Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 4 - 2023, 33:4, 238 - 249, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/CRDS.2023.23257

Abstract

References

  • 1. Ellis E, McNamara JA. Components of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;42(5):295-305. [CrossRef] 2. Guyer EC, Ellis EE, McNamara JA, Behrents RG. Components of class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1986;56(1):7-30. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Spalj S, Mestrovic S, Lapter Varga M, Slaj M. Skeletal components of class III malocclusions and compensation mechanisms. J Oral Reha- bil. 2008;35(8):629-637. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Lew KK, Foong WC. Horizontal skeletal typing in an ethnic Chinese population with true Class III malocclusions. Br J Orthod. 1993;20(1):19-23. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Emrich RE, Brodie AG, Blayney JR. Prevalence of Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 malocclusions (Angle) in an urban population. An epidemio- logical study. J Dent Res. 1965;44(5):947-953. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Cruz RM, Krieger H, Ferreira R, Mah J, Hartsfield J, Oliveira S. Major gene and multifactorial inheritance of mandibular prognathism. Am J Med Genet A. 2008;146A(1):71-77. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Larson Brent SDM. Contemporary Orthodon- tics. 6th ed. St.Louis:Mosby; 2018.
  • 8. Graber TM, Rakosi T, Petrovic AG. Dentofacial Orthopedics with Fuc- tional Appliances. St.Louis: CV Mosby; 1997.
  • 9. Jacobson A, Evans WG, Preston CB, Sadowsky PL. Mandibular prog- nathism. Am J Orthod. 1974;66(2):140-171. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Sanborn R. Differences between the facial skeletal patterns of class III malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod. 1955;25(4): 208-222.
  • 11. Reyes BC, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. An estimate of craniofacial growth in Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 2006;76(4):577-584. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Baccetti T, Antonini A, Franchi L, Tonti M, Tollaro I. Glenoid fossa posi- tion in different facial types: a cephalometric study. Br J Orthod. 1997;24(1):55-59. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Baccetti T, Lorenzo F, McNamara JA Jr. Growth in the untreated class III malocclusion. Semin Orthod. 2007;13:130-142.
  • 14. Battagel JM. The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod. 1993;15(5):347-370. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Alexander AE, McNamara JA, Franchi L, Baccetti T. Semilongitudinal cephalometric study of craniofacial growth in untreated Class III malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135(6):700.e1- 14; discussion 700. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Miyajima K, McNamara JA, Sana M, Murata S. An estimation of crani- ofacial growth in the untreated Class III female with anterior cross- bite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112(4):425-434. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Enlow DH. Handbook and Facial Growth. 2.nd ed. Philadelphia: Saun- ders; 1982.
  • 18. Proff P, Will F, Bokan I, Fanghänel J, Gedrange T. Cranial base features in skeletal Class III patients. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(3):433-439. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Ochoa BK, Nanda RS. Comparison of maxillary and mandibular growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125(2):148-159. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Mitani H, Sato K, Sugawara J. Growth of mandibular prognathism after pubertal growth peak. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;104(4):330-336. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Lu YC, Tanne K, Hirano Y, Sakuda M. Craniofacial morphology of ado- lescent mandibular prognathism. Angle Orthod. 1993;63(4):277-282. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Riedel RA. The relation of maxillary structures to cranium in maloc- clusion and in normal occlusion. Angle Orthod. 1952;22:142-145.
  • 23. Grave KC, Brown T. Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1976;69(6):611-619. [CrossRef]
  • 24. Chen F, Wu L, Terada K, Saito I. Longitudinal intermaxillary relation- ships in class III malocclusions with low and high mandibular plane angles. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(3):397-403. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Greulich WW, Pyle SI. Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist. 2nd ed. CA: Stanfort University Press; 1959:61-245.
  • 26. Wolfe SM, Araujo E, Behrents RG, Buschang PH. Craniofacial growth of Class III subjects six to sixteen years of age. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):211-216. [CrossRef] 27. Chen F, Terada K, Wu L, Saito I. Longitudinal evaluation of the inter- maxillary relationship in Class III malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2006;76(6):955-961. [CrossRef]
  • 28. Steiner CC. Cephalometrics for you and me. Am J Orthod. 1953;39(10):729-755. [CrossRef]
  • 29. McNamara JA. A method of cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod. 1984;86(6):449-469. [CrossRef] 30. Rutili V, Nieri M, Giuntini V, McNamara Jr JA, Franchi L. A multilevel analysis of craniofacial growth in subjects with untreated Class III malocclusion. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2020;23(2):181-191. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Zegan G, Dascălu CG, Mavru RB, Anistoroaei D. Cephalometric fea-tures of class III malocclusion. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi.2015;119(4):1153-1160.

