & Geosciences 24:17–31. doi: 10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00082-4
  • Quantum GIS Development Team (2014) Quantum GIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.
  • Akbaş F (2012) Tokat Kazova Topraklarının Yarayışlı Fosfor Düzeyinin Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simulasyon Metodlarıyla Modellenmesi ve Haritalanması. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 18:63–76.

Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması

Year 2014, Volume: 35 Issue: 4, 11 - 35, 05.11.2014

Cafer Yeşilkanat , Yaşar Kobya Halim Taşkın Uğur Çevik

Abstract

Bu çalışmada jeoistatistik tahmin yöntemleri (ordinary kriging ve universal kriging) ile Artvin ilindeki doğal kaynak sularında ölçülen toplam alfa ve toplam beta aktivitesinin örnek alınmamış noktalarda tahmini değerleri hesaplanmış ve simülasyon (benzetim) yöntemi ile (şartlı gauss simülasyonu) hem toplam alfa hem de toplam beta için bölgedeki dağılım belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca hesaplamalardan elde edilen verilerin yardımı ile alfa ve beta aktiviteleri için tanımlayıcı haritalar üretilmiştir. Çalışma alanını tanımlayacak bir şekilde 102 istasyondan su örnekleri alınmış ve bunların rastgele seçilmiş 50% si (51) model için kullanılırken geriye kalan %50 si (51) model sonundaki doğrulama testi için kullanılmıştır. Sırasıyla alfa ve beta aktiviteleri için maksimum ölçüm değeri, 0.771 Bq/L, ve 0.808 Bq/L ve minimum değerleri 0.005 Bq/L ve 0.0013 Bq/L olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda universal kriging yönteminin ara değer tahmininde ordinary kriging yönteminden daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiş ve oluşturulan haritalarda küçük alanlı yerel değişimlerin daha iyi gözlendiği görülmüştür. Simülasyon ve tahmin haritaları karşılaştırıldığında sulardaki toplam alfa ve betanın dağılımının iyi bir şekilde temsil edildiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