Craniofacial Growth Differences in Individuals with Skeletal Class III and Class I During Different Growth Periods

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 4 - 2023, 33:4, 238 - 249, 10.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/CRDS.2023.23257

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the craniofacial growth of individuals with skeletal class III and class I structure at different stages of growth periods.

Methods: The study includes 266 untreated individuals with class I and class III malocclusion admitted for orthodontic treatment. The individuals were divided according to their genders— male and female—and growth periods based on the hand–wrist films. The differences between the growth periods and sex groups of class I and class III individuals were statistically evaluated.

Results: In the study, there was no difference between class I and class III in terms of anterior and posterior cranial base length. The cranial base angle was shown to be lower in class III individuals than in class I individuals. Effective maxillary length (Co-A) is significantly lower in class III patients than in class I individuals. Mandibular growth dimensions of the class III and class I groups are similar in the early period however, differences between the two groups increase in later periods. Craniofacial and mandibular sizes were larger in class I and class III males than females. We found that protrusion of the maxillary incisor and retrusion of the mandibular incisor become increasingly evident as development progresses.

Conclusion: In class III and class I individuals, the amount of maxillary and mandibular growth is similar in the early stages of development, whereas in class III individuals the skeletal discrepancy is intensified in the later stages of development.

İskeletsel Sınıf III ve Sınıf I bireylerin Farklı Büyüme Dönemlerindeki Kraniofasiyal Büyüme Farklılıkları̇

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iskeletsel sınıf III ve sınıf I yapıya sahip bireylerin farklı büyüme dönemlerindeki kraniyofasiyal büyümelerini karşılaştırmaktır.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya ortodontik tedavi için başvuran sınıf I ve sınıf III maloklüzyona sahip 266 tedavi edilmemiş hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bireyler cinsiyetlerine (kadın ve erkek) ve el-bilek filmlerine göre büyüme dönemlerine göre ayrılmıştır. Sınıf I ve sınıf III hastaların büyüme dönemleri ve cinsiyet grupları arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmada ön ve arka kranial kaide uzunluğu açısından sınıf I ve sınıf III arasında fark bulunamamıştır. Kranial kaide açısının sınıf III hastalarda sınıf I hastalara göre daha düşük olduğu gösterilmiştir. Efektif maksiller uzunluk (Co-A) sınıf III bireylerde sınıf I bireylere göre anlamlı derecede düşüktür. Sınıf III ve sınıf I gruplarının mandibular büyüme miktarları erken dönemde benzerdir, ancak daha sonraki dönemlerde iki grup arasındaki farklar artmaktadır. Kraniyofasiyal ve mandibular boyutlar sınıf I ve sınıf III erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha büyük bulunmuştur. Gelişim ilerledikçe maksiller kesici dişin protrüzyonunun ve mandibular kesici dişin retrüzyonunun giderek belirginleştiği bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Sınıf III ve sınıf I bireylerde maksilla ve mandibulanın büyüme miktarları gelişimin erken safhalarında benzerken sınıf III bireylerde gelişimin ilerleyen safhalarında iskeletsel uyumsuzluk şiddetlenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Maloklüzyon, Angle sınıf III, sefalometri, pubertal büyüme

References

  • 1. Ellis E, McNamara JA. Components of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;42(5):295-305. [CrossRef] 2. Guyer EC, Ellis EE, McNamara JA, Behrents RG. Components of class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1986;56(1):7-30. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Spalj S, Mestrovic S, Lapter Varga M, Slaj M. Skeletal components of class III malocclusions and compensation mechanisms. J Oral Reha- bil. 2008;35(8):629-637. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Lew KK, Foong WC. Horizontal skeletal typing in an ethnic Chinese population with true Class III malocclusions. Br J Orthod. 1993;20(1):19-23. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Emrich RE, Brodie AG, Blayney JR. Prevalence of Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 malocclusions (Angle) in an urban population. An epidemio- logical study. J Dent Res. 1965;44(5):947-953. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Cruz RM, Krieger H, Ferreira R, Mah J, Hartsfield J, Oliveira S. Major gene and multifactorial inheritance of mandibular prognathism. Am J Med Genet A. 2008;146A(1):71-77. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Larson Brent SDM. Contemporary Orthodon- tics. 6th ed. St.Louis:Mosby; 2018.
  • 8. Graber TM, Rakosi T, Petrovic AG. Dentofacial Orthopedics with Fuc- tional Appliances. St.Louis: CV Mosby; 1997.
  • 9. Jacobson A, Evans WG, Preston CB, Sadowsky PL. Mandibular prog- nathism. Am J Orthod. 1974;66(2):140-171. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Sanborn R. Differences between the facial skeletal patterns of class III malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod. 1955;25(4): 208-222.
  • 11. Reyes BC, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. An estimate of craniofacial growth in Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 2006;76(4):577-584. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Baccetti T, Antonini A, Franchi L, Tonti M, Tollaro I. Glenoid fossa posi- tion in different facial types: a cephalometric study. Br J Orthod. 1997;24(1):55-59. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Baccetti T, Lorenzo F, McNamara JA Jr. Growth in the untreated class III malocclusion. Semin Orthod. 2007;13:130-142.
  • 14. Battagel JM. The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod. 1993;15(5):347-370. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Alexander AE, McNamara JA, Franchi L, Baccetti T. Semilongitudinal cephalometric study of craniofacial growth in untreated Class III malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135(6):700.e1- 14; discussion 700. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Miyajima K, McNamara JA, Sana M, Murata S. An estimation of crani- ofacial growth in the untreated Class III female with anterior cross- bite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112(4):425-434. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Enlow DH. Handbook and Facial Growth. 2.nd ed. Philadelphia: Saun- ders; 1982.
  • 18. Proff P, Will F, Bokan I, Fanghänel J, Gedrange T. Cranial base features in skeletal Class III patients. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(3):433-439. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Ochoa BK, Nanda RS. Comparison of maxillary and mandibular growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125(2):148-159. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Mitani H, Sato K, Sugawara J. Growth of mandibular prognathism after pubertal growth peak. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;104(4):330-336. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Lu YC, Tanne K, Hirano Y, Sakuda M. Craniofacial morphology of ado- lescent mandibular prognathism. Angle Orthod. 1993;63(4):277-282. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Riedel RA. The relation of maxillary structures to cranium in maloc- clusion and in normal occlusion. Angle Orthod. 1952;22:142-145.
  • 23. Grave KC, Brown T. Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1976;69(6):611-619. [CrossRef]
  • 24. Chen F, Wu L, Terada K, Saito I. Longitudinal intermaxillary relation- ships in class III malocclusions with low and high mandibular plane angles. Angle Orthod. 2007;77(3):397-403. [CrossRef]
  • 25. Greulich WW, Pyle SI. Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist. 2nd ed. CA: Stanfort University Press; 1959:61-245.
  • 26. Wolfe SM, Araujo E, Behrents RG, Buschang PH. Craniofacial growth of Class III subjects six to sixteen years of age. Angle Orthod. 2011;81(2):211-216. [CrossRef] 27. Chen F, Terada K, Wu L, Saito I. Longitudinal evaluation of the inter- maxillary relationship in Class III malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2006;76(6):955-961. [CrossRef]
  • 28. Steiner CC. Cephalometrics for you and me. Am J Orthod. 1953;39(10):729-755. [CrossRef]
  • 29. McNamara JA. A method of cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod. 1984;86(6):449-469. [CrossRef] 30. Rutili V, Nieri M, Giuntini V, McNamara Jr JA, Franchi L. A multilevel analysis of craniofacial growth in subjects with untreated Class III malocclusion. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2020;23(2):181-191. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Zegan G, Dascălu CG, Mavru RB, Anistoroaei D. Cephalometric fea-tures of class III malocclusion. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi.2015;119(4):1153-1160.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ebru Kucukkaraca This is me

Neslihan Ucuncu This is me

Publication Date October 10, 2023
Submission Date August 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 33 Issue: 4 - 2023, 33:4

Cite

AMA Kucukkaraca E, Ucuncu N. Craniofacial Growth Differences in Individuals with Skeletal Class III and Class I During Different Growth Periods. Curr Res Dent Sci. October 2023;33(4):238-249. doi:10.5152/CRDS.2023.23257

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