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References

  • Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Yeşilkanat CM, et al. (2014) Natural and artificial radioactivity assessment of dam lakes sediments in Çoruh River, Turkey. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. doi: 10.1007/s10967-014-3420-7
  • Karahan G, Öztürk N, Bayülken A (2000) Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in İstanbul, Turkey. Water Research 34:4367–4370.
  • Taskin H, Kam E, Bozkurt A (2012) Determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in drinking waters in Bursa region of north-western Turkey. Desalination and Water Treatment 45:21–25. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2012.691956
  • Celik N, Cevik U, Celik a, Koz B (2009) Natural and artificial radioactivity measurements in Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Journal of hazardous materials 162:146–53. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.017
  • Cevik U, Damla N, Karahan G, et al. (2006) Natural radioactivity in tap waters of Eastern Black Sea region 10.1093/rpd/nci325
  • of Turkey. Radiation protection dosimetry 118:88–92. doi: 6. Kurnaz a, Kucukomeroglu B, Damla N, Cevik U (2011) Radiological maps for Trabzon, Turkey. Journal of environmental radioactivity 102:393–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.02.009
  • Degerlier M, Karahan G (2010) Natural radioactivity in various surface waters in Adana, Turkey. Desalination 261:126–130. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.05.020
  • Dueñas C, Fernández MC, Gordo E, et al. (2011) Gross alpha, gross beta activities and gamma emitting radionuclides composition of rainwater samples and deposition to ground. Atmospheric Environment 45:1015–1024. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.045
  • Hannan MA, Nguyen N, Rivas M (2013) Natural radioactivity and its gamma dose rate in Mission ( Texas ) soils. 729–736. doi: 10.1007/s10967-012-1840-9
  • Navarrete JM, Martínez T, Cabrera L (2007) Comparative study between radioactive contamination in powder milk by Chernobyl accident (137Cs) and natural radioactivity (40K). Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 272:277–279. doi: 10.1007/s10967-007- 0515-4
  • Turhan S, Özçıtak E, Taşkın H, Varinlioğlu A (2013) Determination of natural radioactivity by gross alpha and beta measurements in ground water samples. Water Research 47:3103–3108. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.030
  • Görür FK, Keser R, Dizman S, Okumuşoğlu NT (2011) Annual effective dose and concentration levels of gross α and β in various waters from Samsun, Turkey. Desalination 279:135–139. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.05.071
  • Degerlier M, Karahan G, Ozger G (2008) Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey. Journal of environmental radioactivity 99:1018–25. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.12.015
  • Statistic Department of Turkey (2014) http://www.webcitation.org/6NPUa8fse. Available date: 08.09.2014
  • O’Brien K, Friedberg W, Sauer HH, Smart DF (1996) Atmospheric cosmic rays and solar energetic particles at aircraft altitudes. Environment international 22:9–44.
  • Mishev AL, Hristova E (2012) Recent gamma background measurements at high mountain altitude. Journal of environmental radioactivity 113:77–82. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.04.017
  • Kobya Y, Damla N, Cevik U, et al. (2010) Radiological characterization of natural spring waters in the Eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey. Environ Forensics 11:187–192.
  • Clark I (1979) Practical Geostatistics, First Edit. 119.
  • Diggle P, Riberio P j. (2007) Model-Based Geostatistics, First edit. 228.
  • Webster R, Oliver MA (2007) Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists, second ed. 330.
  • Boogaart KG Van Den, Schaeben H (2002) Kriging of Regionalized Directions , Axes , and Orientations I . Directions and Axes. Mathematical Geology 34:479–503.
  • McGrath D, Zhang C, Carton OT (2004) Geostatistical analyses and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland. Environmental Pollution 127:239–248. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.07.002
  • Krige DG (1966) Two-dimensional weighted moving average trend surfaces for ore- evaluation. J South Afr Inst Min Metall 66:13–38.
  • Li C, Lu Z, Ma T, Zhu X (2009) A simple kriging method incorporating multiscale measurements in geochemical survey. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 101:147–154. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.06.003
  • Elbasiouny H, Abowaly M, Abu_Alkheir A, Gad A (2014) Spatial variation of soil carbon and nitrogen pools by using ordinary Kriging method in an area of north Nile Delta, Egypt. CATENA 113:70–78. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.008
  • Sanusi MSM, Ramli AT, Gabdo HT, et al. (2014) Isodose mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate of Selangor state , Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya , Malaysia. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 135:67–74. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.04.004
  • Hiemstra PH, Pebesma EJ, Twenho CJW (2009) Real-time automatic interpolation of ambient gamma dose rates from the Dutch radioactivity monitoring network. Computers & Geosciences 35:1711–1721. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.10.011
  • Lark RM, Ander EL, Cave MR, et al. (2014) Mapping trace element deficiency by cokriging from regional geochemical soil data: A case study on cobalt for grazing sheep in Ireland. Geoderma 226-227:64–78. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.03.002
  • Chica-Olmo M, Luque-Espinar JA, Rodriguez-Galiano V, et al. (2014) Categorical Indicator Kriging for assessing the risk of groundwater nitrate pollution: the case of Vega de Granada aquifer (SE Spain). The Science of the total environment 470-471:229–39. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.077
  • Armstrong M (1998) Basic Linear Geostatistics. 153.
  • Chilès J-P, Delfiner P (1999) Geostatistics: Modeling Spatial Uncertainty. 720.
  • Deutsch C V., Journel AG (1998) GSLIB: Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide, second ed. 369.
  • Goovaerts P (2001) Geostatistical modelling of uncertainty in soil science. Geoderma 103:3–26. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7061(01)00067-2
  • Grunwald S, Reddy KR, Prenger JP, Fisher MM (2007) Modeling of the spatial variability of biogeochemical soil properties in a freshwater ecosystem. Ecological Modelling 201:521– 535. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.10.026
  • Ihaka R, Gentleman R (1996) R: A Language for Data Analysis and Graphics. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 5:299–314. doi: 10.1080/10618600.1996.10474713
  • Pebesma EJ, Wesseling CG (1998) Gstat: a program for geostatistical modelling, prediction and simulation. Computers & Geosciences 24:17–31. doi: 10.1016/S0098-3004(97)00082-4
  • Quantum GIS Development Team (2014) Quantum GIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.
  • Akbaş F (2012) Tokat Kazova Topraklarının Yarayışlı Fosfor Düzeyinin Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simulasyon Metodlarıyla Modellenmesi ve Haritalanması. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 18:63–76.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Editorial
Authors

Cafer Yeşilkanat

Yaşar Kobya This is me

Halim Taşkın This is me

Uğur Çevik

Publication Date November 5, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 35 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yeşilkanat, C., Kobya, Y., Taşkın, H., Çevik, U. (2014). Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(4), 11-35.
AMA Yeşilkanat C, Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Çevik U. Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. December 2014;35(4):11-35.
Chicago Yeşilkanat, Cafer, Yaşar Kobya, Halim Taşkın, and Uğur Çevik. “Jeoistatistik Tahmin Ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri Ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa Ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi Ve Haritalanması”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 35, no. 4 (December 2014): 11-35.
EndNote Yeşilkanat C, Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Çevik U (December 1, 2014) Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 35 4 11–35.
IEEE C. Yeşilkanat, Y. Kobya, H. Taşkın, and U. Çevik, “Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması”, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 11–35, 2014.
ISNAD Yeşilkanat, Cafer et al. “Jeoistatistik Tahmin Ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri Ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa Ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi Ve Haritalanması”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 35/4 (December 2014), 11-35.
JAMA Yeşilkanat C, Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Çevik U. Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;35:11–35.
MLA Yeşilkanat, Cafer et al. “Jeoistatistik Tahmin Ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri Ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa Ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi Ve Haritalanması”. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 35, no. 4, 2014, pp. 11-35.
Vancouver Yeşilkanat C, Kobya Y, Taşkın H, Çevik U. Jeoistatistik Tahmin ve Simülasyon Yöntemleri ile Artvin İlindeki Doğal Kaynak Suları için Toplam Alfa ve Toplam Betanın Ara Değer Modellemesi ve Haritalanması. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;35(4):11-35.